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Brain injury rehabilitation in adults<br />
60 |<br />
9. Do the following speech and language therapy interventions (speech<br />
motor/oral exercises, computer based treatments, introduction of<br />
alternative and augmentative communication strategies (AAC),<br />
introduction of impairment based strategies, introduction of alternative/<br />
total communication strategies, communication partner training, eg<br />
SPPARC (Supporting Partners of People with Aphasia in Relationships and<br />
Conversation)) reduce/improve:<br />
y dysarthria<br />
y dysphasia/aphasia<br />
y articulatory dyspraxia/apraxia of speech<br />
y acquired dyslexia<br />
y acquired dysgraphia<br />
y social communication skills/pragmatic impairment/right hemisphere<br />
language disorder and improve communicative effectiveness/functional<br />
communication?<br />
10. Compared with bedside evaluation alone, does instrumental assessment<br />
of dysphagia (eg videofluoroscopy; fibreoptic endoscopic evaluation of<br />
swallowing (FEES)) allow:<br />
y more frequent resumption of oral diet and faster resumption of oral diet<br />
y more frequent removal of alternative feeding tubes and quicker removal<br />
of alternative feeding tubes?<br />
11. What is the evidence that restorative exercises improve outcome in<br />
dysphagia compared with compensatory techniques alone?<br />
12. In patients with brain injury, what is the evidence that oral hygiene<br />
programmes reduce the incidence and severity of aspiration-associated<br />
chest infection and pneumonia?<br />
13. What is the evidence that vocational rehabilitation improves outcome for<br />
patients with brain injuries?<br />
14. In patients with brain injuries is rehabilitation in a specialist unit (a unit<br />
which specialises in the care of patients with ABI, ie a dedicated neurorehabilitation<br />
unit) better than rehabilitation in a non-specialised/general<br />
unit in terms of:<br />
y increased understanding and awareness of condition<br />
y reduced aggressive/challenging behaviours<br />
y more rapid return to work<br />
y more rapid return to education<br />
y more rapid return to carer role<br />
y more rapid return to leisure pursuits<br />
y reduced carer stress<br />
y improved physical functioning<br />
y improved functional ability (activities of daily living - ADL)?<br />
7.1<br />
7.2.1<br />
7.2.2<br />
7.3<br />
8.1, 8.2<br />
10.1
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