Aflatoxin: A Synthesis of the Research in Health, Agriculture and Trade

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4. trade 67 Summary 67 A. introduction 68 B. Genesis of Aflatoxin Standards 68 B.1 Multinational Standard Setting 68 B.2 european harmonization 69 c. Aflatoxin Standards for humans and Animals 70 c.1 human consumption 70 c.2 Animal feed 70 D. testing Procedures 71 e. trade Barriers 72 e.1 impact of Mycotoxins on commodity trade 72 e.2 nontariff Barriers to trade 73 f. trade flows 74 f.1 imports and exports 74 f.2 U.n. World food Programme Purchases 74 G. endnotes 75 h. References 77 Glossary 79
foReWoRD the availability of a safe and nutritious food supply comprises one of the cornerstones of food security across Africa. to support this, the Partnership for Aflatoxin control in Africa (PAcA) will launch a comprehensive program to formulate polices, identify solutions, and support the implementation of programs to address health, agriculture, and trade issues related to aflatoxin contamination in the staple food supply. At this time, aflatoxin contamination is often a problem of unknown dimensions on farms, and in warehouses, processing facilities, and food products. What is known, however, is that the pervasive and chronic consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated foods and feeds throughout Africa continues to pose a significant threat to both human and animal health. economic losses to producers and traders due to high levels of aflatoxin contamination in grains and legumes are also significant. the purpose of this paper is to provide a summary of published data on aflatoxin, with a focus on Africa and the east Africa region. this analysis lays the groundwork for informed policy and program development and identifies knowledge gaps for future research and planning efforts. the paper provides a shared understanding through which USAiD and PAcA will engage regional organizations, governments, donors, nongovernmental organization, and producers, traders, processers, and consumers in a constructive dialogue based on factual evidence. We thank the members of PAcA and the donor community for their commitment to address this complex and challenging problem. Feed the Future the office of Regional economic integration USAiD east Africa Regional Mission nairobi, Kenya 5
Page 1: AflAtoxin A SyntheSiS of the ReSeAR
Page 6 and 7: AcRonyMS AGoA African Growth and op
Page 8 and 9: 40° global areas that are at risk
Page 10 and 11: “Exposure to aflatoxins leads to
Page 12 and 13: “Chronic aflatoxicosis occurs mor
Page 14 and 15: Western Pacific 20% Southeast Asia
Page 16 and 17: country Figure 7. Aflatoxin Exposur
Page 18 and 19: “...a possible link between the H
Page 20 and 21: “Aflatoxin contamination of maize
Page 22 and 23: “A high incidence of mycotoxin co
Page 24 and 25: “The Gambia Hepatitis Interventio
Page 26 and 27: in infancy is the most effective ap
Page 28 and 29: “An early warning system must inc
Page 30 and 31: enDnoteS 1 Wu, f., narrod, c., tion
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Page 34 and 35: 65 idris, y. M. A., Mariod, A. A.,
Page 36 and 37: 100 Kao J. h., & chen D. S., (2002)
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Page 44 and 45: “In the prevention of aflatoxin,
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Page 48 and 49: “The participatory plant breeding
Page 50 and 51: “When leaks occur, documentation
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separated into four groups: group A
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15 cotty, P. J. & Jaime-Garcia, R.
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(2011). occurrence and decontaminat
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Schroeder, J. W. (1997). corn glute
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intRoDUction Rising standards and l
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consequences, and interventions. Th
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otsuki, t., Wilson, J. S., & Sewade
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Aflatoxin: A Synthesis of the Research in Health, Agriculture and Trade

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