Climate Change

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Global <strong>Climate</strong> <strong>Change</strong> Debate • What causes us to not be sure? Feedbacks! • There are different types of feedbacks known as positive feedbacks and negative feedbacks. • It is possible to come up with hundreds of different feedbacks related to even just one phenomenon such as increasing the temperature of the earth. 28
Example of a Negative Feedback 1. Temperature goes up due to GHGs. 2. This means more evaporation from oceans 3. This means more clouds 4. Clouds reflect sunlight, so more sunlight reflected. 5. Therefore temperature goes down again. 6. Negative feedback – the initial increase in temperature in (1) leads to events that cause a reduction in this temperature increase. • e.g. GHGs cause an increase in T by 2 K, but the cycle of evaporation and clouds causes a cooling by 1 K, leading to an overall warming of only 1 K. • Note: there is still a net T increase – its just smaller than the initial T increase. 29
Page 2 and 3: Climate Change June 29 th 2009 2
Page 4 and 5: Lifetime of GHGs • Other GHGs hav
Page 6 and 7: Global Warming Potential • EX: Ho
Page 8 and 9: Aerosol Types and Composition • S
Page 10: Direct Effect in Action • Particl
Page 14: Dust Storms 14
Page 17 and 18: Industrial Pollution 17
Page 19 and 20: Ship tracks19 19
Page 21 and 22: Indirect Effect in Action • The w
Page 23 and 24: Long wave (IR) emissions seen by sa
Page 25 and 26: Radiative Forcings • This is one
Page 27: Global Climate Change Debate • Fo
Page 31 and 32: Predicting Climate Change •The cl
Page 33 and 34: Past and Present Climate Change •
Page 35 and 36: Atmospheric CO 2 and Temp • Curre
Page 37 and 38: Historical CO 2 Concentrations You
Page 39 and 40: Historical Methane (CH 4 ) Concentr
Page 41 and 42: Earth’s Surface Temperature 0.2 C
Page 43 and 44: Earth’s Surface Temperature You
Page 45 and 46: Global Annual Temperature Trends (1
Page 47 and 48: Global Precipitation Trend Green do
Page 49 and 50: Changes of Note: • Sub-Sahara Afr
Page 51 and 52: Global Precipitation Trend • Inte
Page 53 and 54: Projection of Future Climate 53
Page 55 and 56: Future CO 2 Emission Scenarios •
Page 57 and 58: Future CO2 Concentrations - Predici
Page 59 and 60: Temperature Change Predictions 59
Page 61 and 62: Temperature Change Predicitions •
Page 63 and 64: Radiative Forcing by well mixed GHG
Page 65 and 66: Radiative Forcing by Sulfate 65
Page 67 and 68: Radiative Forcing by Sulfate • Th
Page 69 and 70: Other Aerosol Types • It’s no l
Page 71 and 72: Other Aerosol Types • Aerosols ar
Page 73 and 74: Predicted % Change of Precipitation
Page 75 and 76: Predicted % Change in Precip • We
Page 77 and 78: Change in Maximum and Minimum Daily
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Change in Maximum and Minimum Daily
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Change in Phenomenon Higher max Tem
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Sea Level Rise Projection • Note:
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Sea Level Rise Projection 85
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Sea Level Rise Projections • At t
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People at Risk (by 2080) - Sea Leve
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People at Risk (by 2080) - Sea Leve
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Projected Changes in Runoff by 2050
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Crop Yield Change • Percentage ch
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Impacts on Human Health • Benefic
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Climate Change

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