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[ÜNİDAP Uluslararası Bölgesel Kalkınma Konferansı (Muş-2016) UNIDAP International Regional Development Conference (Mus-2016)] Ek Tablo:1 2002-2015 Yılları Arasında Türkiye’nin Kalkınma Tablosu 3 Ekonomik Büyüme (GDP Growth) Kişi Başına Düşen Gelir (GDP Per Capita) İşsizlik Oranları Enflasyon Oranı 2003: % 5,3 2003: 4.595 $ 2003: % 10,5 2003: % 25,3 2004: % 9,4 2004: 5.866 $ 2004: % 10,8 2004: % 10,6 2005: % 8,4 2005: 7.129 $ 2005: % 10,6 2005: % 10,1 2006: % 6,9 2006: 7.736 $ 2006: % 10,2 2006: % 9,6 2007: % 4,7 2007: 9.312 $ 2007: % 10,3 2007: % 8,8 2008: % 0,7 2008: 10.379 $ 2008: % 11 2008: % 10,4 2009: % -4,08 2009: 8.626 $ 2009: % 14 2009: % 6,3 2010: % 9,2 2010: 10.135 $ 2010: % 11,9 2010: % 8,6 2011: % 8,8 2011: 10.604 $ 2011:% 9,8 2011: % 6,5 2012: % 2,1 2012: 10.660 $ 2012: % 9,2 2012: % 8,9 2013: % 4,1 2013: 10.971 $. 2013: % 10. 2013: % 7,5. 3 Bknz: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?page=2, http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?page=2, http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?page=2, http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG?page=2. 527
Öz [ÜNİDAP Uluslararası Bölgesel Kalkınma Konferansı (Muş-2016) UNIDAP International Regional Development Conference (Mus-2016)] Bölgesel Kalkınma Uygulamaları ve Doğu Anadolu’da Kırsal Yoksulluk Serdar NERSE 1 Türkiye, uzun bir süreden beri uyguladığı teşvik sisteminden vazgeçmiş ve bölgesel gelişime dayalı yeni ekonomi-politik anlayış eksenindeki kalkınma uygulamalarına başlamıştır. Bu çerçevede araştırmanın konusu, eski ve yeni kalkınma uygulamalarının kırsal eşitsizliğe etkilerine ve aynı zamanda kalkınma uygulamalarının yoksulluk düzeylerine etkilerini inceleyeceğiz. Kırsal alandaki yeni uygulamalar, kırsal toplumsal kalkınmada ciddi yararlar sağlayabilir. Ancak uygulama ve politikaların büyük bölümünün bölgesel bileşenlerden uzak olması kırsalda yoksulluğu ve eşitsizliği derinleştirmektedir. Bu çalışmada kırsal yoksulluk bir bölge örneğiyle ele alınmıştır. Kırsal yoksulluğu uygulamalı bir şekilde açıklamak için TRA2 Bölgesi’nden köyler seçilmiştir. Uygulamada, TRA2 Bölgesi’nden katılımcılarla derinlemesine görüşmeler yaptık. Doğu Anadolu’da yoksulluk durumu köylülerle yapılan derinlemesine görüşmelerle nitel bir çerçevede analiz edildi. TRA2 Bölgesi’nde hayvancılık, tarım desteklerinden yararlanma durumu, diğer faaliyetler, gelir ile yoksulluk arasındaki ilişkisi sorgulanmıştır. Analizler neticesinde, yoksulluk ve eşitsizlik temelli sınıfsal yapıya dair ayrımlar ortaya çıktı. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kır Sosyolojisi, Kırsal Bölgesel Kalkınma, Yoksulluk, Tabakalaşma ve Eşitsizlik, Kırsal Sınıf Regional Development Implementations and Rural Poverty in theEastern Anatolia Abstract Turkey has abandoned its system of incentives implemented since a long time and has started regional development applications which based on the new axis of politicaleconomy approach. The main subject of this research is to determine the effects of old and new development applications on rural inequality and we will look the impact of development applications on the poverty levels at the same time. New applications in rural areas can provide significant benefits for rural community development. However, the majorityof practices and policies which are far from the regional components has been deepening rural poverty and inequality. In this study, it is discussed TRA2 which is a NUTS 2 region as a sample of rural poverty. In practice, we conducted in-depth interviews with participants from TRA2 region. Poverty situation in Eastern Anatolia were analyzed with villagers in-depth interviews in the framework of qualitative research. Livestock, availability of agricultural subsidies, other activities, the relationship between income and poverty situaiton in the TRA2 1 Dr. Arş. Gör., Batman Üniversitesi, Sosyoloji Bölümü, serdarnerse@yahoo.com 528
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