tidal hardwood swamps - Maryland Department of Natural Resources

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 3 Purpose......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Methods......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Landscape Analysis ......................................................................................................................... 5 Spatial Distribution of Vegetation: Implications for Sampling Design .............................................. 6 Field Surveys .................................................................................................................................. .6 Data Compilation and Analysis ........................................................................................................ 9 Results ........................................................................................................................................................ 11 Discussion................................................................................................................................................... 12 Tidal Hardwood Swamps – Community Descriptions……………………………………..………………..17 Fraxinus pennsylvanica – Acer rubrum / Polygonum spp. Tidal Woodland (CEGL006165)………… …….19 Fraxinus profunda – Nyssa biflora / Ilex verticillata / Polygonum arifolium Tidal Woodland (CEGL006287) .................................................................................................................................................................... 23 Tidal Bald Cypress Forests/Woodlands – Community Descriptions…………………………… ………27 Taxodium distichum – Nyssa biflora / Bignonia capreolata Tidal Forest (CEGL006850)…………………. 29 Taxodium distichum / Carex hyalinolepis Tidal Woodland (CEGL006845)…………………………………. 33 Tidal Loblolly Pine Woodlands – Community Descriptions…….…………………………………………37 Pinus taeda – Morella cerifera / Spartina patens Tidal Woodland (CEGL006849) .................................... 39 Reference Sites........................................................................................................................................... 43 Upper Patuxent River.................................................................................................................................. 45 Marshyhope Creek...................................................................................................................................... 49 Pocomoke River.......................................................................................................................................... 53 Hickory Point Cypress Swamp.................................................................................................................... 57 Moneystump Swamp – Blackwater River ................................................................................................... 61 Pictorial Overview…………………………………………………………………………………………….……..65 Project Map…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..77 Literature Cited………………………………………………………………………………………………………79 Appendix 1: Sample Field Forms................................................................................................................ 85 Appendix 2: Definitions of State and Federal Ranking ............................................................................... 89 Appendix 3: List of Common and Scientific Names of Vascular Plants…….…………………………………93 1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to express our appreciation to the following agencies, organizations, and people for their time and support: The United States Environmental Protection Agency for providing funding through the Clean Water Act’s 1998 State Wetlands Protection Development Grant Program; Gwen Brewer, Lynn Davidson, Rebecca Eanes, Chris Frye, Wesley Knapp, Holly Sepety, Scott Smith, and Glenn Therres, all with the Maryland Natural Heritage Program, Bill McAvoy and Pete Bowman with the Delaware Natural Heritage Program, Gary Fleming and Phil Coulling with the Virginia Natural Heritage Program, Doug Samson with The Nature Conservancy for consultation, Rod Simmons with the Maryland Native Plant Society, Cel Petro with the Information Resource Center, and the many private landowners for permitting access to survey locations. The field work, data analyses, and report writing for this project was conducted by Peter Stango III, Maria Aguirre, and Jason W. Harrison. In addition, major portions of the Introduction and Methods sections of the report have been modified and adapted from Harrison (2001) and Harrison and Stango (2003). 2
Page 1 and 2: Forested Tidal Wetland Communities
Page 3: Citation: Harrison, J.W., P. Stango
Page 7 and 8: iodiversity (Harwell et al. 1990).
Page 9 and 10: Once a clear search image was estab
Page 11 and 12: Table 2. Environmental data reporte
Page 13 and 14: vegetation community types in the U
Page 15 and 16: DISCUSSION Site Visits During the l
Page 17 and 18: considered a more northern type usu
Page 20: TIDAL HARDWOOD SWAMPS Community Des
Page 23 and 24: SUMMARY STATISTICS Relative Basal A
Page 26 and 27: FRAXINUS PROFUNDA - NYSSA BIFLORA /
Page 28 and 29: • BARR006, Barren Creek, Wicomico
Page 30: TIDAL BALD CYPRESS FORESTS/WOODLAND
Page 33 and 34: ordering the water’s edge. An exc
Page 35 and 36: McAvoy, W., and K. Clancy. 1993. Ch
Page 37 and 38: SUMMARY STATISTICS Relative Basal A
Page 40: TIDAL LOBLOLLY PINE WOODLANDS Commu
Page 43 and 44: DIAGNOSTIC SPECIES Pinus taeda, Pan
Page 46: REFERENCE SITES 43
Page 49 and 50: anked S2, designating it as a rare
Page 52 and 53: Marshyhope Creek Dorchester County,
Page 54 and 55:
OCCURRENCE RANK Supported by data f
Page 56 and 57:
Pocomoke River Worcester and Somers
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in this portion of the Pocomoke Riv
Page 60 and 61:
Hickory Point Cypress Swamp Worcest
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MANAGED AREA NAME / TRACT OWNERSHIP
Page 64 and 65:
Moneystump Swamp - Blackwater River
Page 66 and 67:
BEST INFORMATION SOURCE Maryland Na
Page 68 and 69:
PICTORIAL OVERVIEW 65
Page 70 and 71:
Fraxinus profunda - Nyssa biflora /
Page 72 and 73:
Fraxinus profunda - Nyssa biflora /
Page 74 and 75:
Fraxinus pennsylvanica - Acer rubru
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Taxodium distichum - Nyssa biflora
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Taxodium distichum / Carex hyalinol
Page 80:
Forested Tidal Wetlands of Maryland
Page 83 and 84:
Fernald, M.L. 1950. Gray’s Manual
Page 85 and 86:
McCormick, J. and H.A. Somes, Jr. 1
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APPENDIX 1 The following pages are
Page 91 and 92:
II. Vegetation Structure and Physio
Page 93 and 94:
STATE RANK S1 Highly State rare. Cr
Page 96 and 97:
APPENDIX 3 The following is a list
Page 98 and 99:
Morella cerifera Nuphar lutea ssp.
Page 100:
State of Maryland Robert L. Ehrlich
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