Vision Based Hand Gesture Interfaces for Wearable Computing and ...
Vision Based Hand Gesture Interfaces for Wearable Computing and ...
Vision Based Hand Gesture Interfaces for Wearable Computing and ...
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
2.3.8 Viola-Jones detection method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28<br />
2.3.9 Temporal tracking <strong>and</strong> filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33<br />
2.3.10 Higher-level models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35<br />
2.3.11 Temporal gesture recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39<br />
2.4 User interfaces <strong>and</strong> gestures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41<br />
2.4.1 <strong>Gesture</strong>-based user interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41<br />
2.4.2 <strong>Vision</strong>-based interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43<br />
2.5 Virtual environments <strong>and</strong> applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46<br />
2.5.1 Virtual environments <strong>and</strong> GISs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47<br />
2.5.2 <strong>Vision</strong>-based interfaces <strong>for</strong> virtual environments . . . . . . 52<br />
2.5.3 Mobile interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54<br />
3 <strong>H<strong>and</strong></strong> <strong>Gesture</strong>s in the Human Context 58<br />
3.1 Postural com<strong>for</strong>t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61<br />
3.1.1 Operational definition of com<strong>for</strong>t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61<br />
3.2 The com<strong>for</strong>t zone <strong>for</strong> reaching gestures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64<br />
3.2.1 Method <strong>and</strong> design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65<br />
3.2.2 Participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67<br />
3.2.3 Materials <strong>and</strong> apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68<br />
3.2.4 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70<br />
3.2.5 Instructions to participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71<br />
3.2.6 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72<br />
3.3 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78<br />
3.3.1 The meaning of com<strong>for</strong>t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78<br />
3.3.2 Com<strong>for</strong>t results <strong>and</strong> related work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79<br />
3.3.3 Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81<br />
3.3.4 Open issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81<br />
3.4 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83<br />
4 <strong>H<strong>and</strong></strong>Vu: A Computer <strong>Vision</strong> System <strong>for</strong> <strong>H<strong>and</strong></strong> <strong>Interfaces</strong> 85<br />
4.1 Hardware setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86<br />
4.2 <strong>Vision</strong> system overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88<br />
4.2.1 Core gesture recognition module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89<br />
4.2.2 Area-selective exposure control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94<br />
4.2.3 Speed <strong>and</strong> size scalability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97<br />
4.2.4 Correction <strong>for</strong> camera lens distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . 98<br />
4.2.5 Application programming interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99<br />
4.2.6 Verbosity overlays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102<br />
4.2.7 <strong>H<strong>and</strong></strong>Vu WinTk: video pipeline <strong>and</strong> toolkit . . . . . . . . . 104<br />
4.2.8 Recognition state distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106<br />
xiv
Change language