THE STRONG PERFECTS IN THE ROMANCE ... - Page ON

paradigm, and that caderunt, at least, reflects *cadederunt (cf. the weak
forms as found in most areas, including Sp. cayeron (matched by OSp.
cadieret, cadiesse), OPtg. caerom); in the case of cadissent Dardel may be
right morphologically — see the -dedi perfects below (§30). For credere,
besides classical credidi (late crededi), there are crederimus, -itis, -int
(Jerome, Orosius and the Itala), and concredui (Plautus), and, besides
creditus, Creduta as a name.
Of these, it is interesting to note that credere has both credidi and
credui, together with simple cred- (in the parts that support Dardel’s
theory), as this appears to be the verb that influenced the others. It seems to
have got separated early from the other compounds of dare, as did tradere
also in part (see §§26, 29), because, unlike perdere, vendere, abscondere,
reddere, it had a single intervocalic d with no consonant in front to support
it, besides not being formed with any recognisable prefix. It then seems to
have influenced cadere, for which, despite the noun form casus, no s-forms
are found (this being an intransitive verb it had no p.p.*casus, on which an
s-perfect could be formed, and the supine casum and fut.p. casurus died
out), and to have given rise to both *cadui and *cadedi, and perhaps also
*cad- forms. For videre, vidi seems to have survived over such a wide area
that it may be questioned whether other forms like văzui, viddi, veddi, vedei,
vehí, veü go back to common originals at all; Wahlgren (p. 245, n.) raises
this doubt concerning văzui and veddi. Certainly It.vedei can be explained
by vedesti, Cat. vehí by veist, and Fr. veü by the past participle.
In the case of sedere, I feel there is strong evidence for a PR *sēdui,
which shows the natural development for this kind of perfect; moreover -ui
forms are found in all the major daughter languages, in some form or other.
Sardinian has a duplicated t which points to *seddi < *sēdui. In Italian
there is just a slight trace of sedde (D. & G., p. 66, though Mon. takes it to
be a pres.); there is also a form possette in the early oaths, in which it
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