Wetland I.D. Guide - Island County Government

What is a buffer?
Buffers are an important means of wetland protection. A buffer is an
undisturbed vegetated area that surrounds a wetland. Because there are
different types of wetlands with assorted characteristics, functions, and
sensitivities, their buffer sizes will vary. Buffers are also influenced by the type
of land use activity or development that is proposed near or adjacent to critical
areas. For instance, a commercial use affects a wetland differently than a
single home on 5 acres.
Wetland Buffers
When buffers are disturbed, the functions of the wetland can be reduced
Wetland with an Intact Buffer Wetland with a disturbed Buffer
Vegetated buffers around wetlands help protect wetland functions by
• Providing the initial filtering of sediments and other pollutants from runoff. A wetland can be
adversely affected when a buffer’s protective ability is reduced. If the buffer’s vegetation filters out some
of the pollutants and sediments first, it can help the wetland do its job. This helps keep streams, lakes,
aquifers, and the Puget Sound clean for humans and all species.
• providing wood and other organic matter. These materials are useful to animals, plants and other
life. Downed organic matter and woody debris provide a source of nutrients for bugs and plants, as well as
shelter for animals.
• Maintaining shade, water temperature, and the microclimate. Buffers protect these wetland
functions and habitat. Plants and animals can be adversely affected by even small changes to wetland
functions.
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