EAZA Yearbook 2007/2008 - European Association of Zoos and ...

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Yellow-breasted capuchin EEP Annual Report 2007 - 2008 1. Programme information Yellow-breasted capuchin Cebus xanthosternos EEP established in 2000. Goal(s) Percentage of gene diversity 90% saved in 100 years. 2. Programme personnel Species Coordinator Jean-Marc Lernould (Mulhouse) Species Committee members Raymond van der Meer (Amersfoort) Frank Rietkerk (Apeldoorn) Andreas Pauli (Berlin-tierpark) Mark Pilgrim (Chester) Rüdiger Dmoch (Frankfurt) Wim Verberkmoes (Kerkrade) Alex Sliwa (Koln) Thierry Petit (Les-mathes) Pierre Grothmann (Magdeburg) Pierre Moisson (Mulhouse) Jean-Pascal Guery (Romagne) Tracey Moore (Shaldon) Robert Zingg (Zurich) Nutritional advisor Jean-Marc Lernould (Mulhouse) Veterinary advisor Jean-Marc Lernould (Mulhouse) Pierre Moisson (Mulhouse) EEP
3. Activities Species Committee Last election: Last meeting: 21 September 2002 Barcelona-zoo Yellow-breasted capuchin EEP Annual Report 2007 - 2008 Conservation activities [Cebus xanthosternos] is considered as one of the 25 most endangered primates in the world by the Primate Specialist Group/SSC of IUCN. The [in situ] conservation/research programme for [C. xanthosternos] started in 2001 under the leadership of Dr. Maria Cecilia Martins Kierulff, PhD. I) First part of the conservation/research programme: survey of remaining populations of [C. xanthosternos] from January 2002 to July 2004. - Identification of all remaining forests in the historical range of the species (~800 km from North to South, 400 km from West to East) with satellite photos. - Interviews with local residents and hunters to determine if the capuchins are present or not in the forests: 491 interviews (221 positives, 240 negatives, 30 presences in the past). - Confirmation of presence in selected areas with camera traps: 16 areas confirmed. - Determination of population densities (Linear Transects / Distance): 489 km of transects = 0.037 individuals/ha (range: 0.022 to 0.065). The largest population is surviving in Una Reserve: 9.200 ha with 5.500 ha of forest = 203 individuals (range: 121 to 357). - The research team estimates that the total population [C. xanthosternos] is about 3.500 individuals. Conclusion: despite the fact that a number of small populations have been discovered in remote regions and that the total population is higher than expected, the conservation status of the species remains critical. After 5 centuries of deforestation, the extreme fragmentation of habitat has left only small forest blocks often separated by great distances, and there is a high hunting pressure, including for the capture of pets (40 capuchins were found in captivity during the survey of which 29 were [C. xanthosternos]). A VORTEX simulation showed that the biggest problem is hunting: a viable population can survive more than 100 years in a fragment of 3.000 ha without large catastrophe and hunting. Some fragments of 1.000 to 3.000 ha are still present. However, if hunting continues 9.000 ha are not enough for a population to survive more than 100 years. II) Second part of the conservation/research programme: study of ecology and behaviour of [C. xanthosternos]: see research paragraph. III) Other projects in development for the conservation of [C. xanthosternos] 1) Augmentation of the number of protected areas with support to the farmers willing to implement private reserves (encouraged by Brazilian laws). 2) Organisation of the captive breeding programme in Brazilian zoos. There are more than 500 [Cebus spp.] and numerous hybrids in more than 40 zoos, hence there are difficulties in finding space for privately kept yellow-breasted capuchin monkeys that should be confiscated! At the end of 2008 CPRJ, 5 zoos and a private collection (together with 61 individuals) participate in the programme. The private collection has more capuchin monkeys that still need to be confirmed as [C. xanthosternos]. In addition, the zoo of Salvador has a big group of [C. xanthosternos] that is apparently pure. Details are expected about their origin. There are about 30 wild-born capuchins kept in private hands that will enter the breeding programme when space in zoos will become available. 3) Production of educative material about [C. xanthosternos] conservation. IV) Support of EEP: The EEP participants support the [in-situ] conservation programme since 2002. Together with other donors (CEPA, ZGAP and non EEP zoos), they contributed a total of 148,000€ from 2002 to 2008. The contribution was 19,000€ in 2008 for the 2009 programme. Research activities Second part of the [in situ] conservation/research programme: study of ecology and behaviour of [C. xanthosternos]: In three sites: since November 2003 in Una Biological Reserve, since September 2004 in Capitão Private Reserve and in 2006 in the forests of the Michelin rubber-tree plantation. Until September 2005, the monitoring by habituation of a group to the presence of researchers was a very difficult and time consuming task. Now three groups are monitored with radio-telemetry, one in each site. These scientific researches in the field are very important to understand the ecology of the yellow-breasted capuchin monkey in order to define the best conservation strategies in the future. At the same time, it allows young Brazilian scientists to get experience with conservation field activities. Reports of the research are sent every year to the [C. xanthosternos] EEP members. Genetic research: In 2007 a genetic study of Cebus species was initiated in Brazil and a number of yellow-breasted capuchin monkeys of Brazilian institutions have already been sampled for this study. In July 2008 information was received that a female of São Paulo Zoo is presumed as specific hybrid. The wild-born father and grand-father of this female are still alive at CPRJ but the wild-born grand-mother is dead. All have a precisely known geographic origin in the distribution area of the species, where no other Cebus species occurs, and are the first founders of the captive population of CPRJ. Therefore there is no logical explanation possible if this case of hybridisation is confirmed. Several individuals in Europe are descending from the same founders. Dr. Christian Roos of German Primate Center, Göttingen, kindly agreed at the end of 2008 to make a genetic study of yellow-breasted capuchins in European institutions, and to compare the results with those of the Brazilian research. Blood samples of key individuals of the European population will be sent to Dr. Roos in spring 2009. EEP
Page 1 and 2: EAZA Yearbook 2007/2008 Please note
Page 3 and 4: 3. Managing surplus males, particul
Page 5 and 6: Discrepancy notes Black howler monk
Page 7 and 8: Grey-legged douroucouli ESB Annual
Page 9 and 10: Variegated spider monkey EEP Annual
Page 11 and 12: Brown-headed spider monkey EEP Annu
Page 13 and 14: Brown-headed spider monkey EEP Annu
Page 15 and 16: 1. Programme information Woolly mon
Page 17 and 18: 1. Programme information Red titi C
Page 19: 5. Status Status and developments o
Page 23 and 24: and director of CPRJ Alcides Pissin
Page 25 and 26: White-throated capuchin ESB Annual
Page 27 and 28: 5. Status Status and developments o
Page 29 and 30: Notes Saimiri boliviensis boliviens
Page 31 and 32: 5. Status Status and developments o

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