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To Abdullah Sandhu, My Sweet Son v
Page 6 and 7: TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -
Page 8 and 9: Special thanks are due to the Highe
Page 10 and 11: AIML All-India Muslim League ABBREV
Page 12 and 13: disturb the Muslims and Sikhs in th
Page 14 and 15: presented by the League and the rea
Page 16 and 17: unaddressed. The East Punjab is sai
Page 18 and 19: xviii contains the stereotyped stor
Page 20 and 21: Sikh-Muslim Ta’aloqat (p. 176), h
Page 22 and 23: politics. Tai Yong Tan addresses th
Page 24 and 25: xxiv Mughal response to it cannot b
Page 26 and 27: xxvi among the national leaders. Th
Page 28 and 29: Notes 1 Jagjit Singh, The Sikh Revo
Page 30 and 31: The Islamic principles of egalitari
Page 32 and 33: then to Sikhism. 19 To Sibt-i-Hasan
Page 34 and 35: for the murder of Guru Arjun Dev. T
Page 36 and 37: Khalsa on that fateful day in 1699.
Page 38 and 39: to decorate the Golden Temple. The
Page 40 and 41: The other measure appreciated by th
Page 42 and 43: the writers abused the Muslim heroe
Page 44 and 45: identity maintained distance betwee
Page 46 and 47: a lot for the Muslims which confirm
Page 48 and 49: The issue of separate electorate re
Page 50 and 51: or recapture of the Punjab remained
Page 52 and 53:
India. The Sikhs opposed the divisi
Page 54 and 55:
Notes 1 Andrew J. Major, Return to
Page 56 and 57:
52 Joseph Davey Cunningham, History
Page 58 and 59:
CHAPTER ONE POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS
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After annexation of the Punjab, the
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The Sikh educational system in the
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ottom of the society; the British f
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The imperialistic impact through th
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communities could prove a united fr
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that they could secure a balanced p
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In forty-one municipalities where j
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communities. 69 This situation also
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By this, the Sikhs foretold about v
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issue of the Sikh representation. 9
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of fact the Lahore resolution or La
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communal policies. They once had ap
Page 84 and 85:
Furthermore, the Unionist Muslims w
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suicidal act to be aloof from the m
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protest against the Muslim raj in t
Page 90 and 91:
were roaming in the streets and the
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speeches just to be in the limeligh
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Source: K. C. Yadav, “The Partiti
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the Unionists could not do this des
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passed, a huge number of the Muslim
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secured high prices but had to use
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fraught with horrors and fears for
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Muslim-Sikh Friendly Relations Desp
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to transportation for life with for
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Heer Ranjha, 234 Sassi Punnu, Sohni
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oycott had been recorded on the ear
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Marhi masiti dha ke kar dio madana
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Rawalpindi Region The north Punjab
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The police held 55 Sikhs who came o
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Sikh landlords occasionally allowed
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Sikh processions for their Gurus an
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British Superintendent of Police an
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well. The peaceful rural Punjab had
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existed between the Sikh and League
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25 Ibid., 45-48. 26 The Time-lag th
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81 Prithipal Singh Kapur, Main Curr
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142 Sardar Kapur Singh, “Betrayal
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207 Satya M. Rai, Legislative Polit
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idols till the first decade of the
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freedom movement, the Sikh leadersh
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further stated that the war had mad
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Merely the democratic constitution
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The Sikhs would be contented if the
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favoured Gandhi’s campaign and co
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fraught with grave dangers. A resol
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ut were silent on counter proposals
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Akalis passed through Qadian chanti
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126 Tara Singh cut a poor figure in
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any rate must be defended. The Sikh
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while Master Tara Singh vividly dec
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the Unionists. For example, the sma
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Diwan at Rawalpindi on 17 March and
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and other Sikh states. 118 Unlike t
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Muslim-Sikh Tension 138 Although th
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meetings in Mandirs and Gurdwaras a
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abandon their meeting at Guru ka Ba
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scheme and by condemning the idea o
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scheme could not gain unanimous opi
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Sikh Conference in 1942 just becaus
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of Jinnah that he did not provoke c
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the Pakistan issue, by-elections an
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esponsible for this and he suggeste
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Akali policy of co-operation with t
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Assam joined the National Defence C
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Sikh of real importance on the All-
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The obvious course for the Sikhs to
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164 The Sikh Memorandum also had an
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166 The Intelligence report passed
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same language and demands adopted b
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Sikandar-Baldev Pact 1942 170 The b
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(Daily Milap), Mahashe Krishan (Dai
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projected that the Governor had pla
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India and being original nationalis
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Muslim-Sikh relations in all the ar
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years with a powerful voice at the
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was better to focus on Sir Sikandar
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Muslims and Sikhs were under the re
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intimidating the stakeholders with
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559. 25 Note by Major-General Lockh
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190 115 Sardar Kartar Singh MA, LLB
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204 Letter from Gandhi to Master Ta
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194 288 “The Sikh Problem,” fil
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196 This era presents deplorable sc
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198 Muslims and making them the kin
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200 Hayat Khan Tiwana as its Presid
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202 On 28-29 August 1943, a League
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204 the Muslim-Sikh relations but t
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206 Akalis remained critical of the
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208 would block the anti-nationalis
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210 continued opposition to the Aza
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212 October 1944, Master Tara Singh
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214 condemned the Sikhs who had par
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216 The Sikh community remained hig
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218 constant contact and guidance t
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220 while Master Tara Singh exhorte
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222 British, Gandhi and Jinnah. Mas
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Sapru Committee 224 In November 194
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226 In April 1944, the Communist pa
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228 in picture as to how the Punjab
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230 League. In Amritsar on 13-14 Ma
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232 Governor played entirely an und
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234 advised the Muslim landlords to
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236 under the traditions of loyalty
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238 Chhotu Ram died in 1945 which w
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240 leaders were presenting Sikhs a
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242 because they had opened all the
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244 number of the Muslims met the s
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246 from India. He resented the Aka
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248 India or Pakistan. 201 It was a
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In the Punjab the Sikhs are the onl
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252 The communal riots in Haripur,
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254 perpetrated by the Unionists to
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256 slogans in favour of Pakistan a
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258 up the all-India issue regardin
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260 question on the minority positi
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262 other blow was the death of Chh
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264 3000 grant annually to these pa
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266 Inqelab that the audited report
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Using Government Machinery 268 The
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270 the peaceful elections. It also
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272 The election results deepened t
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274 Master Tara Singh as the Chief
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276 of its government the Sikhs wou
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Chapter Three Notes 278 1 Letter fr
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86 FR, August 1944, L/PJ/5/247. 87
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165 Ibid., para. 178. 166 Mitra, Th
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284 262 ‘The Punjab Premier and P
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CHAPTER FOUR PUNJAB: TOWARDS GEOGRA
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288 bribery to cripple the League.
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290 reason which Wavell tried to im
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292 of the British officers (85%) b
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294 Premier and the Sikh members as
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296 the best solution of the commun
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298 communication and defensive rea
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300 what he had done previously reg
Page 330 and 331:
302 difficulties in Pakistan. He cl
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304 Cabinet Mission Proposals took
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306 Sikhs would certainly lose the
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308 Baldev Singh and Jinnah discuss
Page 338 and 339:
310 Muslim raj with the idea to hav
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312 to depute a Sikh delegation for
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314 personal benefits as Giani Kart
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316 and Sikhs. The main target of t
Page 346 and 347:
318 Constituent Assembly according
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320 who wanted to slaughter the cat
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322 volunteers and fund raising con
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324 The Police and local officials
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326 without the party’s permissio
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328 for the Sikh panth. The League
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330 The Unionists had been working
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332 Pakistan). To him, such words w
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334 Singh to form “a true and gen
Page 364 and 365:
336 Punjab Assembly incident in whi
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338 the innocent people and his own
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340 and Nawab Mamdot met on 29 Apri
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342 the boundaries of Ulster were r
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344 Punjab Kingdom back to the Sikh
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346 of the Punjab. The Akalis throu
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348 Sikh policeman was killed. All
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350 Governor reported that the Musl
Page 380 and 381:
352 On 9 May, clashes broke out in
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354 Gandhi’s intention might be g
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356 protection on the issues affect
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358 of the Muslims. It seems that J
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360 2 June commenting on the draft
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362 Kapur Singh, Jinnah met his fri
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364 point of focus as compared to L
Page 394 and 395:
366 July 1947, Raja Ghazanfar Ali K
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• Punjab be partitioned, • A Bo
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370 impress upon the Governor. The
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372 communitarian outlook of the re
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374 announcement. But the impartial
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of the parties and organisations. T
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378 to the hostile and irresponsibl
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380 dormant religion had risen at t
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36 Letter from Viceroy to the Secre
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384 “Taqseem-i-Punjab aur Patiala
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196 Pandit Thakur Das Bhargava, Rai
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388 275 Note by Major Short on 18 F
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390 353 Athar Nadeem, Taqsim-i-Punj
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392 Though the Muslims and Sikhs of
Page 422 and 423:
394 The two Lahore Resolutions have
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396 consent to this settlement. 6 T
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398 wisdom of a leader. Jinnah was
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400 to the stakeholders i.e., the L
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402 political parties in the Unioni
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404 political mandate. Unluckily, t
Page 434 and 435:
406 Dal were most of the time restr
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408 nothing. He shared with Nehru t
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410 way while the Sikh leadership a
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412 numerous follies which suffocat
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414 Sikhs continued following them
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416 action, even against the anti-B
Page 446 and 447:
418 responsible for the unfair dist
Page 448 and 449:
420 Commission Award. Mountbatten a
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422 anything about it but similarit
Page 452 and 453:
424 beginning, away from the Congre
Page 454 and 455:
426 take place on the part of the S
Page 456 and 457:
428 escorted the friends who were d
Page 458 and 459:
430 23 Anup Chand Kapur, The Punjab
Page 460 and 461:
432 81 In the village set-up, maulv
Page 462 and 463:
Files on Sikh Affairs L/PJ/12/170 t
Page 464 and 465:
Department of Press Branch, Punjab
Page 466 and 467:
Akbar, M. J. India: The Siege Withi
Page 468 and 469:
Hasan, Khalid Shamsul. The Punjab M
Page 470 and 471:
Majumdar, R. C. An Advanced History
Page 472 and 473:
Robinson, Francis. Islam and Muslim
Page 474 and 475:
________. Khizr Tiwana, the Punjab
Page 476 and 477:
Tamimi, Dr. Mohammad Jahangir. Bhar
Page 478 and 479:
491 Malik, Ikram Ali. “Cow-Killin
Page 480 and 481:
http//www.sikhspectrum.com /092002/
Page 482 and 483:
APPENDIX-1 INDIAN ROUND TABLE CONFE
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435 5. If neither of the above alte
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437 and appointed the Punitive Poli
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APPENDIX-3 439 From the US Presiden
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441 APPENDIX-5 Memorial from A. M.
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443 Deputy Commissioner’s attendi
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445 advance the loan without proper
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447 sale. I told Sir James that thi
Page 498 and 499:
449 whether he would come back. The
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451 them to vote for Master Taj-ud-
Page 502 and 503:
APPENDIX-6 453 Inward Telegram Allo
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APPENDIX-8 455 Secret Record of Int
Page 506 and 507:
457 their behalf. Master Tara Singh
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459 could hardly possess any realit
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461 done by means of further large
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463 three divisions, including a re
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465 The Eastern Pakistan manpower m
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467 about Rs.3 crores on defence. A
Page 518 and 519:
APPENDIX-11 469 SECRET No. 694 10 t
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471 enquired how they expected to f
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MOUNTBATTEN and his STAFF APPENDIX-
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