1985 - Mycological Society of America

38
.otia in liquid shake cultures and the association with
the format ion of the sclerotia of developmentally
regulated phenoloxidases. The phenoloxidase associated
with the hyphal tip light response appears to be
different from those associated with sclerotial formation.
Since sclerotia and primordia may share the
same pathways, and phenoloxidases are associated with
both kinds of development, the liquid shake culture
system may be a convenient method for studying the
regulation of the earliest stages of morphogenesis in
this fungus.
A. Y. ROSSMAN. Mycology Laboratory, Plant Protection
Institute, U.S. Oepartment of Agriculture, Be1 tsville
Agricultural Research Center, Be1 tsville, Maryland
20705. Recent developments at the National Fungus
Collections.
The National Fungus Collections houses almost one
mill ion fungal specimens comprising the largest
mycological herbarium in the world. In the last
several years the Alexopoulos myxomycetes have been
acquired, curated by Or. M. L. Farr, and incorporated
into the general myxomycete collection which now
consists of about 40,000 specimens. Initially in
several parts, the Ames herbarium has been organized
and is available for loan. The herbarium of Walter
Snell, acquired in 1980, has now been incorporated
into the general collections. Although housed
separately up to now, the herbarium of West Virginia
University will be incorporated shortly. The rare
books of the John Stevenson Reference Room have been
cleaned and oiled for preservation, damaged bindings
have been reparied, and pamphlets reorganized.
Roth, I. L., see Frederick, L., et. al.
D. J. ROYSE. Department of Plant Pathology, Mushroom
Research Center, 211 Buckhout Laboratory, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
16802. Use of isozyme variation for cell line
identification, homokaryon detection and hybrid
confirmation of cultivated mushrooms.
Most electrophoretic studies of fungi have focused
primarily on general protein patterns, using some
specific enzymes. The electrophoretic phenotypes
were evaluated on the presence or absence of particular
bands. Other workers, however, postulated genetic
bases for the specific enzyme phenotypes observed.
This latter type of approach provides far more information
on genetic variability and its inheritance.
Applications for genetic-based isozyme electrophoresis
in selective breeding programs for edible mushrooms
include: cell line authentication, homokaryon detection,
and hybrid confirmation. Cell line authentication
can be accomplished by assessing specific
alleles at specific loci. Genotypic classes of isolates
can be recognized by a series of loci having
electrophoretic phenotypes with interpretable genetic
bases. For examole. . , in the common cultivated mushroom,
Agaricus brunnescens, over 20,000 genotypic
classes may be recognized on the basis of possible
genotypes from the allelic variability exp;essed at
six polymorphic loci. Incorporation of breeding stock
genomes into a single hypha can be confirmed by
dimeric enzymes. Mycelial mixtures of parental breeding
stocks are easily differentiated from crosses.
The heterodimer can only be produced when both alleles
are present in their separate nuclei in the same
mycelium.
NITIN SAKSENA and H.H.S. Tripathi. Department of
Botany, Univeristy of Saugar, Sagar (M.P.) 470 003,
India.
Fungistatic activity of Trichoderma volatiles against
plant pathogens.
The effect of volatitles from six cultures of Tricho-
derma (L aureoviride, L, harzianum, T. lon ibrachi-
atum, T. konin ii, T. v~ride and T
TZiTat3-5iiAlTe A i i d ~ s ~ a n ~ was o r seen ~ , on
four plant pathogens i.e. Curvularia lunata,
Helminthosporium or zae, Alternaria s o l a n d
Rhozopus nodosus. -&- e percentage of spore germination
wasdetermined and it was found that spore
germination was inhibited when the spores were in
contact with the volatiles from Trichoderma species.
NITIN SAKSEIIA and H.H.S. Tripathi. Oepartment of
Botany, Univeristy of Saugar, Sagar (M.P.) 470 003,
India.
Antagonistic effects of volatiles of Saccharornyces
against some human pathogenic fungi.
Ten species of Saccharomyces (S, bis orus
carlsber ensis, ra ilis, T%TFFT: -%
diastitick t r k s k , S. tvrbidans, S.
uvarum, S. rouxii, and S. chevalieq were screenea
forlai?mainst =me five human ~athoaenic
Saccharom ces and that the gas mixtures produced in
d i t e d the sporulation of the pathogens to
a large extent.
Schlagnhaufer, B., see Wach, M. P., et. al.
Schoknecht, J. D., see Keller, H. W.
Schulz, R. W., see Gessner, R. V., et. al.
M. A. SHERWOOD-PIKE. Geology Department, University
of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403.
Taxonomy of dispersed fossil fungus spores from
Clarkia, northern Idaho.
A diverse assemblage of fungal spores was recovered
from Miocene lakebed sediments from Clarkia, Idaho
using standard palynological techniques. Approximately
150 distinct taxa are present. Of those which
have modern analogues, the greatest number are dematiaceous
hyphomycetes. Ascospores of Xylariaceae
and loculoascomycetes are also abundant. Although
small spores resembling basidiospores occur, they
are not common. While conditions of preservation at
Clarkia are exceptionally good, thin-walled and
hyaline spores have undoubtedly been selectively
destroyed. The absence of Uredinales is a striking
feature of this and other Tertiary assemblages.
Among the most spectacular spores found are several
cheiroid types and conidia essentially identical to
those of the modern aquatic hyphomycete Helicoon
giganteum.
M. A. SHERWOOD-PIKE, Geology Department, University
of Oreeon. - - Eunene. - . OR 97403.
Paleoecology of a Miocene Mycoflora.
Fungal spores and fruitbodies are abundant in many
Tertiary fossil assemblages. A detailed census of
isolated spores extracted using palynological techniques
and fruitbodies occurring on leaves provided