N Â¡Â¢Â¤Â¦Â¡Â¦ TH"SE prÃ©sentÃ©e pour obtenir le titre de DOCTEUR ... - cerfacs

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Y K ” @EPNJtWELWEK1NQPMF\T1Ẁ PiNJUWEDAX < R@aRW Z @EP < IIyWC@ÌONQKb{ƒX < KAFMLE9Œ>=!@ELN>? DAF\@EL#DSP\@Ù ©EU@aIK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LL@ Y Kao Y @aBC@EP Y F%R@ ‹@EF\T1Tb@EDu’U^FMDAX!c 0 h < LRFMDAF < LL@EU@EL#D > K8@jR@`B ‰ < U > K8@4R@jB < LRFMDAF < LL@EU@EL#D < IDAFMUnNQP%I Y TAD8@CT8T8@`BNQKgP : FML#DAK < R Y BEDAF < L•R@ {g@EI@ELRNQLD6P α Iy@ Y Du@ELDAK1N\L@EKjPiNL < Lk < KADAX < t < LONQPMFMD8WnR@CT Z @CBED8@ Y K8TÌK < IK8@CTaR Y ¥ P : NQF\R@nR@CT Z NQKAFiN > P\@CTmTA~¦UWEDAKAF\o Y @CT !‚Y P\@EKhP\@ÎK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LL@ Y K Z NQL 9 @C@EKlk 9 @C@wk ¢S< @ β = √ |1 − M 2 | c φ K8@EIK8WCT8@EL#D8@JP : NQLtdP\@jR : WCB
%"" ‚¥' ¥$ ¡ '" '§-£"4" ¡ ©‹" ¡ ¦ £#"4 $ §'" ¡x©¥¨¥¨£"J£ ¥$ ¡ §%&''§£ $ "a§¤4§¤V £ ©‹¨"m ¥ ¨¥¨§¤"§ ¥ ¨£¢š§¤©©q £ c ¡ @CT6RWwGrN Y D8TzB < LL Y TbR@CTgIK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LL@ Y K8TsR@CTƒGrNQU^FMPMP\@CT ¡ Y K ” @EP!@ED Z NQL 9 @C@EKzL Y TAD8@CT8T8@6R Y TA~¦T8D8vEU@6IK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LLWdc ! L < II < T8FMDAF < LVN Z @CBsP\@CTfN Z NQL#D1NQt@CTgWEL < Lk cS{ Y ThFMPbT : N Z vEK8@¢o Y @[P\@…IK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LL@EU@EL#D[P < BNQP6K8WCR Y FMDB < LT8F\RWEK1N > P\@EU@EL#DnPiNqK Y T8D8@CT8T8@ BCWCT^BEFHkxR@CT1T Y B < R@dc Y T8D8@CT8T8@€@CTADuIKAFMLBEFMIONQP\@EU@EL#DJPMF\W^_VPiNVIK8WCT8@ELBC@^R@ R < LTuR@4I < FMLD8TuR : NQKAK ©EDc 9 @4IK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LL@ Y KjR < FMDsGrNQFMK8@J@EL}T < KAD8@4o Y @JP\@4TA~TAD8vEU@JIK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LLW K8WEtdF < FMLD8T¢T < L#DN >y< K8RWCT…RNQLT…P\@CT[T1@CBEDAF < LT[T Y F Z NQLD8@CT ¨zRWCT < KAUnNQF\ThzT8@ Y P`P\@•IK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LL@ Y K {g@CT¢RFH–yWEK8@ELD8T…I ’{gp @CTADbB < LT8F\RWEK8Wdc ©¨ L SU646. -/J +546.) 03PQUXJ 3 .)TP - ¢PS)m3 P / § ! © ¥¤ © © 5¤ 9 @CTaWCo Y NQDAF < LT !‚Y P\@EKaIK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LLWC@CTJ@EL Z NQKAFiN > P\@CT`TA~UWEDAKAF\o Y @CTaT < LD`R < LLWC@CTÌONQK`P : WCo Y NQDAF < L U ‰ < RFHÕWC@CT4ˆ ‰ ‰ %¡¤£ £ © ¡ ¥'§ $ ¨§›£|¥¨§¤ +£ $ £¦%£ ¤ @…RWwGrN Y DmIKAFMLBEFMIONQP6R Y IK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LL@ Y K £ 9 ¢ @CTADmPiN•T1@ELTAF > FMPMFMD8W…R Y IK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LL@ Y KV_•P : NQLtdP\@¢R@ 9 : WCB Y TAD8@CT8T8@VR@BC@ÎK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LL@ Y K^@CTADjPiNQKAt@EU@ELD U^F\T8@J_mP : WEIK8@ YZ @ 9-, ,'=@ED6FMP—L : N€ION?TbWED8WaFMUÎPiNQLD8WJRNQLTS@EP\T8Ž4c ¥¤ © §¦ § © © § © ¤ §% SLIK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LL@ Y Ku@ BnBN?BC@JR < FMDbK8@EUÎPMFMKbP\@CT6I < FML#D8TST Y F Z NQLD8TJˆ ‡dcS{ < LT1@EK Z NQDAF < LR@`PiNmLONQD Y K8@`X~Iy@EK >< PMF\o Y @jR Y TA~TAD8vEU@ < KAFMtdFMLONQP N ˜LR : N?T8T Y K8@EK6PiN€RWw˜LFMDAF < L•B < KAK8@CBED8@ R@CTsB < LRFMDAF < LTbPMFMU^FMD8@CT Šwc < < LVR@sPiNaB < L Z @EKAt@ELBC@dc 9 @ >Y Df@CTADfR := D8@ELFMKgPiǸ K8WCR Y BEDAF < LVR Y L < U > K8@SR@sB < LRFMDAF < LL@EU@EL#D †cbŽSUWEPMF K1NQDAF < U > K8@dhyRWw˜LFIONQKSP\@jK1NQII < KADS@ELDAK8@4PiNIP Y TstdK1NQLR@4@EDsPiNIP Y TbGrNQF > P\@ Z FMD8@CT8T8@JR :=< LR@dh¤@CTAD Y L K c¤{g@JL GrN?BED8@ Y K;Iy@EKADAFML@EL#DzT Y K;PiǸ Iy@EKlG < KAUnNQLBC@sR Y IK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LL@ Y K6@ELnD8@EKAU@SR@bB < L Z @EKAt@ELBC@dc{g@6I < FML#DgT8@EK1N RW Z @EP < IIyWjRNQLT6PiNT8@CBEDAF < L cŒc c B < LRFMDAF < L!c{g@CTbI < FML#D8TbT8@EK < LDSRW Z @EP < IIyWCTsRNQLT6PiNT8@CBEDAF < L B < LT1@EK Z @aP :=< KADAX < t < LONQPMFMD8WJR@CT Z @CBED8@ Y K8TbIK < IK8@CT89 #†>=xc cŒ†Š Z Y K8T6IK < IK8@CTsR Y TA~¦T8D8vEU@aT < L#DhI
Page 1:
◦ ¡£¢¥¤§¦¨¡©¦ "! #%$'
Page 5 and 6:
$ 2à* QN¨&1.¥$ 1*#82à*WYUM$§N+
Page 7:
NH&›N¨- / #2 $F"+& #2#3! #"!|§N
Page 10 and 11:
@ 77©¦¤G¤£W V¦¥UY '¦¨§ E
Page 12 and 13:
¡ ¢,' 2 &C / ¤£ -;!©- ¥£ &(
Page 15 and 16:
¢¡¤£¦¥ ¡ § ¡ ¢¡¤£ ¤
Page 17 and 18:
@¡ < 4 3 ` B¡ 89;8 §N+M%& / M =
Page 19 and 20:
@¡ < 4 3 ` B¡ 89;8 1: >Ï#% "! #%
Page 21:
@¡ < 4 3 ` B¡ 89;8 ¢ p 2# 2N¨$
Page 24 and 25:
¢ 65¨D 67 < @ 9;8 M lim $(+3- #
Page 26 and 27:
¢ 65¨D 67 < @ 9;8 ¢¡ P © £
Page 29 and 30:
B ; 5?4 9 7 B 5C ¢ : L §^NZL ¥
Page 31 and 32:
VSX ¤¦E Y ¥àV E Y ¤ TxYåT ¡
Page 33 and 34:
B ; 5?4 9 7 B 5C 9;9 / #%$'&HM"(+?
Page 35:
M% %&1.±!¤N¨&1.±(+$ :.±! §N¨
Page 39 and 40:
¢ ' ')&( - ¨©¦© §"!$#&%''" ()
Page 41 and 42:
N / (+$:“*#%*:#%& / N¨Ü(+1C#32
Page 43 and 44:
h¦ V 77£¤§¦ Eè¡©_G•¤ T E
Page 45 and 46:
¨ÎN¨-)(+ 2 . / ãN¨*&C-•#%. /
Page 47 and 48:
ÎN+M"M"#%$'&Q#"!1&H?.±!H.±M%.b!1
Page 49 and 50:
¾Ž,! . !_M"(+$$§N¨.±! !›N¨$
Page 51 and 52:
#CM"(+?)(+1& #%C#%$_&¨8-§N+! ! #H
Page 53 and 54:
¡§¢¥¤£¦ Ž,¥ŽŠàP 0"M"( /
Page 55 and 56:
¡§¢¨¤§¦ Ž,¥Ž 08 27 $(Ò#
Page 57 and 58:
!1.±!1& # H2#"!E!1*1-Ò.¥& #"! !
Page 59 and 60:
#"!82à.B)% #%$'& !KM%1.¥& 1 #"!8
Page 61:
£¢¡¤£!§©¨¦¥ £ ¡§©£
Page 65 and 66:
¢?¢ ¤ ¡ ¦¢¡ ¡ ¡¤£ ¨ ¡
Page 67 and 68:
¢ ¢ > []WV E Y ¤ T ^?¡© AV¦¥
Page 69 and 70:
¢ ¢ > []WV E Y ¤ T ^?¡© AV¦¥
Page 71 and 72:
¢ ' ')&( - ì“¦ë ¼«bÃ›~
Page 73 and 74:
¢ V 7 7W¦¨¤ Y\XZV E Y ¤ T ¡
Page 75 and 76:
H ÐY ¤ T a\¤ §V ¦ Y E£ X Y\[]
Page 77 and 78:
¥Ž“P :.±!1&11.¥-*&1.±(+$F2#
Page 79 and 80:
NèC(Ò2 / .±!›N¨&1.±(+$F2#dM"
Page 81 and 82:
#"!“›N¨$2#%* !d&1*1-* / #%$_&
Page 83 and 84:
© ¤ 1%/ #"!dMŠN / M%* / #%$_& /
Page 85 and 86:
#?MŠN+!d2 "M"(+* / #%C#%$_& !è2#?
Page 87 and 88:
φ !›Nè-“N / #%*,2N¨$! / #dM
Page 89 and 90:
.¥?.¥& #%*:#"!1&b*&1. / .±! d§N
Page 91 and 92:
P SARC = f r1 P SA ( P SA = c b1 ˜
Page 93 and 94:
#EC('2 1%/ #E2# L )#
Page 95 and 96:
"M""2#%?C#%$'& / N / .¥?.¥&›N¨
Page 97 and 98: #|& #%$! #%*£2ÎN¨$.±!›(+&1 (+
Page 99 and 100: #"!} (+ / !}2#|-Ò.¥& #"! ! #ƒ2(+
Page 101 and 102: \ -)©$ a 0 $&¦¢$:))6$:-)b1c?+;1
Page 103 and 104: ¢¡¤£E ¦¥ ¢¥¤§¦¨¢ "©¡
Page 105 and 106: ¢¡¤£E ¦¥ ¢¥¤§¦¨¢ "©¡
Page 107 and 108: ¢¡¤£E ¦¥ ¢¥¤§¦¨¢ "©¡
Page 109 and 110: z£TS¬'¦ 0 ¡¬£1ª< z£TSQ¬'¦
Page 111 and 112: ¡ ¢ @ © §¨"© #e X¢¥¤ p §
Page 113 and 114: ¡ ¡ £¢ " § $ " £¢ ¨ ¢ "
Page 115 and 116: £ 3 K8l y f`f`M0w;l@x y x ÆAª
Page 117: ¢¡¤£¦¥¨§©¥ ¡¤¥ !"$#
Page 121 and 122: ¥¤¦¤¨§© ! #"%$'&©(*)+-,$.
Page 123 and 124: ¦ ¦ ¢&UT!É ªLO'¡k£¤Ÿz£‰
Page 125 and 126: ¥'¬&@K%¥3¡D¦%
Page 127 and 128: F ¦%¢i%¥3¡'°!£¤Ÿz£‰¥3
Page 129 and 130: ¦ ¦ & 'É ¡ 'ªÆ°k¦+0¥¦
Page 131 and 132: Fž§°kª
Page 133 and 134: ¢¡ ¤¡ ¨ ¤§0N¦ ¢ ¤ ¢ ¨
Page 135 and 136: ∆h ¦
Page 137 and 138: ρ(A) ¦%¢zŸµªTL¨¤¬'ª³L¬K
Page 139 and 140: ; ; @0¡'¦LR^¢Ÿ¦
Page 141 and 142: ¥¤¦¤¨§© # )+*-,/.1032¨456,8
Page 143 and 144: LR@CTsN?B D8@ELFMK Y L@€T < P Y
Page 145 and 146: § DAF\@EL#DSPiN€K8@EPiNQDAF < L
Page 147: §›P\@CTÛnNQDAKAF\BC@CTD?AN?B F
Page 151 and 152: ¦¦ cM‡dˆ 7 < U > K8@JR@aB < LR
Page 153 and 154: P\@¥ Y „…IK8WCB < LRFMDAF < LL
Page 155 and 156: @`T8B1XWEUnNJBC@ELDAK8Ẁ I
Page 157 and 158: F (k) T < L#DSR < LLWC@CTsBEFHkxR@C
Page 159 and 160: 9 @JG N?BED8@ Y K < § r i+1/2 @CTA
Page 161 and 162: R@CTR@gIK < IONQt#NQDAF < L!h?FMLDA
Page 163 and 164: @N Y B Y TAD8@CTc ! LB < LT8WCo Y @
Page 165 and 166: 9 @©¨ Y „B < L Z @CBEDAFHG‚T
Page 167 and 168: %¡ ¡ ¥ £!"£•££¢—§ $ ¨
Page 169 and 170: D8@CT`P\@CT Z NQP\@ Y K8TuIK < IK8@
Page 171 and 172: %¡ ¡ ¥ £!"£•££¢—§ $ ¨
Page 173 and 174: %¡ ¡ ¥ £!"£•££¢—§ $ ¨
Page 175 and 176: %¡ ¡ ¥ £!"£•££¢—§ $ ¨
Page 177 and 178: %¡ ¡ ¥ £!"£•££¢—§ $ ¨
Page 179 and 180: %¡ ¡¡ a¥¨¨§& ¦ $ ¡ §¤&i
Page 181 and 182: ‰ ¢ £¦¥© ¢ > Š ‰ > K8
Page 183 and 184: ‰ ‰ ‰ > Š ‰ > ŠgI
Page 185 and 186: @mDAK < F\TAF\vEU@€BN?TlkrD8@CTAD
Page 187 and 188: %¡ ¡¡ a¥¨¨§& ¦ $ ¡ §¤&i
Page 189 and 190: ‰ ‰ ‰ > Š > x/H = ‰ Š 17
Page 191: ¡£¢¥¤§¦©¨ ¢¦¤¨ ¥! "
Page 195 and 196: 24365 *,+.-/-10 =@?BADC9E©FHGI?KJ;
Page 197 and 198: ¡¢¡ z5z5 ‚ z¤£ " mw z †
Page 199 and 200:
† } & v {£¢ vJ}‘€QvŽv} ‡
Page 201 and 202:
¡¡ ¥ vz5€ {&‚§¦ ~ ‚y†
Page 203 and 204:
PJC PJ‰ Y ©©2%&£(©7"'6"© %&"
Page 205 and 206:
PJC!V1V1‰ Y ©©,2%&Ž(©^"'6"©^
Page 207 and 208:
¤± ¦ ¡ ± ¦'¢m ¤@¢£¦©/
Page 209 and 210:
n %&‘(©@%&">TE©©¥‰ n $£(©
Page 211 and 212:
%&'#©f26A' E&@" ¥8,"'©k© G%qsQ5
Page 213 and 214:
%&"“6%&'6!"©14*wym~ †¤¦I†
Page 215 and 216:
%&"(*).3N%&(*4%&¥2t©!©^8,"'©^©
Page 217 and 218:
C PJ‰ D !3"%& \^]§_` y + !,©'©
Page 219 and 220:
\^]§_` >C¹>‰'[]'"'©'6©@(>"`'%
Page 221 and 222:
\^]8_^` >C!V1V1‰'[ '"'©'6©9(©
Page 223 and 224:
\^]8_^` >C!VIº>‰'[]'"'©'6©@(©
Page 225 and 226:
\^]8_^` >C!V X>‰'[]'"'©'6©@(©9
Page 227 and 228:
8%e P@¼ ¾ !*_4G"¨:¨d%_4¨^Q¨'
Page 229 and 230:
%¡¡ s r € ¢7v/u r o |3s r qRp
Page 231 and 232:
6B&*H-I$ % *+,!.-/V¨Q¨17-¨,X £
Page 233 and 234:
¨;"G_)!¨ >g)!&¨¨ ¦ -B©8 ‚ -
Page 235 and 236:
n !*&>%&¨¨ '"R%&¨¨ ε -/Q.¨%6
Page 237 and 238:
¾ ¼ 8 S[X ¡ &¨&¨:>01!*&>%&
Page 239 and 240:
… Á n W … n W \^]§_^` 8 S
Page 241 and 242:
… Á n W … n W 8º ‡ ¨1!
Page 243 and 244:
¢ 5 95§7 @¢¡^H 5@¤@5LD5??"¤
Page 245 and 246:
5 95£¢ @¢¡^H 5@¤@5 D 5gEa0 -1+
Page 247 and 248:
£ Å M%&*-/@1!¨2¨! £ É J¥-/%"
Page 249 and 250:
&¨Z*"%"*¨,8 § ¨ I¨13*!¨&¨,8
Page 251 and 252:
\^]8_^` 8º[X W217-/!.-/b¨c)G"¨
Page 253 and 254:
\^]8_^` 8º>P W217-/!.-/S¨d)G"¨
Page 255 and 256:
\^]8_^` 8ºu¹ W217-/!.-/b¨c)G"
Page 257 and 258:
\^]8_^` 8Ë e W217-/!.-/S¨d)G"¨
Page 259 and 260:
\^]8_^` 8Ë’º W217-/!.-/b¨c)G
Page 261 and 262:
\^]8_^` 8Ë X W217-/!.-/S¨d)G"¨
Page 263 and 264:
\]§_^` 8ËlP ¡ R !(>Q&:!¨;¨ ¦
Page 265 and 266:
'_R%"¨L-/S%_4¨!b%2%"5-/%!¨^61!¨
Page 267 and 268:
8 X &‡ ¨1!*¨ .-/S¨d"%%+,&¨c¨
Page 269 and 270:
\^]§_` 8 X[S &‡ ¨1!*¨ .-/S¨d
Page 271 and 272:
¼ ¾(… ;X ¼ ¾c…… X ¼
Page 273 and 274:
-H1!*¨ .-/M¨%_4¨^bI$ ‚ !"5-2ƒ
Page 275 and 276:
\^]§_` 8 X W217-/!.-/.6¨cRG"¨
Page 277 and 278:
\^]§_` 8 Z W217-/!.-/.6¨cRG"¨
Page 279 and 280:
24365 *,+.-/-10 =@?BADC9E©FHGI?KJ;
Page 281 and 282:
§ | r q ¡ ‚ -ƒ&+,!¨ ¹ 8º ¨
Page 283 and 284:
*+, £3&¨ Á :!¨;¨'&)¨& ‡ -
Page 285 and 286:
¹ 8 P ¡ &¨&¨L>Q1!*&>%&¨¨)N!
Page 287 and 288:
¢¡¤£ "¥% ¢¦ ¦¥ £ !¥% ¹
Page 289 and 290:
¡ ¡ oYpVylz u r ot|}s ~ˆyf~m€
Page 291 and 292:
\^]8_^` ¹ 8%e S W217-/!.-/.6¨#)G
Page 293:
¹ 8%e Ë ¡ &¨&¨:¨cRG"¨c!d"
Page 296 and 297:
¡ ¡¤£ u r ot|}s]~lq6z u ~ôt{
Page 299:
"!$#%&'()*#+%© ©,©*.-/"10+243425
Page 302 and 303:
¢¡¤£ ¥ Â:ÁÃÏ`ÐÁÃÌRÌ
Page 304 and 305:
¢¡¡ ¥ Â:ÁÃÏ`ÐÁÃÌRÌ„
Page 306 and 307:
¢¡¡ ¥ Â:ÁÃÏ`ÐÁÃÌRÌ„
Page 308 and 309:
¢¡ £ ¥ Â:ÁÃÏ`ÐÁÃÌRÌ„
Page 310 and 311:
( ¡ ¥ Â:ÁÃÏ`ÐÁÃÌRÌ„Ð
Page 312 and 313:
( £ ¥ Â:ÁÃÏ`ÐÁÃÌRÌ„Ð
Page 314 and 315:
( ¥ Â:ÁÃÏ`ÐÁÃÌRÌ„ÐÑ_
Page 316 and 317:
( ¥ Â:ÁÃÏ`ÐÁÃÌRÌ„ÐÑ_
Page 318 and 319:
( £ ¥ Â:ÁÃÏ`ÐÁÃÌRÌ„Ð
Page 321 and 322:
©;©-"!AM'(©\'(UW©!A4©$;'(!A©)
Page 323 and 324:
á@ÇËHÌãÄË É€ÑOÂ:ÇÌ„
Page 325:
%&T'(#¡ T©©^|i)h©:;'(#ZP"U%>-g
Page 328 and 329:
¥!`t § '"# 6 ” ¥ ©'!`¥¤ !|#
Page 331 and 332:
«Y© !V·¨§ "4 ¸ &Œ³ V³ ¦
Page 333 and 334:
§ ¡? £ Ï"8©`;'(!AW'N< |Λ| ©%
Page 335:
B = u n ∆ρ − [ n x ∆(ρu) +
Page 338 and 339:
#9%©:dM'(9G#5'(!T")©T©:©©2 ¢*
Page 340 and 341:
¤¡ ¨ ¢ÙØ â¿S[{B3\©©,
Page 342 and 343:
£ § ¤ § ¨ ¤ 7 4©¡ ¤ x ¥*
Page 344 and 345:
§ ¤ § ¨ ¤ 7 4©¡ ¤ x ¥ +¥
Page 346 and 347:
§ ¤ § ¨ ¤ 7 4©¡ ¤ 5Û 5 ¥
Page 348 and 349:
£ § ¤ § ¨ ¤ 7 4©¡ ¤ HÚ
show all

N Â¡Â¢Â¤Â¦Â¡Â¦ TH"SE prÃ©sentÃ©e pour obtenir le titre de DOCTEUR ... - cerfacs

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?