Automatic Extraction of Examples for Word Sense Disambiguation
Automatic Extraction of Examples for Word Sense Disambiguation
Automatic Extraction of Examples for Word Sense Disambiguation
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Contents<br />
1 Introduction 10<br />
2 Basic Approaches to <strong>Word</strong> <strong>Sense</strong> <strong>Disambiguation</strong> 12<br />
2.1 Knowledge-Based . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12<br />
2.1.1 The Lesk Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13<br />
2.1.2 Alternative Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14<br />
2.2 Unsupervised Corpus-Based . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15<br />
2.2.1 Distributional Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16<br />
2.2.2 Translational Equivalence Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16<br />
2.3 Supervised Corpus-Based . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18<br />
2.3.1 <strong>Sense</strong> Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20<br />
2.3.2 Source Corpora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21<br />
2.3.3 Data Preprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23<br />
2.3.4 Feature Vectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23<br />
2.3.5 Supervised WSD Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25<br />
2.4 Semi-Supervised Corpus-Based . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30<br />
3 Comparability <strong>for</strong> WSD Systems 32<br />
3.1 Differences between WSD Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32<br />
3.2 Most Frequently Used Baselines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33<br />
3.2.1 The Lesk Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33<br />
3.2.2 Most Frequent <strong>Sense</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34<br />
3.2.3 Random Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34<br />
4 Evaluation <strong>of</strong> WSD Systems 35<br />
4.1 Fundamentals in Evaluation <strong>of</strong> WSD Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35<br />
4.2 International Evaluation Exercise <strong>Sense</strong>val . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37<br />
4
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