Human rights and conflict transformation: The challenges of just peace

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García-Peña, Daniel 2004. In Search of a New Model for Conflict Resolution, in: Mauricio García-Durán (ed.) Alternatives to War: Colombia’s Peace Processes – Accord 14. London: Conciliation Resources. Available at www.c-r.org/our-work/accord/colombia/new-model.php. Guembe, Maria José and Helena Olea 2008. No Justice, No Peace: Discussions of a Legal Framework Regarding the Demobilization of Non-state Armed Groups in Colombia, in: Naomi Roht-Arriaza and Javier Mariezcurrena (eds.). Transitional Justice in the Twenty-First Century – Beyond Truth versus Justice. New York: Cambridge University Press, 120-142. Mitchell, Christopher and Sara Ramírez 2009. Local Peace Communities in Colombia: An Initial Comparison of Three Cases, in: Virginia M. Bouvier (ed.). Colombia – Building Peace in a Time of War. Washington: United States Institute of Peace Press, 245-270. Moser-Puangsuwan, Yeshua and Thomas Weber (eds.) 2000. Nonviolent Interventions Across Borders – A Recurrent Vision. Honolulu: Spark M. Matsunaga Institute for Peace – University of Hawaii. Orozco Abad, Iván 2005. Reflexiones Impertinentes: Sobre la Memoria y el Olvido, sobre el Castigo y la Clemencia, in: Angelika Rettberg (ed.). Entre el Perdón y el Paredón: Preguntas y dilemas de la Justicia Transicional. Bogotá and Ottawa: Universidad de Los Andes / IDRC, 171-209. Parlevliet, Michelle 2010. Rethinking Conflict Transformation from a Human Rights Perspective, in: Véronique Dudouet and Beatrix Schmelzle (eds.). Human Rights and Conflict Transformation: The Challenges of Just Peace. (Berghof Handbook Dialogue No. 9.) Berlin: Berghof Conflict Research, 15-46. Available at www.berghof-handbook.net. Rojas Rodriguez, Jorge 2004. Political Peacebuilding: A Challenge for Civil Society, in: Mauricio García- Durán (ed.) Alternatives to War: Colombia’s Peace Processes – Accord 14. London: Conciliation Resources. Available at www.c-r.org/our-work/accord/colombia/political-peacebuilding.php. Tate, Winifred 2007. Counting the Dead – The Culture and Politics of Human Rights Activism in Colombia. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press. Wallis, Tim and Claudia Samayoa 2005. Civilian Peacekeepers: Creating a Safe Environment for Peacebuilding, in: Paul van Tongeren et al. (eds.). People Building Peace II – Successful Stories of Civil Society. Boulder & London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 363-368. [All weblinks accessed 22 February 2010.] Mauricio García-Durán 103
Holding Concurrent Realities. Reflection on the Responses Michelle Parlevliet www.berghof-handbook.net Coming from a range of perspectives and drawing on various cases, the responses to my article on human rights and conflict transformation are useful, encouraging and thought-provoking. I am grateful to my colleagues for their critical comments and ideas for further development, and appreciate the opportunity created by the Berghof team to engage in this conversation. The feedback gathered here and in other comments received, highlight that the issues discussed in the lead article are alive in many contexts around the globe. Their topical nature is also illustrated by the fact that a leading human rights organisation, a prominent mediation organisation, and a mediation project linked to a national Department of Foreign Affairs all published reports focusing on questions of peace and justice around the same time as the initial article was published (HRW 2009; Hayner 2009a; FDFA/MSP 2009). The limited space available for this concluding reflection will not allow me to do justice to the wide-ranging feedback and variety of case material presented. I will therefore concentrate on some themes that have emerged from the responses. Starting with some definitional concerns, it is clear that opinions differ on the meaning of conflict transformation. While following my terminology, Babbitt doubts whether the term means anything different from conflict resolution. Her allusion to conflict mitigation or settlement as alternative reference points suggests a fairly narrow understanding of the notion: one that focuses predominantly on alleviating symptoms and achieving agreement between conflicting parties. In contrast, Nderitu employs the term in a broad and rather unconventional way, by relating it to integrated missions and including the activities of military actors in her application of the term. However, a suggestion of conflict transformation being a civilian undertaking emerges from García- Durán’s contribution. These different understandings illustrate the lack of agreement that continues to permeate the peace and conflict field. They also raise critical questions about the added value of conflict transformation in theory and practice (in comparison to, for example, conflict resolution), © Berghof Conflict Research/ Berghof Forschungszentrum für konstruktive Konfliktbearbeitung. Berghof Handbook Dialogue No. 9 – First launch June 2010 105
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Contents Introduction Beatrix Schme
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