Miniature Sensors for Biological Warfare Agents using Fatty Acid ...

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Acknowledgments The authors would like to acknowledge the team that provided this project with components, without their work this LDRD would not have existed: Ron Manginell, Sara Sokolowski, James Sanchez, Alex Robinson, Sherry Zmuda, and Matt Blain. In addition the authors would like to thank the following for their contributions to the success of this LDRD: Doug Adkins, Patrick Lewis, Stephen Meserole, and Diane Kozelka. 4
Contents Abstract.................................................................................................................3 Acknowledgments.................................................................................................4 Contents................................................................................................................5 Figures..................................................................................................................7 Tables .................................................................................................................10 Equations............................................................................................................11 Executive Summary ............................................................................................12 Acronyms and Abbreviations ..............................................................................13 1. Introduction .....................................................................................................14 1.1. µChemLab ..........................................................................15 1.2. Importance of Fatty Acids ...................................................17 1.3. Pyrolysis for the Identification of Biologicals .......................20 1.3.1. Bacterial..............................................................................20 1.3.2. Viral.....................................................................................21 1.3.3. Sporulated ..........................................................................22 2. Background.....................................................................................................24 2.1. Methods for Detecting Biological Warfare Agents...............24 2.1.1. Laboratory Methods............................................................24 2.1.2. Portable Biological Detectors..............................................26 2.2. Anthrax Detection ...............................................................27 2.2.1. Cells....................................................................................27 2.2.2. Spores ................................................................................30 2.3. Aerosol Collectors...............................................................31 2.4. Chemistry Background........................................................31 2.5. Pyrolysis .............................................................................37 2.5.1. Gas Chromatographic inlet pyrolysis. .................................38 2.5.2. Infrared pyrolysis. ...............................................................38 2.5.3. Curie-point pyrolysis ...........................................................38 2.5.4. Resistive pyrolysis ..............................................................38 2.5.5. Additional Thermally-based Analysis Methods ...................40 2.5.6. History of pyrolysis / methylation ........................................40 3. Experimental Details .......................................................................................41 3.1. Micropyrolysis Devices / Testing.........................................41 3.2. MicroGC columns / testing..................................................42 3.3. Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Detectors...........................43 3.4. Colorado School of Mines (CSM) .......................................44 5
Page 1 and 2: SAND REPORT SAND2003-0168 Unlimited
Page 3: SAND2003-0168 Unlimited Release Pri
Page 7 and 8: Figures 1. Schematic of µChemlab s
Page 9 and 10: 50. Rapid (less than 1 minute) micr
Page 11 and 12: 15. Standards used evaluation of mi
Page 13 and 14: Acronyms and Abbreviations Ab antib
Page 15 and 16: suitable for chromatographic sample
Page 17 and 18: derivatization separation detection
Page 19 and 20: Table 2: Fatty acids found in food
Page 21 and 22: Table 4: Fatty acids detected for b
Page 23 and 24: N Figure 6: Chemical structure of p
Page 25 and 26: Table 7: GC columns used for fatty
Page 27 and 28: identification may suffer in the fu
Page 29 and 30: % Composition 60 55 50 45 40 35 30
Page 31 and 32: Based upon the values given in Tabl
Page 33 and 34: Table 10: Derivatizing reagents use
Page 35 and 36: HO N O O Dipicolinic Acid (DPA) OH
Page 37 and 38: derivatizing reagent(s) trimethylsu
Page 39 and 40: temperatures. The sample is either
Page 41 and 42: 3. Experimental Details 3.1. Microp
Page 43 and 44: dimensions of 100 microns wide by 4
Page 45 and 46: 3.5. Chemicals 3.5.1. Fatty acids a
Page 47 and 48: ATCC Number: 23059 13525 Price: $20
Page 49 and 50: micropyrolyzer design. It is unknow
Page 51 and 52: Figure 25: Second generation microp
Page 53 and 54: Ion Intensity Signal Intensity Tota
Page 55 and 56:
Signal Intensity C13:0-M.E. (13:0)
Page 57 and 58:
C8:0-M.E. (8:0) (10:0) 57 (12:0) Fi
Page 59 and 60:
4.1.5. Micropyrolysis / methylation
Page 61 and 62:
In order to compare results from th
Page 63 and 64:
Experimental Details section. The g
Page 65 and 66:
of pyrolysis/methylation of spores
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(8) (9) (8) (9) (10) (10) N 2 carri
Page 69 and 70:
Temperature ramping can improve the
Page 71 and 72:
manner to achieve proper detection.
Page 73 and 74:
Looking more closely at the SAW res
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6. References 1. N.R. Krieg, Bergey
Page 77 and 78:
27. J.P. Dworzanski, L. Berwald, H.
Page 79 and 80:
53. L.D. Metcalfe, A.A. Schmitz, C.
Page 81 and 82:
7. Appendix A: Reference mass spect
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Figure 64: Library mass spectrum of
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
8. Appendix B: Chemical reference a
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carbons in double bonds FAME name (
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9. Appendix C: Commercial FAME chro
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Figure 87: J&W DB-23 FAME chromatog
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11. Appendix E: Packed column FAMEs
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MANUFACTURER/builder UNIT NAME/prod
Page 101 and 102:
MANUFACTURER/builder UNIT NAME/prod
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