EAZA Yearbook 2007/2008 - European Association of Zoos and ...

EAZA Yearbook 2007/2008 

Please note that this document is one chapter of the EAZA Yearbook 2007/2008. Please visit the EAZA 

website to download the other chapters or the complete Yearbook: 

http://www.eaza.net/activities/cp/Pages/yearbook.aspx 

EAZA Cebid TAG 

Contents 

Please click on the programme name to jump to the report. 

TAG Report (by Frank Rietkerk) 

Black howler monkey (Alouatta caraya) ESB (by John Partridge) 

Red-legged douroucouli (Aotus azarai boliviensis) ESB (by Shelly Parkes) 

Grey-legged douroucouli (Aotus lemurinus griseimembra) ESB (by Shelly Parkes) 

Variegated spider monkey (Ateles belzebuth hybridus) EEP (by Pierre Gay) 

Brown-headed spider monkey (Ateles fusciceps robustus) EEP (by Pierre Gay) 

Red-faced black spider monkey (Ateles paniscus) EEP (by Brice Lefaux) 

Woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha) EEP (by Frank Rietkerk) 

Red titi (Callicebus cupreus) EEP (by Darren Webster) 

Yellow-breasted capuchin (Cebus xanthosternos) EEP (by Jean-Marc Lernould) 

White-throated capuchin (Cebus capucinus) ESB (by Jan Vermeer) 

Black-capped squirrel monkey (Saimiri boliviensis) EEP (by Jan Vermeer) 

Common squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) EEP (by John Pullen) (No report available) 

White-faced saki (Pithecia pithecia) EEP (by Kirsten Pullen)

EAZA Cebid TAG Annual Report 2007 - 2008 

1. Information on organisation, structure and activities of the TAG 

TAG chair: 

TAG vice-chair: 

Frank Rietkerk, Apeldoorn f.rietkerk@apenheul.nl 

Kirsten Pullen, Paignton kirsten.pullen@paigntonzoo.org.uk 

TAG members: Pierre Gay (Doue-fontaine) 

Jean-Pascal Guery (Romagne) 

Brice Lefaux (Doue-fontaine) 

Jean-Marc Lernould (Mulhouse) 

Helena Olsson (Eskilstuna) 

Shelly Parkes (Marwell) 

John Partridge (Bristol) 

John Pullen (Marwell) 

Jan Vermeer (Romagne) 

Darren Webster (Blackpool) 

TAG advisors: General 

Behavioural 

Taxonomy 

Veterinary 

Sharon Redrobe, Bristol, Clifton & West of England Zoological Society 

Nutritional 

Conservation 

Research 

Educational 

Current EEPs: Variegated spider monkey (Ateles belzebuth hybridus) 

Brown-headed spider monkey (Ateles fusciceps robustus) 

Red-faced black spider monkey (Ateles paniscus) 

Red titi (Callicebus cupreus) 

Yellow-breasted capuchin (Cebus xanthosternos) 

Woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha) 

White-faced saki (Pithecia pithecia) 

Black-capped squirrel monkey (Saimiri boliviensis) 

Common squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) 

Current ESBs: Black howler monkey (Alouatta caraya) 

Red-legged douroucouli (Aotus azarai boliviensis) 

Grey-legged douroucouli (Aotus lemurinus griseimembra) 

White-throated capuchin (Cebus capucinus) 

TAG meeting: Date of last meeting: 19 September 2009 

Last meeting hosted at Antwerpen Zoo (Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp). 

Regional 

Collection Plan: 

Has a RCP been published? Yes 

Most recent edition published in 2004. 

Publications: Bóveda-Penalba, A.J., Vermeer, J., Rodrigo, F and Guerra-Vásquez, F. (2009) Preliminary report on the 

distribution of Callicebus oenanthe on the Eastern Feet of the Andes. International Journal of Primatology 30, 467- 

481 

2. Information on developments during 2007 - 2008

3. 

Managing surplus males, particularly through housing them in bachelor groups or in multi-male, multi-female groups for suitable 

species is an ongoing problem in some of the programmes (spider monkeys, white-faced saki monkeys). There are issues of space 

availability, and conflict for space between some subspecies (e.g. the spider monkeys and the capuchins). For capuchins priority is 

to be to the yellow-breasted capuchin. 

The common squirrel monkey programme is under development. However there are concerns about the provenance of the animals 

within the studbook downloaded from ISIS, and whether they are pure common squirrel monkeys. The studbook will be redeveloped 

starting with a small group of known animals to avoid problems, and build up from there. John Pullen is stepping down as 

coordinator. Charlotte Macdonald (RZSS Edinburgh) will be taking over. 

There is a potential crisis in the yellow- breasted capuchin programme as the descendants of one of the founder females have a 

markedly different genetic profile, leading to the inference of hybridization, although the female in question was wild caught in the 

correct area. Currently the programme has stopped breeding from the offspring of this female. If she is confirmed as a yellowbreasted 

capuchin, the offspring will be taken off contraception. New holders for the yellow-breasted capuchin are needed. 85% of 

the capuchins in captivity are hybrids and not on the recommended list. Breeding in these needs to be stopped and space prioritised 

for the yellow-breasted capuchin. 2.1 animals are due in from Sao Paulo in 2009 and at least 6 more females from Rio in 2010. The 

EEP is continuing to support research and conservation in Brazil. Ongoing research focuses on understanding the ecology of this 

species, also acting as an opportunity for young Brazilian scientist to get involved in fieldwork. 

There are opportunities in the red titi studbook for new holders. Holders for the red titi are strongly encouraged to get involved with 

the conservation project (Proyecto Mono Tocon). Darren Webster is recommending that pairs consist of an experienced animal 

paired with an inexperienced animal to encourage the survival of first offspring in new pairs. Jointed husbandry guidelines for the red 

titi and the white-faced saki monkey are in preparation. 

Proyecto Mono Tocón - The objectives of this Project were to determine the distribution and conservation status of the San Martin 

titi (Callicebus oenanthe), and determine an appropriate conservation strategy. The survey included 96 localities and found a larger 

distribution than previously suggested, although there is some concern about whether this comprises another species. This titi 

suffers from deforestation (by immigrants from other regions) and poaching. The San Martin titi is highly endangered despite having 

a larger distribution than expected; the IUCN status will be changed from vulnerable to endangered. During 2008 the study was 

continued and an education-coordinator was employed. A paper was submitted to the International Journal of Primatology and the 

Proyecto Mono Tocón newsletter was started. 

The woolly monkey programme does suffer from several species, including diet, and large captive groups have crashed. More 

information is needed from the wild, particularly on composition of the diet. 

An update on contraception in Cebids and the activities of EGZAC (the European Group for Zoo Animal Contraception) was given. 

EGZAC is working closely with the AZA to increase knowledge of European experiences with contraceptives. 

TAG goals for 2009 

- Undertake space survey for key species (e.g. yellow-breasted capuchins). 

- Continue with EEP monitoring. 

- Assess need for a workshop focusing on ´surplus´ males in the breeding programmes. 

- Increase holders for yellow-breasted capuchins and red titi monkeys. 

- Continue and increase support for the conservation initiatives associated with the breeding programmes (yellow-breasted 

capuchins and Proyecto Mono Tocon).

1. Programme information 

Black howler monkey Alouatta caraya 

ESB established in 1994. 

Goal(s) 

Percentage of gene diversity 90% saved in 100 years. 

2. Programme personnel 

European Studbook Keeper 


3. Publications 

Studbook 

Recent edition: 

2005 

Next edition: 2010 

Husbandry guidelines 

4. Status 

Not yet published. 

Status and developments over the year 2007 - 2008 

Black howler monkey 

Alouatta caraya 


ESB Annual Report 2007 - 2008 

No EAZA zoos non-EAZA zoos 

New reply Participants Status 1 Jan. Births (DNS) In 

Out 

In 

Out 

Deaths 

ESB 

APELDOORN 2.4.0 3.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 5.4.0 

BANHAM 2.3.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 1.4.0 

BERLIN-ZOO 1.1.0 0.2.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.3.0 

BLACKPOOL 3.3.0 1.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 4.4.0 

BRISTOL 2.1.0 1.0.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.1.1 

EDINBURGH 4.1.0 2.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.1.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 5.1.0 

GDANSK 1.2.0 1.0.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 1.2.1 

HAMERTON 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

JERSEY 2.2.0 2.2.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 3.4.0 

JERUSALEM 2.2.0 2.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 4.2.0 

LISBOA-ZOO 2.3.1 0.1.1 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.1 1.1.1 

LYMPNE 7.8.0 2.2.3 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 8.9.3 

* MONTPELLIER 0.0.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 2.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 1.2.0 

NEWCHURCH 2.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 1.0.0 

PAIGNTON 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

PARIS-ZOO 3.2.0 3.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 0.0.0 5.1.0 

STUTTGART 4.1.0 1.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 4.2.0 

SZEGED 1.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 1.1.0 

TWYCROSS 11.11.0 1.6.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 2.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.3.0 10.13.0 

* WROCLAW 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.2.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

31. Dec. 

Total (20) 51.49.1 19.17.6 (0.0.0) 6.2.0 6.2.0 0.2.0 1.1.0 8.9.1 61.58.6

Discrepancy notes 


Alouatta caraya 

Summary 



APELDOORN The status on 1 January 2007 is 2.4.0 instead of 2.2.2 as listed on 31 December 2006. 2U sexed as 2F. 

BANHAM The status on 1 January 2007 is 2.3.0 instead of 2.2.1 as listed on 31 December 2006. 1U sexed as F. 

EDINBURGH The status on 1 January 2007 is 4.1.0 instead of 2.1.2 as listed on 31 December 2006. 2U sexed as M. 

HAMERTON The status on 1 January 2007 is 1.1.0 instead of 0.0.0 as listed on 31 December 2006. No reply received in 2006. 

NEWCHURCH The status on 1 January 2007 is 2.1.0 instead of 2.0.0 as listed on 31 December 2006. 

TWYCROSS The status on 1 January 2007 is 11.11.0 instead of 9.12.2 as listed on 31 December 2006. 

The number of animals in this ESB continue to increase. Some population management will need to begin soon with genetically over-represented 

animals not being allowed to continue to breed. 

New holders for this ESB are required. Several animals are available. The studbook keeper can offer advice regarding animal husbandry including 

enclosure design and diet requirements. 

ESB

Red-legged douroucouli 



Red-legged douroucouli Aotus azarai boliviensis 


Goal(s) 






Studbook 


2006 



4. Status 



Red-legged douroucouli 

Aotus azarai boliviensis 



Out 

In 

Out 

Deaths 

* BERLIN-TIERPARK 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

Summary 

ESB 

BUDAPEST 2.2.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 2.2.0 

FRANKFURT 3.3.0 0.1.2 (0.0.2) 0.0.0 1.1.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

KERZERS 2.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 1.0.0 

OLOMOUC 2.4.0 0.0.2 (0.0.1) 0.0.0 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.1 0.2.0 

PLZEN 2.3.0 1.0.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.2.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.1.1 

PRAHA 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.2.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

RANDERS 2.0.1 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.1 2.0.0 

RIGA 1.2.0 2.1.0 (1.0.0) 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.3.0 

SZEGED 1.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 

SAARBRUCKEN 0.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.2.0 

USTI-NAD-LABEM 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

Total (12) 16.16.1 4.2.5 (1.0.3) 3.4.0 3.4.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 3.1.2 15.15.1 

Non-EAZA Institutions (3) 4.3.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 4.3.0 

In December 2008 the studbook was handed over to the new studbook keeper Shelly Parkes at Marwell Wildlife. Data discrepancies are still being 

investigated and an up to date studbook publication is expected for 2010. 

31. Dec.

Grey-legged douroucouli 



Grey-legged douroucouli Aotus lemurinus griseimembra 


Goal(s) 






Studbook 


2006 



4. Status 




Aotus lemurinus griseimembra 



Out 

In 

Out 

Deaths 

ESB 

AMERSFOORT 1.4.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 0.0.0 1.4.0 

AMSTERDAM 1.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

BRISTOL 1.1.0 1.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 2.1.0 

DORTMUND 1.2.0 0.0.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.1 1.1.0 

EMMEN 1.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

FRANKFURT 1.1.0 1.0.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.1 1.1.0 

GOSSAU 2.2.0 0.1.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 1.2.1 

JIHLAVA 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

KERZERS 13.9.1 1.1.6 (0.0.2) 2.1.0 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.1 14.9.4 

LILLE 1.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 

LONDON 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.1.0 

MARWELL 2.2.0 0.2.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.4.0 

* MONTPELLIER 0.0.0 2.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.1.0 

Summary 

MOSKVA 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

OPOLE 1.4.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.4.0 

SHALDON 1.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 

WHIPSNADE 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 

WROCLAW 2.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

ZAGREB 1.2.3 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.3 

Total (19) 33.35.4 5.6.9 (0.0.2) 3.3.0 3.2.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 3.4.3 34.36.8 


The studbook was handed over to the new studbook keeper Shelly Parkes at Marwell Wildlife in December 2008. Data discrepancies are still being 

investigated and an up to date studbook publication is expected for 2010. 

31. Dec.

Notes 



A difference in transfers in/out between EAZA zoos arises from a discrepancy in species assignment in two institutions. This will be further 

investigated. 

ESB

Variegated spider monkey 

EEP Annual Report 2007 - 2008 


Variegated spider monkey Ateles belzebuth hybridus 

EEP established in 2000. 

Goal(s) 



Species Coordinator 

Pierre Gay (Doue-fontaine) 

3. Activities 

Species Committee 

Last election: 

Last meeting: 

Conservation activities 

Not specified. 

Research activities 



Studbook 


17 September 2007 Leipzig 

2007 



5. Status 




Ateles belzebuth hybridus 



Out 

In 

Out 

Deaths 

EEP 

BARCELONA-ZOO 2.4.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.4.0 

DOUE-FONTAINE 2.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 2.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

ERFURT 2.3.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.3.0 

* FRANKFURT 1.1.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

* KOBENHAVN-ZOO 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 4.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 4.0.0 

* PAIGNTON 2.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.0.0 

Summary 

ROMAGNE 5.5.0 3.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.1.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 6.7.0 

STUTTGART 1.6.1 1.2.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.7.1 

TWYCROSS 1.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

Total (9) 16.23.1 6.4.0 (0.0.0) 5.1.0 5.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 21.27.1 

Problems: 

The percentage of known origin (39%) is bad making genetic analyses unreliable. Therefore we should all make an effort to answer to the next 

questionnaire that will underline the unknown origin. It is expected that this effort will considerably improve the management, notably in case of 

interregional exchange (Colombia, North America). 

31. Dec.



The small number of animals in the population makes it vulnerable for sudden mortality of a high percentage of the population due to random events 

(epizooty, stochastic events, etc.); especially because there are only few breeding groups. 

The genetic situation of the variegated spider monkey (Ateles hybridus) population is not good: Few founders, low genetic diversity, over 

representation of few blood lines. Almost all individuals in the population have a certain degree of kinship. 

Recommendations for the next year(s): 

The recommendations are based on the wanted and available list of members. Breeding is necessary and we must discuss the place of this species 

in the Regional Collection Plan in the future as it is obviously in competition with other Cebids species. 

The maximum avoidance of inbreeding is the main tool used to slow down the loss of genetic diversity but this will not be sufficient at the long term. It 

is suggested to import one or more new bloodlines from other regions in the world. Moreover, with our relative good breeding, the EEP is in the 

position to offer some animals in exchange that could help other regions confronted with similar problems. In accordance to the Memorandum of 

Understanding (MoU) signed between ALPZA and EAZA, the EEP sent a letter in winter 2007/2008 initiating the discussion on the import of captive 

born animals from Colombia to Europe (males and females). The EEP is awaiting the answer of the Colombian authorities. 

EEP

Brown-headed spider monkey 



Brown-headed spider monkey Ateles fusciceps robustus 


Goal(s) 




Pierre Gay (Doue-fontaine) 

3. Activities 



Last meeting: 






Studbook 


17 September 2003 Leipzig 





EEP

5. Status 



Ateles fusciceps robustus 





Out 

In 

Out 

Deaths 

EEP 

AALBORG 2.1.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

ANTWERPEN 3.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.2.0 

APELDOORN 2.5.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 2.5.0 

BALLAUGH 2.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.1.1 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.1.1 

BANHAM 3.4.1 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.1 3.4.0 

BELFAST 2.5.0 0.1.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 1.5.1 

BEST_NE 1.3.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.4.0 

BLACKPOOL 1.3.1 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.3.1 

CHARD 1.2.1 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.1.1 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

CHESSINGTON 1.5.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.5.0 

CHESTER 3.6.0 2.0.2 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.1 4.6.1 

COLCHESTER 9.12.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 2.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 8.11.0 

DALTON-FURNESS 1.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

DEBRECEN 2.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.2.0 

DOUE-FONTAINE 4.8.0 1.2.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 4.9.1 

DUDLEY 1.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

EMMEN 3.13.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.2.0 3.11.0 

* ESKILSTUNA 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 2.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.1.0 

FALCONARA 3.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 2.0.0 

FOTA 1.2.1 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.3.1 

JOHANNESBURG_NE 2.1.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.1.0 

* KRISTIANSAND 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 5.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 5.0.0 

Summary 

LA-FLECHE 3.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.2.0 3.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

LANDAU 4.8.0 3.1.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.2.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 6.7.1 

LISBOA-ZOO 1.3.0 0.0.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.3.1 

MULHOUSE 1.3.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.3.0 

MUNCHEN 2.4.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.4.0 

OSNABRUCK 1.3.0 0.4.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 1.6.1 

PLEUGUENEUC 3.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.0.0 

PONT-SCORFF 4.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 4.0.0 

ROMANECHE 1.1.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 2.0.0 

SINGAPO-ZOO_NE 2.6.0 0.0.2 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.1 3.6.1 

ST-AIGNAN 1.4.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.4.0 

SZEGED 1.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

TAMWORTH_NE 2.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.2.0 2.0.0 

TWYCROSS 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

WUPPERTAL 4.8.0 0.2.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 3.9.0 

31. Dec. 

Total (37) 78.121.4 11.14.9 (0.0.0) 11.4.1 11.4.1 0.1.0 0.0.0 5.10.3 84.126.10 

The EEP population still increases with a growth rate of 1,02 for 2007/2008. The number of births increased compared to previous years. The 

percentage of known origin is better year after year due to the research done by the holders, permitting better and more reliable analyses. 

There were no special mortality problems in 2007-2008. A new institution joined the EEP, Kristiansand Zoo, and will form a bachelor group. A certain 

number of institutions are keeping only one individual, some of which have not replied to request from the EEP for many years. These institutions are



not considered to help the EEP population in any way in the near future. Hence it was decided to exclude these institutions from the analysis and to 

try to contact them directly to discuss their (future) participation in the programme. 

Problems: 

Surplus of males 

The European population is, fortunately, in a good position and will continue to be if we respect the basic genetic rules. In theory it is possible to 

maintain a genetic diversity of more than 90% for 200 years. However, increasing the population results in an increase of both males and females. 

The way Colombian black spider monkeys (and spider monkey in general) are kept means this will result into increased problems with placing males. 

In 2007 the EEP needed to place 9 surplus males and in 2008 13 males. 

Alternative ways to manage spider monkeys are therefore important to consider. In the wild, the social structure is based on male bonding and it are 

the females who migrate from their native group to another breeding group. It needs to be explored whether the wild situation can also be applied to 

the EEP. 

Breeding limitation 

Using PM200 modeling, it can be clearly shown that the population is increasing too rapidly and unequally looking at the founder representation. That 

does not mean that we have to stop breeding but we will try in the next years to limit breeding in certain groups for a period of time. The best way to 

fulfill this objective has to be discussed but it is clear that it should be done one way or another. It is felt that the reproduction in a group should not 

be stopped completely but that some females in the group should receive temporary contraceptives, e.g. for a period of 2 or 3 years. In this way 

breeding groups can remain intact and breeding will still occur which is important for learning maternal care, behavioural enrichment and exhibition 

value). 

Recommendations for the next year(s): 

The recommendations are based on the wanted and available list of members. As mentioned above the EEP needs more places for non breeding 

males. The EEP is therefore looking for new participants. A new institution in Scandinavia will shortly enter in the EEP offering a big enclosure to a 

bachelor group. 

EEP


Red-faced black spider monkey Ateles paniscus 


Goal(s) 





3. Activities 



Last meeting: 

Red-faced black spider monkey 



A rescue mission has been conducted by Gaiapark, La Vallée des Singes and Zoo de Doué-la-Fontaine in French Guyana in 2006. Six females, that 

could not be rehabilated and released has been exported to Europe and were integrated in the EEP. 




Studbook 





5. Status 



Red-faced black spider monkey 

Ateles paniscus 



Out 

In 

Out 

Deaths 

EEP 

AMSTERDAM 1.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

BERLIN-ZOO 2.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 1.0.0 

COLWYN-BAY 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

* KERKRADE 0.3.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.3.0 

LONDON 1.2.1 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.1 

* ROMAGNE 0.3.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.3.0 

Summary 

TWYCROSS 4.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.1.0 

Total (7) 9.13.1 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 3.0.0 3.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 9.12.1 

With only 22 individuals, this population is not viable and risks extinction. The EEP definitively need more births in the coming years in order to 

increase the number of individuals. 

31. Dec.


Woolly monkey Lagothrix lagotricha 


Goal(s) 


Target population size A= 100 and B= 100 

Additional comments 

Woolly monkey 


Maintaining gene diversity at 90% is not possible - with the current population, it would seem that only a bit over 70% can be maintained. Importation 

of new stock of known origin is not impossible but will not be considered until current uncertainties about best husbandry practices are largely 

resolved. 



Frank Rietkerk (Apeldoorn) 

Species Committee members 

Jacqueline Ruys (Apeldoorn) 

Warner Jens (Apeldoorn) 

Teresa Abello (Barcelona-zoo) 

Jacob Huber (Basel) 

Wim Verberkmoes (Kerkrade) 

Neil Bemment (Paignton) 


John Ray (Twycross) 

Alison Cronin (Wareham) 

Veterinary advisor 

Jeanette van der Wal (Apeldoorn) 

3. Activities 



Last meeting: 


19 September 2008 Antwerpen 


Apenheul and La Vallée des Singes have contributed to Ikamaperu, an organisation based in Moyobamba (Peru) that concerns itself with the rescue 

and rehabilitation of confiscated woolly monkeys. 

Since 2005, Apenheul has also been involved in another Peruvian NGO, Ucumari, which aims to conserve large areas of pristine cloud forest in the 

Peruvian Andes near Los Chilchos and Leymebamba to safeguard the future of the endangered yellow-tailed woolly monkey (Lagothrix flavicauda). 


A small number of research projects on woolly monkeys were carried out, focussing on diet, mortality and the effect of the degree of hybridisation on 

the general fitness of an individual. Some of these results will be presented during a Woolly monkey EEP meeting in 2009 and will then be 

distributed among the holders. 


Studbook 






EEP

5. Status 


Woolly monkey 

Lagothrix lagotricha 

Woolly monkey 




Out 

In 

Out 

Deaths 

EEP 

AGRATE 2.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 1.0.0 

APELDOORN 2.4.0 1.2.0 (1.1.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 2.4.0 

AVINTES 1.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 

BASEL 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

KERKRADE 1.2.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.3.0 

LOOE_NE 7.3.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.2.0 7.1.0 

ROMAGNE 3.5.0 3.0.2 (2.0.2) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.3.0 4.2.0 

TWYCROSS 9.3.0 2.1.0 (2.1.0) 0.0.0 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 8.2.0 

WAREHAM 4.5.0 3.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 7.7.0 

YOKOHAMA_NE 4.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 3.2.0 

Total (10) 34.25.0 9.5.2 (5.2.2) 0.1.0 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.6.0 35.22.0 

* Non-EAZA Institutions (2) 6.5.0 2.0.0 (2.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.2.0 6.3.0 

Summary 

Notes 

Population size continues to decline; main reasons are still a high perinatal mortality, cardiovascular disease in adults and an increasingly small 

number of breeding females. Most of the animals are hybrids, but there are still a few pure animals in institutions that participate in this EEP. Pure 

Lagothrix cana are still held at Looe (0.1.0) and Yokohama (2.2.0). One male Lagothrix lagotricha is still at Quintasi; one pure Lagothrix lugens 

female at Monkeyworld and three male Lagothrix poeppigii at Apeldoorn (1.0.0), Basel (1.0.0) and Kerkrade (1.0.0). In the two years 2007/2008, 

there were 18 births, of which 11 did not surivive (or were stillborn). 

Warner Jens is the studbook keeper for the Woolly monkey EEP. 

31. Dec.


Red titi Callicebus cupreus 


Goal(s) 


Additional comments 

No analysis completed to date 



Darren Webster (Blackpool) 



Jacob Huber (Basel) 


Graham Catlow (Edinburgh) 


Bo Jonsson (Stockholm-aqua) 

Red titi 


EEP

3. Activities 



Last meeting: 

17 October 2007 Warszawa 

Red titi 



Collections in the Red titi (Callicebus cupreus) EEP financially contribute to the Proyecto Mono Tocón conservation project established in 2007. The 

conservation initiative established by the conservation association of La Valleé des Singes (Romagne) France, Le Conservatoire pour la Protection 

des Primates, conserves the endangered San Martin titi monkey, Callicebus oenanthe (known locally in Peru as mono tocón). 

The San Martin titi is one of three endemic primate species found in Peru and can only be found in the San Martin Department (north-eastern Peru). 

The first identification of the San Martin titi monkey, preserved at the British Museum, occurred in 1924 from a specimen collected from 

Moyombamba. Until 2003 the species was only known at two other locations, Yuracyacu and Rio Seco at a similar altitude to Moyombamba. 

Goals of Proyecto Mono Tocón 

• To create protected areas for the San Martin titi monkey; 

• To support the management of existing protected areas; 

• To push for the implementation of national nature and conservation law; 

• To conduct research on the habitat and social behaviour of the San Martin titi monkey; 

• To implement environmental education. 

The primary aim of Proyecto Mono Tocón is to research the distribution of the San Martin titi resulting in the first detailed research programme on 

the distribution of any titi species. It has since been found by the project that the habitat of the San Martin titi is larger than estimated suggesting the 

importance of conserving this species. Besides research and the education programme established in 2007 in San Martin educational 

establishments, other conservation initiatives are currently being devised to determine the most relevant initiative to enforce taking the project into 

Phase 3. 

*All text taken from ‘Proyecto Mono Tocón: project proposal for the 3rd stage, 2009’. For further information on the project please contact Jan 

Vermeer at La Valleé des Singes Primate Park (Romagne) (jan.vermeer@telfort.nl) or refer to Proyecto’s website www.proyecto-mono-tocon.org. 


In situ research was carried out as the main goal of Proyecto Mono Tocon within 2007 and 2008 to research the distribution of titi species within the 

San Martin Department of North-Eastern Peru. The found distribution range of the San Martin titi monkey following this research is being used to 

initiate the creation of a protected reserve (the development of a management plan including determination of perimeters, biodiversity, vegetation 

cover etc.). Throughout 2009 the project aims to further research the distribution and taxonomy of titi monkeys. 

Ex situ research on Red titi monkeys has occurred at various institutions over the last five years. Following a comparative study of the captive diets 

and feeding regimes of Red titi monkeys within EEP collections in 2005 various other studies have been carried out to assist in the establishment of 

Husbandry Guidelines, to be completed and published 2010/11. Other research involving Red titi monkeys includes ´The effects of duet playbacks, 

noise levels and visitor numbers on titi monkeys´, ´Quadrupedal locomotion in Primates: The comparison of forelimbs and hind limbs in primates 

and other Non-primate mammals´ and ´Primate monogamy: A behavioural comparison of five Anthropoid species at Blackpool Zoo´. Further 

research on EEP animals housing and husbandry will be carried out over the next two years to assist in the publication of Red titi Husbandry 

Guidelines. 


Studbook 






EEP

5. Status 


Red titi 

Callicebus cupreus 

Red titi 




Out 

In 

Out 

Deaths 

EEP 

APELDOORN 1.1.0 1.0.1 (0.0.1) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.1.0 

BASEL 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 

BERLIN-ZOO 1.6.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 0.4.0 

BLACKPOOL 8.6.0 0.1.1 (0.1.1) 0.0.0 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.2.0 5.3.0 

BRISTOL 2.1.0 1.0.0 (1.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 1.1.0 

EDINBURGH 1.1.0 0.1.0 (0.1.0) 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 1.1.0 

* EPE 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

* LONDON 0.0.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

ROMAGNE 6.6.0 1.3.1 (0.1.1) 1.1.0 1.3.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 7.6.0 

* SHALDON 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 2.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.1.0 

STOCKHOLM-AQUA 5.1.0 2.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 3.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 4.1.0 

* TWYCROSS 0.0.0 1.0.0 (1.0.0) 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 


Red titi 

Callicebus cupreus 

Summary 

Total (12) 25.23.0 6.6.3 (2.3.3) 7.6.0 7.6.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.4.0 26.22.0 

BERLIN-ZOO The status at 1 January 2007 is 1.6.0 instead of 2.6.0 as listed on 31 December 2006. Death of 1.0 not reported 

prior to studbook published in 2006. 

Throughout 2007 and 2008 the population of Red titi monkeys has remained stable with a starting and ending population of 48 animals (26.22). 

Within this time period the population has seen many births, deaths and completed recommendations. Furthermore, four collections have joined the 

EEP (Epe (NL), London (GB), Shaldon (GB) and Twycross (GB)) taking the number of participants from eight to twelve. By the end of 2007 there 

were a total of 16 groups of Red titi monkeys held in eleven collections increasing to a total of 19 groups in 12 collections at the start of 2009. 

Within 2007 the breeding programme saw seven (2.4.1) births compared to eight (4.2.2) in 2008. Of these 15 births, eight (2.3.3) did not survive. 

With regards to deaths between 2007 and 2008 this increased from one animal only in 2006 to three males in 2007 and four females in 2008. 

Unfortunately for the breeding programme and the collection Blackpool Zoo (GB) suffered its first adult deaths since keeping the species. Varying 

causes of deaths have been found including two siblings from the main breeding group dying of unrelated illness, one Yersiniosis and the other the 

prolonged swelling of the face from an unknown cause with an inconclusive post mortem. The third adult male that died within 2007 occurred at 

Bristol Zoo (GB) with suspected Pneumonia. Three of the four females who died in 2008 were sadly breeding females including two from Blackpool 

and one from Edinburgh. One of these females died from Yersiniosis and the other two from unknown causes as did the further female at Berlin Zoo 

(DE). To assist in the preservation and knowledge of the species all dead specimens are sent to Edinburgh Museum under the supervision of 

Andrew Kitchener, the Scientific Advisor to the Red titi EEP. 

Throughout 2007 and 2008 a total of 13 transfers have been realised with only one not as an official breeding recommendation. Within 2007 six 

transfers occurred establishing new pairings at two collections, London (GB) and Twycross (GB). Shaldon (GB) received a bachelor pair within 2007 

to establish a breeding group once they had received a female. Within 2008 a total of seven transfers occurred including the transfer of a female 

from Romagne (FR) to Shaldon (GB) following her quarantine period at Banham (GB). 

Although the population has not grown within the period of 2007 and 2008 the amount of potential breeding pairs has increased giving optimism for 

the coming years. There is also currently a good list of collections waiting to participate in the EEP should the opportunity become available. As part 

of the commitment of current participating EEP collections to titi monkey conservation each collection financially contributes to Proyecto Mono Tocon 

and furthermore, all new collections joining will be asked to also contribute to the project. 

31. Dec.

Yellow-breasted capuchin 



Yellow-breasted capuchin Cebus xanthosternos 


Goal(s) 






Raymond van der Meer (Amersfoort) 


Andreas Pauli (Berlin-tierpark) 

Mark Pilgrim (Chester) 

Rüdiger Dmoch (Frankfurt) 

Wim Verberkmoes (Kerkrade) 

Alex Sliwa (Koln) 

Thierry Petit (Les-mathes) 

Pierre Grothmann (Magdeburg) 

Pierre Moisson (Mulhouse) 


Tracey Moore (Shaldon) 

Robert Zingg (Zurich) 

Nutritional advisor 




Pierre Moisson (Mulhouse) 

EEP

3. Activities 



Last meeting: 

21 September 2002 Barcelona-zoo 




[Cebus xanthosternos] is considered as one of the 25 most endangered primates in the world by the Primate Specialist Group/SSC of IUCN. The [in 

situ] conservation/research programme for [C. xanthosternos] started in 2001 under the leadership of Dr. Maria Cecilia Martins Kierulff, PhD. 

I) First part of the conservation/research programme: survey of remaining populations of [C. xanthosternos] from January 2002 to July 2004. 

- Identification of all remaining forests in the historical range of the species (~800 km from North to South, 400 km from West to East) with 

satellite photos. 

- Interviews with local residents and hunters to determine if the capuchins are present or not in the forests: 491 interviews (221 positives, 240 

negatives, 30 presences in the past). 

- Confirmation of presence in selected areas with camera traps: 16 areas confirmed. 

- Determination of population densities (Linear Transects / Distance): 489 km of transects = 0.037 individuals/ha (range: 0.022 to 0.065). The 

largest population is surviving in Una Reserve: 9.200 ha with 5.500 ha of forest = 203 individuals (range: 121 to 357). 

- The research team estimates that the total population [C. xanthosternos] is about 3.500 individuals. 

Conclusion: despite the fact that a number of small populations have been discovered in remote regions and that the total population is higher than 

expected, the conservation status of the species remains critical. After 5 centuries of deforestation, the extreme fragmentation of habitat has left only 

small forest blocks often separated by great distances, and there is a high hunting pressure, including for the capture of pets (40 capuchins were 

found in captivity during the survey of which 29 were [C. xanthosternos]). 

A VORTEX simulation showed that the biggest problem is hunting: a viable population can survive more than 100 years in a fragment of 3.000 ha 

without large catastrophe and hunting. Some fragments of 1.000 to 3.000 ha are still present. However, if hunting continues 9.000 ha are not enough 

for a population to survive more than 100 years. 

II) Second part of the conservation/research programme: study of ecology and behaviour of [C. xanthosternos]: see research paragraph. 

III) Other projects in development for the conservation of [C. xanthosternos] 

1) Augmentation of the number of protected areas with support to the farmers willing to implement private reserves (encouraged by Brazilian laws). 

2) Organisation of the captive breeding programme in Brazilian zoos. There are more than 500 [Cebus spp.] and numerous hybrids in more than 40 

zoos, hence there are difficulties in finding space for privately kept yellow-breasted capuchin monkeys that should be confiscated! 

At the end of 2008 CPRJ, 5 zoos and a private collection (together with 61 individuals) participate in the programme. The private collection has 

more capuchin monkeys that still need to be confirmed as [C. xanthosternos]. In addition, the zoo of Salvador has a big group of [C. xanthosternos] 

that is apparently pure. Details are expected about their origin. 

There are about 30 wild-born capuchins kept in private hands that will enter the breeding programme when space in zoos will become available. 

3) Production of educative material about [C. xanthosternos] conservation. 

IV) Support of EEP: 

The EEP participants support the [in-situ] conservation programme since 2002. Together with other donors (CEPA, ZGAP and non EEP zoos), they 

contributed a total of 148,000€ from 2002 to 2008. The contribution was 19,000€ in 2008 for the 2009 programme. 


Second part of the [in situ] conservation/research programme: study of ecology and behaviour of [C. xanthosternos]: 

In three sites: since November 2003 in Una Biological Reserve, since September 2004 in Capitão Private Reserve and in 2006 in the forests of the 

Michelin rubber-tree plantation. 

Until September 2005, the monitoring by habituation of a group to the presence of researchers was a very difficult and time consuming task. Now 

three groups are monitored with radio-telemetry, one in each site. 

These scientific researches in the field are very important to understand the ecology of the yellow-breasted capuchin monkey in order to define the 

best conservation strategies in the future. At the same time, it allows young Brazilian scientists to get experience with conservation field activities. 

Reports of the research are sent every year to the [C. xanthosternos] EEP members. 

Genetic research: 

In 2007 a genetic study of Cebus species was initiated in Brazil and a number of yellow-breasted capuchin monkeys of Brazilian institutions have 

already been sampled for this study. 

In July 2008 information was received that a female of São Paulo Zoo is presumed as specific hybrid. The wild-born father and grand-father of this 

female are still alive at CPRJ but the wild-born grand-mother is dead. All have a precisely known geographic origin in the distribution area of the 

species, where no other Cebus species occurs, and are the first founders of the captive population of CPRJ. Therefore there is no logical 

explanation possible if this case of hybridisation is confirmed. 

Several individuals in Europe are descending from the same founders. 

Dr. Christian Roos of German Primate Center, Göttingen, kindly agreed at the end of 2008 to make a genetic study of yellow-breasted capuchins in 

European institutions, and to compare the results with those of the Brazilian research. Blood samples of key individuals of the European population 

will be sent to Dr. Roos in spring 2009. 

EEP


Studbook 





5. Status 




Cebus xanthosternos 





Out 

In 

Out 

Deaths 

EEP 

AMERSFOORT 1.3.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.4.0 

APELDOORN 5.5.0 2.0.2 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 6.4.2 

BERLIN-TIERPARK 4.1.0 2.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 5.1.0 

CHESTER 5.1.0 1.0.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 6.1.1 

COLCHESTER 1.4.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.2.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.2.0 

EDINBURGH 2.0.0 1.0.1 (0.0.0) 4.2.0 2.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.1 5.2.0 

FRANKFURT 6.4.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.3.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 6.1.0 

KERKRADE 2.1.0 2.0.2 (0.0.0) 0.2.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.2 4.3.0 

KOLN 1.1.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.2.0 

LES-MATHES 3.3.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 4.3.0 

* LISBOA-ZOO 0.0.0 0.0.1 (0.0.0) 2.3.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.3.1 

MAGDEBURG 7.4.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 4.2.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 4.2.0 

MONCHIQUE 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 

MULHOUSE 2.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.1.0 

* NEWQUAY 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 2.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.0.0 


ROMAGNE 4.3.0 1.3.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.2.1 5.4.0 

SHALDON 1.1.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.1.0 

ZURICH 8.2.0 2.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 10.2.0 

Total (18) 53.34.0 17.4.8 (0.0.0) 8.9.0 8.9.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.2.4 68.36.4 


Cebus xanthosternos 

Summary 

AMERSFOORT The status on 1 January 2007 is 1.3.0 instead of 1.2.1 as listed on 31 December 2006. 1U sexed F. 

CHESTER The status on 1 January 2007 is 5.1.0 instead of 4.1.1 as listed on 31 December 2006. 1U sexed M. 

MAGDEBURG The status on 1 January 2007 is 7.4.0 instead of 9.2.0 as listed on 31 December 2006. 2F sexed M by error. 

ROMAGNE The status on 1 January 2007 is 4.3.0 instead of 3.3.1 as listed on 31 December 2006. 1U sexed M. 

Historical summary: 

The yellow-breasted capuchin monkey breeding programme is a part of a global conservation programme that has been designed in 1992 by IBAMA, 

the Brazilian governmental agency for environment and renewable resources, and is managed by an international committee, now called 

“International Committee for the Conservation of the Primates of Northern Atlantic Forest and Caatinga”. 

The captive breeding programme was an initiative, in 1980, of Pr. A. Coimbra Fliho, founder and director of the Rio de Janeiro Primate Center 

(CPRJ). The breeding programme started in Europe in Mulhouse Zoo in 1990 following an agreement of collaboration between director Dr. 

Jean-Marc Lernould and Pr. Coimbra Filho, with the support of the IUCN SSP Primate Specialist Group. 

The EEP was established in 2000 with Jean-Marc Lernould as coordinator. 

European zoos willing to participate in the breeding programme have to be approved by the Brazilian Ministry of Environment through the Instituto 

Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade-ICMBio, http://www.icmbio.gov.br, (until 2007 it was through IBAMA), and are strongly encouraged 

to support in situ conservation. They have to accept the rules established by the international committee that have precedence on those of EEPs and 

are more constraining. Jean-Marc Lernould, member of the International Committee, is the link between ICMBio and the EEP. 

The studbook (Brazilian & European regional) was last published in 2008, including Brazilian institutions, by EEP coordinator Jean-Marc Lernould 

31. Dec.

and director of CPRJ Alcides Pissinatti. 



Evolution of the EEP participation: 

In 2003, 9 zoos: Amersfoort, Apeldoorn, Chester, Colchester, Frankfurt, Magdeburg, Mulhouse, Romagne, Zürich. 

In 2004, 12 zoos: additions were Berlin Tierpark, Les Mathes and Shaldon. 

In 2005, 14 zoos: additions were Koln and Kerkrade. 

In 2006, 16 zoos: additions were Monchique and Edinburgh. 

In 2007, 17 zoos: additions were Lisbon and Beauval. Omega Parque (Monchique) closed. 

In 2008, 17 zoos. 

Evolution of the EEP population of yellow-breasted capuchin monkeys: 

Between 1990 and 2000, 21 individuals were sent from the CPRJ to Europe. 

At the end of 2000: 36 individuals in the EEP 

At the end of 2001: 42 individuals 




At the end of 2005: 76 individuals (without update from Magdeburg) 


At the end of 2007: 95 individuals 

At the end of 2008: 108 individuals 

The transfers to Europe of 6/8 females from the CPRJ, and of 2 males and 1 female from São Paulo zoo, are expected. 

On 01/01/2001, after the last transfers from the Rio Primate Center in 2000, there were 36 Yellow-breasted capuchin monkeys in 7 European zoos. 

After 8 years, the population increased to 108 individuals in 16 zoos. 

This is a very good progression and more zoos are needed to expand the breeding programme in Europe and support [in-situ] conservation and 

research activities. 

EEP


White-throated capuchin Cebus capucinus 


Goal(s) 







Studbook 





4. Status 



White-throated capuchin 

Cebus capucinus 





Out 

In 

Out 

Deaths 

ESB 

AMIENS 2.3.0 0.0.2 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.3.2 

APELDOORN 2.6.0 1.3.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 1.2.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.7.0 

BOCHUM 2.3.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 2.3.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 

BUSSOLENGO 1.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 

CHESSINGTON 3.3.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 3.3.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 

KERKRADE 4.5.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 4.5.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 

LYON 2.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.2.0 

NOVOSIBIRSK 2.3.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.3.0 

ROMAGNE 9.6.0 2.1.0 (1.0.0) 0.0.0 3.2.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 6.5.0 

* WROCLAW 0.0.0 0.0.1 (0.0.0) 4.5.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 4.5.1 



Cebus capucinus 

Summary 

Total (10) 27.31.0 3.4.3 (1.0.0) 5.5.0 13.15.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 20.25.3 


BOCHUM The status on 1 January 2007 is 2.3.0 instead of 3.2.0 as listed on 31 December 2006. Male sb#182 was 

incorrectly sexed and is in fact a female. 

Non-EAZA Institutions (6) 1.3 (?) in Ekaterinburg (RUS) are now entered as lost to follow up. No reply for 2 years. This explains the 

difference between 17.20.2 (31 Dec 2006) and 16.19.0 (1 Janaury 2007). 

There was a slight increase in the population during 2007 and 2008 (more females than males). 

During 2007, a large number of 23 animals (25% of the total population!) were transferred. 

An old male from Frejus (non-EAZA) was introduced to the breeding group of Apeldoorn. There was no infanticide although a female was carrying a 

baby at the time of the introduction and another female gave birth shortly after introduction. This male is a very friendly animal. 

Experience at Romagne indicates that it is probably not advisable to introduce a young male in a cohesive breeding group. 

Bochum, Frejus and Kerkrade stopped with this species in 2007. Two new institutions joined the program: Induna Primates and parrots park (South 

Africa) and Miejski Ogrod Zoologiczny Wroclaw (Poland). Chessington stopped in 2008. 

31. Dec.



This species may compete for space with the more endangered Cebus xanthosternos. As the ESB population is probably a mix of different 

subspecies, it is better to limit breeding to avoid an excessive growth of this population. Zoos should consider to use contraceptive for (some of) their 

females. Romagne has successfully used implants (Implanon (r), 1/6th of an implant) with Cebus apella and Cebus capucinus. Neutered males 

seem easy to keep in their native group (Romagne has several males, between 3 and 6 years old, still in the breeding group). 

All institutions are asked to please share their experience with contraceptives with the studbook keeper. 

In December 2008/January 2009 the ESB keeper has changed from Jan Vermeer to Jean-Pascal Guery remaining to be supported by la Vallee des 

Singes, Romagne (France). 

ESB

Black-capped squirrel monkey 



Bolivian squirrel monkey Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis 

Peruvian squirrel monkey Saimiri boliviensis peruviensis 


Goal(s) 







Bernard Holdijk (Epe) 

Lars Versteege (Hilvarenbeek) 

Ute Magiera (Osnabruck) 

3. Activities 



Last meeting: 





Le Pal: aggression in bachelor group. 

Battersea and London: environment and behaviour. 

Publications: 

FERON, C. (2007). Comportements sociaux et agressions au sein d’un groupe de deux espèces de saïmiris mâles. Master Thesis. [study into male 

agression in a bachelor group] 


Studbook 





Published in 2006. 

EEP

5. Status 


Bolivian squirrel monkey 

Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis 





Out 

In 

Out 

Deaths 

EEP 

ALFRISTON 14.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.0.0 12.0.0 

AMIENS 8.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 7.0.0 

AMSTERDAM 0.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 0.2.0 

APELDOORN 34.86.0 43.30.9 (11.3.8) 4.0.0 36.20.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.9.1 34.84.0 

ASSON_NE 4.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.0.0 2.0.0 

BALLAUGH 10.6.1 0.0.6 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 9.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.2 1.6.5 

BASEL 12.8.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 11.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 1.7.0 

BATTERSEA_NE 3.8.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.2.0 4.6.0 

* BENIDORM 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 9.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 9.0.0 

BERN 1.8.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 1.7.0 

BESANCON 2.7.0 2.1.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 2.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 2.8.0 

BOSSIERE-DORE 3.3.0 4.3.0 (0.0.0) 6.14.0 2.2.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.3.0 10.15.0 

BRUGGEN_NE 3.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 2.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.0.0 2.0.0 

CHESSINGTON 1.8.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.8.0 

DARMSTADT 1.22.0 2.4.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 3.25.0 

DETMOLD_NE 6.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 5.0.0 

DOMPIERRE 2.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 2.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 

DOUE-FONTAINE 13.8.0 3.4.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 10.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.3.0 5.9.0 

* DUBLIN 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 9.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 9.0.0 

* EBELTOFT 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 4.15.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 4.15.0 

EMMEN 2.16.0 0.0.3 (0.0.3) 1.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.4.0 2.12.0 

FRANKFURT 1.4.0 2.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.3.0 

HEIDELBERG 6.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 6.0.0 0.0.0 

* HERBERSTEIN 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 7.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 7.0.0 

HILVARENBEEK 11.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.0.0 9.0.0 

IDUNA_NE 4.6.0 0.0.3 (0.0.3) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 4.6.0 

* IEPER 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 2.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.0.0 

KERKRADE 20.34.0 12.9.0 (1.0.0) 0.0.0 12.14.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.0.0 17.29.0 

LAGOS_NE 8.0.0 0.0.1 (0.0.0) 2.5.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 9.4.1 

LISBOA-ZOO 3.4.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.2.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 3.4.0 

LJUBLJANA 3.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.0.0 

LONDON 0.11.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 2.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.11.0 

* MARLOW 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 9.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 9.0.0 

* MONTPELLIER 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 8.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 7.0.0 

* MULHOUSE 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 9.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 2.0.0 0.0.0 6.0.0 

MUZILLAC 6.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 4.0.0 

NOVOSIBIRSK 1.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 

NURNBERG 5.9.0 0.0.3 (0.0.0) 2.0.0 2.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 5.9.3 

* NYIREGYHAZA 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 6.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 6.0.0 

NYKOBING_NE 8.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 4.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 4.0.0 

ODENSE 19.17.0 4.3.2 (0.0.2) 0.0.0 14.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 4.1.0 5.19.0 

OLDENBURG_NE 3.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.0.0 0.0.0 

OPOLE 8.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 8.0.0 0.0.0 

OSNABRUCK 1.6.0 3.0.1 (3.0.1) 1.0.0 2.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.6.0 

OVERLOON 6.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 5.0.0 

PARIS-JARDIN 5.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 4.0.0 

PEAUGRES 3.9.0 1.0.0 (1.0.0) 3.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 5.7.0 

* PELISSANE 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 4.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 4.0.0 

REICHSHOF_NE 21.28.0 15.7.2 (2.1.2) 2.0.0 3.0.0 0.0.0 3.0.0 5.3.0 25.31.0 

* ROMANECHE 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 8.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 7.0.0 

31. Dec.



* SABLES-OLONNE 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 6.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.0.0 3.0.0 

EEP 

SALZBURG-ZOO 2.4.0 0.0.3 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 2.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.4.3 

SIGEAN 10.10.0 3.5.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 4.0.0 3.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 13.15.0 

STUTTGART 3.9.0 0.3.1 (0.1.1) 1.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 2.10.0 

SAARBRUCKEN 5.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 2.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 5.0.0 

* VESZPREM 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 9.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 9.0.0 

Total (56) 281.333.1 96.69.34 (18.5.20) 123.37.0 122.37.0 4.0.0 5.0.0 56.35.3 303.362.12 

Peruvian squirrel monkey 

Saimiri boliviensis peruviensis 



Out 

In 

Out 

Deaths 

AMNEVILLE 2.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.0.0 

BETTEMBOURG 13.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 12.0.0 

CHAMPREPUS 7.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 7.0.0 

EPE 5.16.0 4.8.2 (0.0.2) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 9.23.0 

* ESKILSTUNA 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 13.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 13.0.0 

* FALCONARA 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 8.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.0.0 6.0.0 

Summary 

PLEUGUENEUC 12.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 11.0.0 

ROMAGNE 24.47.0 20.17.7 (7.10.7) 1.0.0 21.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.7.0 17.47.0 

Total (8) 63.63.0 24.25.9 (7.10.9) 22.0.0 22.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 3.8.0 78.70.0 

Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis: 

A few participants did not send their data before the 1st of March, despite several reminders. Some of the mutations of these institutions could be 

found in the ISIS database. 

The EEP population increased in 2007and 2008. However, the number of groups that reproduced successfully decreased in 2007, but increased in 

2008. This is positive, but most of the zoos (73% in 2007; 65% in 2008) that had viable offspring have animals that are related to the Apeldoorn 

bloodline. Very positive is the fact that Ballaugh bred well with a male of the new bloodline that was imported from South-Africa, but this male 

unfortunately died in 2009. Doué la Fontaine had offspring from a male of another new bloodline that came from a French laboratory. 

New groups in La Boissière and Lagos started to breed and the change of males in Doué la Fontaine, Salzburg and Sigean resulted in good breeding 

results. 

Osnabruck was less lucky with the outcome of the pregnancies, but the fact that the females became pregnant after the change of males is very 

promising for the future of the group. 

Saimiri boliviensis peruviensis: 

The EEP population of this subspecies increased with very well. The groups in Romagne had a good quantity of pregnancies, but it is extremely 

frustrating that a large number ends in premature births. Epe had fewer pregnancies as the last few years, and it is time to change their breeding 

male. 

31. Dec.

Notes 

Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis: 



In 2007 there was no successful breeding in 50% of the zoos with a potential breeding group. In 2008 the breeding results were slightly better (66%). 

Reasons for this failure are various, and not always easy to change. It is hoped that an exchange of males will result in breeding in some of the 

groups that did not breed successfully. 

With the committee we are discussing some important issues for the future of the program. We have to make decisions on the participation of 

non-EAZA zoos and the requirements of zoos for receiving additional females or complete breeding groups. Research is still needed on nutrition and 

social behaviour. Surveys were conducted on housing and the introduction of new breeding males, the results can be found in the studbook. 

Due to the fact that we have little historical data on the population, it is difficult to make extensive analysis. However, some have been done and the 

results can be found in the studbook published in 2007. 

The easiest one that can be done is the age pyramid. It is estimated that now some 97% of the population has a known age. The other 3% were 

estimated when the EEP started. The age pyramid looks very healthy. We have a large number of young animals of all ages. Considering the social 

system of the species we would like to see more female offspring, but unfortunately it seems that there are more males born than females (births 

since 1995: 573 males, 429 females and 203 offspring of unknown sex). 

We see that breeding in females starts at around 3 years of age, and can continue until they are around 20 years old. However, the peak in their 

reproduction is between 7 and 14 year. 

The best age for breeding depends very much on the age that the male is introduced in a breeding group. We should also keep in mind that the 

figures for a male depend very much on the number of females in the breeding group. In some zoos there are only 3 to 5 breeding females, in other 

15 to 20! 

The mortality graph shows that there is a high neonatal mortality, and also a rise in mortality for animals older than 20 years. It is very important to 

notice that there is a raise of mortality in males between 3 and 6 years. This is a large problem for the population. These are often males that are 

genetically important, and the loss of these animals has very negative effects on the population. The problem is that these males have to leave their 

natal group at the age of 3 to 4 years, to make the introduction of a new breeding male possible. The young males are then too young to become 

breeding males in another group. Very few zoos with a breeding group have a smaller enclosure available where they can keep two or three males 

until they reach adulthood. Therefore these animals have to be transferred to other zoos where they are introduced in a larger bachelor group, or they 

are kept too long in their natal group, with the risk of aggression from the adult male. The result is that somehow mortality under these males is too 

high. The zoos that keep a breeding group should therefore also make a small enclosure for your males available, as it is also in their advantage to 

keep these males alive and available. 

To calculate the genetics of the population, a second set of data is entered in a special analysis-studbook. In this studbook, we use a worse-case 

scenario. Very little was known of the relationships within groups when the EEP started in 2001. However, thanks to the surveys that were done 

since 1995, we had good insights in the relationships between different groups. In fact, this was very easy, as very few zoos had exchanged animals 

with other zoos. This explained probably the poor breeding results of most zoos, and there must have been considerable inbreeding in many groups. 

To make a genetic management of the population possible, the analysis-studbook was set up. This studbook was working more with bloodlines, than 

with individuals. At the beginning, all animals of one group were supposed to be related as brothers and sisters. Through the exchange of males 

between zoos the genetic situation must have been improved. One of the problems in the population is the unequal founder distribution: some 75% 

of the population is related to the Apeldoorn bloodline. This means that exchanges of males must be done with great care; if we would introduce 

“apeldoorn-males” to unrelated groups, then in the future it would be impossible to prevent inbreeding in the population. Although there is sometimes 

a small lack of unrelated males (mainly because of the mortality discussed above) it is still possible to avoid the use “apeldoorn-males” for breeding. 

The table on the 2008 studbook shows very well the effect of the introduction of a new male on the reproductive results of the females. In most cases 

that introduction has stimulated the reproduction. It seems that females lose their interest in the male when they are longer than 3 or 4 years 

together, and regular exchanges of the males are therefore important. 

Saimiri boliviensis peruviensis 

The lack of unrelated males may become a problem in the near future. Romagne has initiated contacts with Peruvian authorities to import 

confiscated animals. 

Analyses of this population are also not very reliable, as the program is young and little reliable information was received on the original animals. The 

age pyramid makes it clear that we could use some more female births in the population. 

No information was received on the relationships of the original females, except that according to the broker some animals came from a different 

source. The behaviour of the females supports this, as the subgroup that came from the other broker indeed did not mix with the others. But even in 

the rest of the group there was a clear split up in two groups. For the genetics we assume that the three subgroups are unrelated, but animals within 

a subgroup may be related. The genetic relationship between the 7 original males was determined by DNA-analysis. 

All this information is used for the genetic management of this population. 

EEP


White-faced saki Pithecia pithecia 


Goal(s) 




Kirsten Pullen (Paignton) 


Gary Batters (Banham) 

Hayley Rothwell (Burford) 

Bernard Holdijk (Epe) 

Gunther Bigl (Halle) 

Kirsi Pynnonen-Oudman (Helsinki) 

Cyril Hue (La-fleche) 

Zsuzsa Petro (Nyiregyhaza) 

Aude Haelewyn-Desmoulins (St-aignan) 


Sharon Redrobe (Bristol) 

3. Activities 



Last meeting: 






Studbook 



16 September 2008 Antwerpen 

2006 




White-faced saki 


EEP

5. Status 



Pithecia pithecia 





Out 

In 

Out 

Deaths 

EEP 

ALFRISTON 2.3.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.3.0 

AMNEVILLE 2.2.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.3.0 

AMSTERDAM 1.2.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.2.0 

APELDOORN 4.3.0 0.1.2 (0.0.1) 1.0.0 3.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.4.1 

BANHAM 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

BARNSTAPLE_NE 1.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 

BASEL 1.2.0 0.2.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.4.0 

BEKESBOURNE 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 

BLACKPOOL 2.1.0 0.0.1 (0.0.0) 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.2.1 

BOSSIERE-DORE 3.1.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.3.0 

BRISTOL 2.1.0 2.0.0 (1.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.1.0 

COMBE-MARTIN_NE 4.2.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 3.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 1.3.0 

DORTMUND 1.1.0 0.0.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.1 

DOUE-FONTAINE 1.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

DUBLIN 2.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.2.0 

DUDLEY 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 3.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 3.1.0 

EBERSWALDE 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

EDINBURGH 1.1.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

EMMEN 0.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 2.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 1.1.0 

EPE 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 4.0.0 4.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

FOTA 2.1.0 0.0.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.1.1 

FRANKFURT 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

GETTORF_NE 4.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 2.1.0 

HALLE 2.5.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.2.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.3.0 

HELSINKI 2.3.0 1.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.4.0 

* IDUNA_NE 6.3.3 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 6.3.3 

JIHLAVA 2.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.1.0 

KERKRADE 1.1.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.1.0 

KOBENHAVN-ZOO 1.3.1 1.0.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.2.0 2.1.2 

KOLN 3.1.1 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.1.1 

KREFELD 5.3.0 2.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 2.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 5.3.0 

LA-FLECHE 2.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 2.1.0 

* LEEUWARDEN 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 4.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.0.0 

LILLE 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

LISBOA-ZOO 1.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 

LONDON 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

MAGDEBURG 3.1.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 2.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 

* MALTON 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 3.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.0.0 

MARWELL 2.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.2.0 2.0.0 

* MONTPELLIER 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.1.0 

* MOSKVA 1.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 

MULHOUSE 2.1.0 1.0.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.1.1 

MUNSTER 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

* NYIREGYHAZA 3.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.0.0 

* PARIS-ZOO 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

PEAUGRES 3.1.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.1.0 

POZNAN 0.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 

RANDERS 0.0.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

ROMAGNE 4.5.0 3.0.2 (0.0.1) 0.0.0 0.2.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 7.2.1 

SANTILLANA 1.1.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.1.0 

31. Dec.



EEP 

ST-AIGNAN 3.5.0 2.0.1 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 3.3.1 

STOCKHOLM-AQUA 3.2.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.2.0 

STUTTGART 2.4.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.3.0 

SZEGED 2.2.0 1.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 3.3.0 

TWYCROSS 1.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.1.0 

* USTI-NAD-LABEM 0.1.0 0.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 

Summary 

WHIPSNADE 1.1.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 1.0.0 1.2.0 

ZLIN 1.1.0 1.0.0 (0.0.0) 0.1.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 2.2.0 

ZURICH 2.3.0 0.1.0 (0.0.0) 0.0.0 1.0.0 0.0.0 0.0.0 0.1.0 1.3.0 

Total (59) 101.89.5 20.13.10 (1.0.2) 25.8.0 25.8.0 1.0.0 0.1.0 8.8.0 113.93.13 

The programme continues to increase in number. There is still a waiting list of zoos but analysis suggests that the programme will soon exceed 

target breeding and breeding must therefore be looked at more closely.

EAZA Yearbook 2007/2008 - European Association of Zoos and ...

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