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through the streets of the Punjabi villages of the Indian Punjab and penned down the
delightful days of the combined society of the pre-partition Punjab and the painful
experiences of the migration of 1947. He interviewed many including Nazr Tiwana
son of Khizr Hayat Tiwana and Sardar Swaran Singh. Ian Talbot and Gurharpal
Singh, Region and Partition compiled articles of various scholars covering the
partition of the Punjab and Bengal and its impacts but offered no chapter on the
Muslim-Sikh relations in the British Punjab. Ian Talbot, Punjab and the Raj, Khizr
Tiwana, Divided Cities, Freedom’s Cry and other valuables work on the British
Punjab mainly deal with the British rule and response of the Punjab communities
along with its impact on the stakeholders. He also extensively utilized the cultural
aspect in his writings. He has deeply observed the society, culture, religion, economy,
social classification and politics of the British Punjab and explored every aspect and
ups and downs of the combined society. His focus on the crowd studies is a valuable
contribution to the existing literature on the Punjab. Andrew J. Major, Return to
Empire: Punjab under the Sikhs and British in the mid-Nineteenth Century and
Joseph T. O’Connell, Sikh History and Religion in the Twentieth Century compiled
articles written by the eminent authors. Indu Banga took up the Sikh politics from
1940 to 1947 in an article (pp. 233-255). The editors of this book made a solid effort
in beautifying it with diverse subjects relating to the Punjab politics but produced
nothing noteworthy regarding the Muslim-Sikh relations. David Gilmartin, an
authority on the Punjab, mainly focuses in the book Empire and Islam, on the role of
the pirs, buried and alive in the crucial phase of the Punjab history. He tells as how
the message of Pakistan permeated the masses or other than the political elites of the
Punjab and how religion was used in the politics. Tai Yong Tan and Gyanesh
Kudaisya, The Aftermath of Partition in South Asia has a solid firm grip on the Punjab
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