Meta-Assembler (MASM) Programming Reference Manual

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Contents vi 7.8. Example — Value Retrieval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10 Section 8. Processor Information Functions 8.1. $DATE — Date and Time Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1 8.2. $LINES — Line Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2 8.3. $PAR(e) — Processor Call Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2 8.4. $TMODES — MASM Operating Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3 Section 9. MASM Output 9.1. Types of MASM Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1 9.2. $REL — Relocatable Binary Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1 9.3. $INFO — Special Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2 9.3.1. Processor Mode Settings (Group 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2 9.3.2. Common Block (Group 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3 9.3.3. Minimum D-Bank Specification (Group 3) . . . . . . . . . 9-3 9.3.4. Blank Common Block (Group 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4 9.3.5. External Reference Definition (Group 5) . . . . . . . . . . 9-4 9.3.6. Entry-Point Definition (Group 6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4 9.3.7. Even Starting Address (Group 7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5 9.3.8. Static Diagnostic Information (Group 8) . . . . . . . . . . 9-5 9.3.9. Read-Only Location Counters (Group 9) . . . . . . . . . . 9-5 9.3.10. Extended Mode Location Counter (Group 10) . . . . . 9-6 9.3.11. Void Bank (Group 11) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6 9.3.12. Library Search File (Group 12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7 9.3.13. Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7 Section 10. Object Modules 10.1. $OBJ — Select Object Module Output . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2 10.2. Bank Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2 10.3. Banks (Location Counters) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3 10.3.1. Bank Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3 10.3.2. $BANK Directive — Define Attributes for a Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13 10.3.3. Bank Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15 10.3.4. Default Values for Banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15 10.3.5. $BANK Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-16 10.4. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-17 10.4.1. Reference Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-17 10.4.2. $IMPORT Directive — Define Attributes for a Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21 10.4.3. Library Search Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-22 10.4.4. Default Values for References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-22 7830 8269-001
Contents 10.4.5. $IMPORT Directive Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-23 10.5. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24 10.5.1. Definition Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24 10.5.2. $EXPORT Directive — Define Attributes for a Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-27 10.5.3. Default Values for Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-28 10.5.4. $EXPORT Directive Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-28 10.6. Link Vectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29 10.6.1. Basic Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29 10.6.2. Extended Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-30 10.6.3. Extended Mode Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-31 10.6.4. Standard Procedures for the Creation of Link Vectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-32 10.7. Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-35 10.8. Library Definition Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-36 10.9. Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-39 10.9.1. $INFO Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-39 10.9.2. Collector-Defined Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-40 10.9.3. Bank Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-40 10.9.4. Entry-Point START$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-40 Section 11. Symbolic Output 11.1. $SYM — Establish Symbolic Output Mode . . . . . . . . 11-1 11.2. $OUTPUT — Output Symbolic Images . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2 Section 12. Saving Definitions 12.1. Definition Mode Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1 12.2. $DEF — Establish Definition Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-3 12.3. $INCLUDE — Include Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-3 Section 13. Error and Warning Diagnostics Appendix A. OS 1100 Features A.1. Instruction Mnemonic Redefinition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 A.2. Extended and Basic Mode Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2 A.2.1. Mode Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2 A.2.2. No Mode Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3 A.2.3. Basic Mode Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4 A.2.4. Extended Mode Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5 A.2.5. $EXTEND Mode Block Transfer (BT) . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8 7830 8269-001 vii
Page 1 and 2: OS 1100 Meta-Assembler (MASM) Progr
Page 3 and 4: Contents About This Manual . . . .
Page 5: Section 6. Assembly-Time Controls C
Page 9: Contents C.9. Global Relational Ope
Page 13: Tables 1-1. MASM Directives . . . .
Page 16 and 17: About This Manual Prerequisites xvi
Page 18 and 19: About This Manual xviii Section 13.
Page 20 and 21: About This Manual Notation Conventi
Page 22 and 23: Introduction 1.1. Two-Pass Assemble
Page 24 and 25: Introduction 1.4. Summary of MASM D
Page 26 and 27: Introduction 1-6 Table 1-1. MASM Di
Page 28 and 29: Introduction 1-8 Table 1-2. MASM Fu
Page 31 and 32: Section 2 MASM Usage 7830 8269-001
Page 33 and 34: 7830 8269-001 Table 2-1. MASM Optio
Page 35 and 36: 2.1.2. Reusability 7830 8269-001 MA
Page 37 and 38: 2.2.2. Preamble Output 7830 8269-00
Page 39 and 40: Line 7 Line 8 Line 11 Line 13 Line
Page 41 and 42: 7830 8269-001 MASM Usage Note: The
Page 43 and 44: 7830 8269-001 Explanation The follo
Page 45 and 46: 7830 8269-001 Example 2 . A COMMENT
Page 47 and 48: 7830 8269-001 4. MASM symbols MASM
Page 49 and 50: 7830 8269-001 MASM Usage In the obj
Page 51 and 52: 7830 8269-001 MASM Usage It is not
Page 53 and 54: 2.3.4. Line Continuation 7830 8269-
Page 55 and 56: 2.4.1. Procedure Library Search Cha
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2.5. Procedure Library Search Table
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Section 3 Listing Control 7830 8269
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3.4. Page Ejection 7830 8269-001 Li
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3.8. $HDG — Specify Print Heading
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3.9. Listing Control Example 7830 8
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Values and Expressions 4.2. Values
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Values and Expressions 4.2.1.2. Rel
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Values and Expressions 4-6 Example
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Values and Expressions 4-12 The tra
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Values and Expressions 4.2.4. Nodes
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Values and Expressions 4-26 Line 14
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Values and Expressions 4-32 Line 9
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Values and Expressions 4-34 The rel
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Values and Expressions 4-36 These o
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Values and Expressions 4-38 Table 4
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Values and Expressions 4.4. Data Ty
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Values and Expressions 4-42 Table 4
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Data Generation 5.1. Signed Charact
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Data Generation 5.3. $GEN — Data
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Data Generation 5-6 Example 2 1. FA
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Data Generation 5.5.4. $ILCN — In
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Data Generation 5.6. $LIT — Liter
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Data Generation 5-12 Line 7 Line 8
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Section 6 Assembly-Time Controls 78
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7830 8269-001 Example 1 $IF A . . a
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7830 8269-001 Example 3 1. $IF A>0
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6.2.3. $REPEAT — Repeat a Stateme
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6.3. $NIL — No Action 7830 8269-0
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6.7. Procedures and Functions 7830
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6.7.1.2. $END — End of a Subassem
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7830 8269-001 Assembly-Time Control
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7830 8269-001 Assembly-Time Control
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7830 8269-001 This function can the
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6.7.8. Types of Procedures 7830 826
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7830 8269-001 Figure 6-1. Two-Pass
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7830 8269-001 Figure 6-2. One-Pass
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7830 8269-001 Figure 6-3. Words-Giv
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6.7.9.1. $FP — Final Pass 7830 82
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6.8. Microstrings 7830 8269-001 Ass
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6.9. Levelers 7830 8269-001 Assembl
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7830 8269-001 Then the procedure P
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Section 7 Dictionary Control 7830 8
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7.2. $DELETE — Delete a Definitio
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7.4. $IC(e) — Identifier Class 78
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7.6. $LEV — Principal Dictionary
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Line 5 Line 6 Line 14 7830 8269-001
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Line 12 Line 6 Line 7 Line 8 Line 9
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Section 8 Processor Information Fun
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7830 8269-001 Processor Information
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Section 9 MASM Output 7830 8269-001
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9.3.2. Common Block (Group 2) 7830
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7830 8269-001 MASM Output identifie
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9.3.12. Library Search File (Group
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Object Modules 10.1. $OBJ — Selec
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Object Modules 10.3.1.1. Bank Type
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Object Modules 10.3.1.4. Locality A
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Object Modules 10-8 Equivalent to a
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Object Modules 10.3.1.9. Merge Orde
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Object Modules 10.3.1.13. Additiona
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Object Modules 10-14 Attribute Fiel
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Object Modules 10-16 A $(0) occurs
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Object Modules 10.4.1.2. Strength A
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Object Modules 10.4.1.4. Storage At
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Object Modules 10.4.3. Library Sear
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Object Modules 10.5. Definitions 10
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Object Modules 10.5.1.4. Address Ty
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Object Modules 10.5.3. Default Valu
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Object Modules 10.6.2. Extended Mod
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Object Modules 10.6.4. Standard Pro
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Object Modules 10.6.4.4. Extended M
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Object Modules 10.8. Library Defini
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Object Modules 10-38 The available
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Object Modules 10.9.2. Collector-De
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Symbolic Output 11.2. $OUTPUT — O
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Symbolic Output 11-4 Line 4 Line 5
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Saving Definitions 12-2 In this cas
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Saving Definitions 12-4 Example 1 $
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Error and Warning Diagnostics 13-2
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OS 1100 Features A-2 f j a Mnemonic
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OS 1100 Features A-4 Note: MASM doe
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OS 1100 Features A.2.4.2. $EXTEND D
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OS 1100 Features A.2.5. $EXTEND Mod
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OS 1100 Features A.2.7. $BASE Direc
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OS 1100 Features A-12 Example 2 The
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OS 1100 Features A-14 Example 1 The
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OS 1100 Features A-16 Line 8 Line 9
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OS 1100 Features A-18 For the $EXTE
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OS 1100 Features A.2.13. $PROC Dire
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OS 1100 Features A.2.15. $MACH Dire
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OS 1100 Features A-24 Example 4 $MA
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Object Module Evolution B.1. OM$DEF
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Object Module Evolution B-4 OMDEF$
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Object Module Evolution B-6 Standar
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Object Module Evolution B-8 Dropped
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Object Module Evolution B.3. MASM 5
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Object Module Evolution B.4. MASM 6
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Incompatibilities with ASM C.4. INF
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Incompatibilities with ASM C.13.Pro
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Restrictions, Operational Considera
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Glossary base register One of sixte
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Glossary M MAP MASM MSU O Glossary-
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Glossary X X register See index reg
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Index Symbols $(e) function, 5-6 $A
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$FP function description of, 6-20 u
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$RES directive, 5-6 $SL function, 4
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B of reference, 10-13 OM$DEF in UCS
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C character conversion functions, 4
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conversion issues (See compatibilit
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$CROSSREF, 3-3 $DEF, 12-1, 12-2 $DE
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with integer values, 4-2 eject page
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form bank attributes, 10-11, 10-12
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global relational operators, C-3 gr
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field, 2-11, 2-14 integer item, 4-2
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number function, 5-7 odd, 10-12 pro
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mode basic (See basic mode) mode ex
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operation mnemonics dictionary leve
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precedence of operators (See operat
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elational operator description of,
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semicolon, as continuation characte
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interaction, A-17 with $ILCN, subfi
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Universal Compiling System (UCS), B
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