CBD Fourth National Report - Azerbaijan (English version)

More documents

Recommendations

Info

1.1. Status of Biodiversity and Ecosystems Country Study on Biodiversity and Fourth National Report The Republic of Azerbaijan 1.1.1. Status and quality of research on ecosystems and species Research into biodiversity has been conducted in Azerbaijan over a number of years. Research into ecosystem classification, structure and function is relatively new and poorly developed, however much has been learnt about the country’s species and ecosystems. A range of research institutes of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences are involved in this, including: the Institute of Microbiology (focusing on the distribution and applied use of microorganisms); the Institute of Botany (focusing on the distribution and ecology of lower and higher plants, including description of new species of algae from the Caspian Sea); the Institute of Zoology (focusing on the distribution, ecology, evolution and protection of animal species and species composition of zoogeographical complexes, including the description of 200 new species); and, the Institute of Genetic Resources (focusing on assessments of the genetic bank, agrobiodiversity and wild relatives, assessments for sustainable use of biodiversity). The Genetic Resources Institute co-ordinates the activities of other institutions towards a national inventory and database for genetic resources (and biodiversity) of the country. Research on the ecology and introduction of useful, rare and disappearing plants is conducted by the Botanical Garden, which also hosts collections of a number of important taxa. Furthermore, at the Mardakan Arboretum on the Absheron Peninsula, research is conducted into protection of trees under natural conditions. The Ministry of Agriculture operates a number of scientific institutes which conduct research relevant to agrobiodiversity (both in terms of selection and plant preservation). These scientific research centres include: the Institute of Vegetable-Growing (focusing on vegetables and melons) the Institute of Horticulture and Subtropical Plants (focusing on fruits, nuts and tea plants); the Scientific Institute of Viticulture and Wine-Making (focusing on grapes and vines); the Institute of Fodder, Meadows and Pastures (focusing on fodder production and methods for sustainable use of pastures); and the Institute of Cotton- Growing (cotton production). In addition, applied research on fish biodiversity has been conducted by the Institute of Fish Culture, of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources. Since the early 1970s research on species and ecosystems has been carried out in Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic. The Nakhichevan Regional Scientific Institute (since 2003 known as the Bio-resources Institute) and the Nakhichevan State University have both conducted research into species distribution and diversity. Although studies into a number of taxa are incomplete (including microorganisms, fungi, lower plants, protozoa and invertebrates), a wide range of species have already been documented and further studies to complete the inventory commenced in 2003. Higher plants and animals are much better studied in Nakhichevan. The “Herbarium Fund” was created in 1977 and now stores almost 600,000 herbarium specimens. 1.1.2. Biogeography Azerbaijan can be divided into a number of biogeographical regions, although the number and location of these regions is dependant on the method of classification. Classification using 24 2009
Country Study on Biodiversity and Fourth National Report The Republic of Azerbaijan floral and topographical distinctions defines 20 distinct regions. The country is dominated by Mediterranean plant communities (50%), boreal plant communities (30%), and Caucasus plant communities (5%). In general, the fauna of the country represent a number of different biogeographical zones – reflecting the position of the country at the junction of a number of distinct biogeographical areas (the Middle East, Asia Minor, the Mediterranean, Europe, and the Palaearctic). The Fish of six distinct geographical regions are represented in the country, with the majority belonging to the Ponto-Caspian region 1 (69 species). Amphibians from all five adjoining areas are represented, while reptile from eight distinct biogegraphical regions is represented (including species with origins in Iran, the Middle East, Asia Minor, the Mediterranean, Europe, Caucasus, the Eastern Palaearctic, and Turan). The birds of Azerbaijan (242 species) (those that over-winter and breed) include trans-Paleoartic species (94 species), European species (57 species), and Mediterranean species (43 species) and others (48 species (19,8 %). Mammals of Azerbaijan are specified in six biogeographical complexes. Majority of these species refer to Caucasus mesophile complex, but less part to species of Front Asia, European forest, South Asia and Turanian desert. Besides, 3 imported species exist here. Of the 20 biogeographical regions represented within Azerbaijan, three are found in the Autonomous Republic of Nakhichevan (Nakhichevan plain, Nakhichevan mountain and Nakhichevan high mountain zones). Nakhichevan AR is considered to be unique botanicalgeographical district in Small Caucasus, differing from surrounding areas by its floristic composition, which is dominated by xerophytes (65% of the flora), and is most similar to Middle Asia, north Iranian and Mediterranean floras. Xerophytes geographical type organizes 65.36% (1889 species) of the total species. Nakhichevan supports a range of plant communities, and most of the zoological groups present in Azerbaijan. 1.1.3. Status review of ecosystems Forest ecosystems Area of Azerbaijan Republic covered with forests constitutes 989.4 thousand ha, that it is equivalent to 11.4% of total area. 49% of forests are shared by Great Caucasus region, 34% by Little Caucasus region, 15% by Talish zone and 2% by Lowland zone (together with Nakhichevan AR). Picture Forest line ranges in the height of 1800 m in Great and Little Caucasus mountains, sometimes uprises to 2000 m. But lower bounds of forests are variable. Even height comes out of forest/green belt as a result of anthropogenous effect in the south-east slope of great Caucasus. 35% of current Azerbaijan territory was covered with forests in XVIII-XIX centuries. At that time the forests covered mountain slopes and lowland areas situated outside of arid areas. At the present, only tree remnants preserved in these areas. Riparian forests and tugai along Kura and Araz rivers, woodlands and shrubwoods of Garabagh plain became extinctive and coastal 1 The Ponto-Caspian region is a vast territory, encompassing the basins of the Black, the Azov, and the Caspian Seas. 25 2009
Page 1 and 2: Country Study on Biodiversity of Az
Page 3 and 4: Country Study on Biodiversity and F
Page 23: Country Study on Biodiversity and F
Page 53 and 54: (Picture 1.3) Underground waters Co
Page 75 and 76:
Country Study on Biodiversity and F
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
3.1.4. Indirect uses of biodiversit
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
3.2.7. Energy and oil extraction Co
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
4.1. Protected areas system Country
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Turyanchay State Nature Reserve Cou
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
111 Country Study on Biodiversity a
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Ornithogalum hyrcanum Grossh. (1929
Page 119 and 120:
(1831) Country Study on Biodiversit
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Order Hymenoptera Family Apoidae Bo
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Family Testudinidae Testudo graeca
Page 129 and 130:
Aquila clanga Pall.,1811 Greater sp
Page 131 and 132:
Rhodopechys githaginea (= Bucanetes
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Annex 2.1 Status of the countrywide
Page 149 and 150:
Annex 2.3 Distribution of the arabl
Page 151 and 152:
Annex 3.1 Country Study on Biodiver
Page 153 and 154:
Hystrix indica Kerr. Decreasing are
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Annex 4.3 I n f o r m a t i o n on
Page 159 and 160:
Fish species Storgeons (ton) Kilka
Page 161 and 162:
Annex 8.1 Country Study on Biodiver
Page 163 and 164:
Annex 9.1 Money spent in the frame
Page 165 and 166:
Ecores Information Analytic Environ
Page 167:
show all

CBD Fourth National Report - Azerbaijan (English version)

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?