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A manual of the pwo karen dialect

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For a collection <strong>of</strong> persons or animals. ဝၩ့ //e.g. An association. ဆၧအီၪကီၪ့ကဝၩ့<br />

For plots <strong>of</strong> ground ကဝၩ့ //e.g. a field ဆံ ၬကဝၩ့<br />

For places လး //e.g. a garden ဎု ၬကလး<br />

For felled logs ကု ၭ //e.g. a log <strong>of</strong> wood ၥံ ၪ့ကကု ၭ<br />

For felled trees ဖု ၫ //e.g. a teak log ပယံ ၪကဖု ၫ<br />

For sides <strong>of</strong> things ခီၫ //e.g. two legs ခၪ့နံၫခီၫ<br />

For conveyances ခိၪ //e.g. three carts လဲၪ့ၥံ ၪၥၧၫ့ခိၪ<br />

For recurrent things ဆၫ့ //e.g. a verse <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> song ဆၧၥၭအွ ံ ၪအပူၭကဆၫ့<br />

For words မီၫ့ //e.g. two words ဆၧချဲၩ့နံၫမီၫ့<br />

For flowers ဖၭ //e.g. three flowers ဖီၫၥၧၫ့ဖၭ<br />

For apertures or openings ဖၧၩ့ //e.g. four windows တရၫ့လံဖၧၩ့<br />

For an indefinite number မံ ၩ့ //e.g. any name မံ ၩ့ကမံ ၩ့မံ ၩ့<br />

For songs or poems ယွ ့ //e.g. three hymns ဆၧၥၭအွ ံ ၪၥၧၫ့ယွ ့<br />

For a term, or time ထီ //e.g. four seasons အထီလံထီ<br />

For names. ဖျိၪ့ //e.g. four names မံ ၩ့လံ ဖျိၪ့<br />

RULE 15. The word နး is used sometimes for <strong>the</strong> numeral လ or က, thus<br />

One book လံၬနးဘံ ၪ့<br />

One loaf ကိၪနးဘံ ၪ့<br />

One coat ပလူၬနးဘံ ၪ့<br />

One patso ၡၫ့နးဘံ ၪ့<br />

Also it may be used in a negative sense, thus,<br />

Not a little နးဆံၭအ့ ၬ<br />

Never နးကၠၪအ့ ၬ -- နးဆိၬအ့ ၬ<br />

RULE 16. (1) Completeness is expressed by placing a noun or numeral between ထၧၫ့ and ယၫ<br />

The whole book လံၬထၧၫ့ဘံ ၪ့ယၫ<br />

The whole country ခးထၧၫ့ခးယၫ<br />

The entire road ဖၧၩ့ၥၭထၧၫ့ဘီၩ့ယၫ<br />

The whole time အဆၧၫ့အထီ ထၧၫ့ထီယၫ<br />

The whole earth ဂၪ့ခိၪ ထၧၫ့ဖျိၪ့ယၫ<br />

(2) A complete number may be expressed by affixing လူၬ to any one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> ordinal numerals.<br />

Both men ၦၡၩၥံ ၪ နံၫဂၩလူၬ<br />

All three men ၦၡၩၥံ ၪ ၥၧၫ့ဂၩလူၬ<br />

All three boats ချံၫၥံ ၪ ၥၧၫ့ဖျိၪ့လူၬ<br />

All three houses ယံ ၪ့ၥံ ၪ ၥၧၫ့ဖျိၪ့လူၬ<br />

All three horses ကၥ့ ၪၥံ ၪ ၥၧၫ့ဒု ၩလူၬ<br />

All three carts လဲၪ့ၥံ ၪ ၥၧၫ့ခိၪလူၬ<br />

(3) The numeral, က, _one_, with a reduplicated numeral affix is used in referring indefinitely to one person or<br />

thing.<br />

Some man ၦၡၩကဂၩဂၩ<br />

Some elephants ကဆၫ့ၥံ ၪ ကဒု ၩဒု ၩ<br />

Some fowls ဆၫ့ၥံ ၪ ကဘံ ၪ့ဘံ ၪ့<br />

Some books လံၬၥံ ၪ ကဘံ ၪ့ဘံ ၪ့<br />

Some houses ယံ ၪ့ၥံ ၪ ကဖျိၪ့ဖျိၪ့<br />

Some trees ၥံ ၪ့ၥံ ၪ ကထံၭထံၭ<br />

7

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