EMN 2008-2009 Overview - Réseau Européen de la Microfinance

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EMN 2008-2009 Overview 36 Graph 19: Number of loans disbursed to immigrants by country 6.000 5.000 4.000 3.000 2.000 1.000 0 5.557 France 2.336 Spain 564 Italy 262 Sweden 106 Germany 105 Netherlands In Graph 19, the country with the greatest percentage of immigrant clients is found in Norway (83%), which disbursed relatively few microloans (six total) with five of them to immigrants. The second country with the greatest percentage of microloans disbursed to immigrants was Spain. This country has experienced strong immigrant inflows in the past years. Currently, immigrants represent 11.6% of the total Spanish population, of which 7% are citizens from outside the EU (Eurostat, 2009). In terms of the percentage of immigrant microloan clients, Spain is followed by countries such as Ireland (36%), Sweden (30%) and Italy (30%). In many countries with a high proportion of foreign population, immigrants are completely unrepresented in microcredit client portfolios. This is the case of Germany, with an immigrant population of 8.8%, where of the 8207 total loans disbursed in 2009, only 106 were disbursed to immigrants or ethnic minorities. Eastern EU countries such as Poland, Romania and Bulgaria, with no 96 Bulgaria immigrant populations, consequently do not have immigrant microcredit clients 23 . youth Youth (18 to 25 years) is becoming a relevant client microcredit segment in the EU. In 2007, 12% of microcredit clients were young people, and nowadays, the youth population represents 10% of microcredit clients. This percentage is in line with the 12.5% percentage of young people (15 to 24 years) living in the analysed countries in 2007 (Eurostat, 2007). Moreover, young people are represented well over their proportion in the population of young entrepreneurs 24 . The greatest percentage of young microloan clients is found in Switzerland (100%) by one institution whose principal focus is youth and all loans over the period 2008-2009 have been disbursed to youth. Ireland follows closely at 91% of loans being disbursed to youth, with 70 of the 80 loans disbursed in 2008 and 50 of the 55 loans disbursed in 2009 to youth. The United Kingdom is the next highest lender to youth at 57%. 23 However, it is unclear in the survey responses, whether the institutions have not provided data on immigrants because they do not target this at risk group or because they have left out this category. 24 Youth entrepreneurship represents less than 1% of total entrepreneurship across the EU 15, although more than 50% of young people express an interest in starting a business. Young people are three times as likely to be unemployed as older people in the EU (Greene, 2005). 50 united kingdom 35 Hungary 31 Portugal 21 Romania 20 Croatia 20 Ireland 5 Norway 4 Switzerland
Norway Spain Ireland Sweden Italy Switzerland France Netherlands Croatia Portugal united Kingdom Bulgaria Germany Romania Hungary Poland Latvia Switzerland Ireland united Kingdom Netherlands Italy France Spain Belgium Portugal Romania Bulgaria Hungary Germany Sweden Poland Norway Latvia Croatia Graph 20: Percentage of immigrants versus nationals 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Inmigrants Nationals Note: Belgium, Estonia, Finland and Lithuania did not disclose data on immigrant clients. Graph 21: Percentage of youth versus those over 25 years old 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Note: Estonia, Finland and Lithuania did not disclose data on youth. Young More than 25 years In Graph 22 below, the number of total loans disbursed to youth by country can be found. The country with the greatest total numbers was France, with 5,105 of the total 28,863 loans disbursed were disbursed to youth, followed by Spain with 810 loans and the United Kingdom with just over 500 loans disbursed to youth. Germany, once again, had the lowest number of total loans disbursed to youth at 9 out of the total 8,207 loans disbursed. 37
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EMN 2008-2009 Overview - Réseau Européen de la Microfinance

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