New Historicism and Literary Studies - Soka University Repository

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40 Paul Ricocur , Hermeneutics and the Human Sciences, (Cambridge: CUP, 1981).
41 A nthony Giddens, "Action Subjectivity and Meaning," ibid., p, 173.
42 Giddens , ibid.,
43 Benedict Anderson , Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism,
2"d edition, (London & New York: Verso, 1991).
44 Anderson , p. 27.
45 Edward Said , The World, the Text, and the Critics, (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University
Press, 1983), p. 53.
46 Edward Said , Culture and Imperialism, (London: Chatto & Windus, 1993), p. 88.
47 Said , Orientalism, (New York: Vintage Books, 1978), pp. 34-5.
48 Jonathan Culler , On Deconstruction: Theory and Criticism after Structuralism, (Ithaca: Cornell
Univ., Press, 1982), pp. 7-11.
49 J onathan Culler, The Pursuit of Signs: Semiotics, Literature, Deconstruction, (Ithaca: Cornell
Univ., Press, 1981), p.12.
50 Greenblatt , Renaissance Self-Fashioning, (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1980), p. 5.
51 Jacques Derrida , "But Beyond, ... (Open Letter to Anne McClutock and Rob Nixon)," Critical
Inquiry, Volume 13, no. 1 (Autumn 1986), p. 168.
52 Frederic Jameson , The Political Unconscious, (Ithaca & New York: Cornell University Press,
1981). Jameson writes that, "history is not a text, not a narrative, master or otherwise, but that, as an
absent cause, it is inaccessible to us except in textual form, and that our approach to it and to the
Real itself necessarily passes through its prior textualization, its narrativization in the political
unconscious" (p. 35).
53 St ephen Greenblatt, ed, Representing the English Renaissance, (Berkeley: University of California
Press, 1988), p 6.
54 Clifford Geertz , The Interpretation of Cultures, (New York: Basic Books, 1973). In the opening
essay, "Thick Description: Toward an Interpretative Theory of Culture," Geertz remarks, "Analysis
is sorting out the structures of signification—what Ryle called established codes, a somewhat
misleading expression, for it makes the enterprise sound too much like that of the cipher clerk when
it is much more like that of the literary critic—and determining their social ground and import"(p.
9). This statement had a great impact upon the method and procedures of literary critics in the
middle of 1970s.
55 Clifford Geert z, After the Fact: Two Countries, Four Decades, One Anthropologist, rpt 1996;
(Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1995), p. 168.
56 Geertz , After the Fact, p. 114.
5' Clifford Geertz , Available Light: Anthropological Reflections on Philosophical Topics, (Princeton,
New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2000), p. 3.
58 Vincent Pecora , "The Limits of Local Knowledge," in The New Historicism Ed., H. Aram Vesser
(New York: Routledge Chapman and Hall, 1989), pp. 243-276.
59 Hayden White , Tropics of Discourse, (Baltimore: John Hopkins Univ., Press, 1978). Also see The
Content of the Form, (Baltimore: John Hopkins Univ., Press, 1987). Also see Hayden White,
"History as Fulfillment ."
60 H ayden White, Metahistory: The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth Century Europe, (Baltimore:
John Hopkins Univ., Press, 1973).