National Nutrition and HIV/AIDS Guidelines for Service Providers of ...

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younger siblings. ° Sale of key assets like livestock to meet medical and nutrition costs. ° Shift to less labour intensive farming systems (e.g. small stock, maize, tubers, melons, sweet reed). ° Reduction in area cultivated and leaving more land fallow. Mechanisms to improve food security and nutritional intake for PLWHA and affected families should be designed and implemented at household, community and national levels. These may include, diet diversification, increased production of nutritious, low cost and non labour intensive crop products, involvement in small income generating activities, keeping animals both as a source of food and income. Adequate food and nutrition security have a buffering role to play in mitigating the impact of HIV and AIDS at individual, community and national levels. Therefore, more attention must be paid to and special focus redirected to food security and nutrition considerations in the disease prevention, care and support. As a service provider you should be aware of strategies available to strengthen food access and availability among households affected by HIV/AIDS. The following are strategies that PLWHA can use to cope in a food insecure situation: At Household Level: ° Involvement in income generating activities such as small stock (goats, sheep, pigs, rabbits, etc.), poultry (chickens, doves, ducks, etc) and bee keeping. ° Involvement in food production e.g. back yard gardening for consumption as well as for income generation ° Using money economically and wisely, for example, by purchasing cheaper but nutritious foods and other seasonally or locally available foods. ° Encourage utilization of veld and indigenous products e.g. motopi, mmupudu, moretologa, mogwana, moretlwa, mosata, maboa, morula, dikgeru/dicheru, mogorogorwana, makgomane, makatane, lerotse, etc. ° Only sell assets such as livestock to generate extra income as a last resort. ° Improving food preparation and practices to minimize nutrients loss and enhance nutrient bioavailability (refer to chapter 8 Food Safety). ° Encourage and strengthen food storage for future use. 58
° Practicing proper food handling including food storage, processing and preservation to minimize post harvest losses. ° Ensuring food safety by adhering to practices of safety and hygiene (refer to chapter 8). If food insecurity still exists, utilize available government and other organizational programmes e.g. food basket, community based support programmes, etc. At Community Level: ° Create or promote awareness amongst community members on HIV and AIDS so that PLWHA and their households are neither stigmatized nor discriminated, hence threatened in terms of household food security. ° Ensure that food and nutrition security for households is mainstreamed in all community activities and programmes. ° Mobilize the needed resources (material, financial, human and time) for carrying out interventions aimed at improving food and nutrition security for households with PLWHA. ° Promote coordination of technical support rendered by extension staff to households with PLWHA for improved household food security ° Ensure that relevant policies, guidelines, legislations and actions aimed at improving household food security for PLWHA are adhered to; and ° Solicit support from the councils and community leadership for the implementation of planned activities for food security of households with PLWHA. ° Engage Village Development Committees and Village Health Committees to identify food insecure households for assessment and assistance by appropriate institutions like Department of Social and Community Development. At National Level: ° Strengthen overall coordination of all household food security programmes as well as facilitation of community-led development programmes and link them with other health programmes 59
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NATIONAL NUTRITION AND HIV/AIDS GUI
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Developing these g
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4.1.3 Symptomatic 18 4.1.4 Advanced
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TECHNICAL WORKING TEAM MEMBERS 1 Mr
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GLOSSARY LIST Asymptomatic: When a
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declining though still high, from 4
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1.8 Layout of the Guidelines Each c
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Table 2.1: Summary table for the fo
Page 20 and 21: provide fiber. Nutrients found in v
Page 22 and 23: 2.3.5 Milk and Dairy Foods Milk and
Page 24 and 25: social and health effects. Some of
Page 26 and 27: CHAPTER 3 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
Page 28 and 29: Table 3.1 WHO Clinical classificati
Page 30 and 31: clients, preference should be given
Page 32 and 33: nutrition. PLWHA found to fit in th
Page 34 and 35: 4.3.3 Clinical The key in clinical
Page 36 and 37: 5.1.1 Nutritional Screening It is r
Page 38 and 39: ° Ensure that all immunizations an
Page 40 and 41: neglect children, have mental healt
Page 42 and 43: Table 6.1 Specific feeding recommen
Page 44 and 45: 7.1.2 Protein Requirements The prot
Page 46 and 47: CHAPTER 8 PROTECT THE QUALITY AND S
Page 48 and 49: 8.5 Hygiene in the Kitchen ° Keep
Page 50 and 51: CHAPTER 9 PLWHA may take various ty
Page 52 and 53: As the effect of food on the effica
Page 54 and 55: Medication Purpose Recommendation/
Page 56 and 57: Appropriate dietary responses Appro
Page 58 and 59: that are presently marketed in Bots
Page 60 and 61: ° For PLWHA living in areas where
Page 62 and 63: HERB Sore mouth and throat Recommen
Page 64 and 65: CHAPTER 11 NUTRITION EDUCATION AND
Page 66 and 67: warmth, understanding, and respect
Page 68 and 69: CHAPTER 12 HIV/AIDS, NUTRITION AND
Page 72 and 73: ° Emphasize and support small scal
Page 74 and 75: ° Are there any dietary changes am
Page 76 and 77: ANNEXES ANNEX 1: Scientific Or Engl
Page 78 and 79: ANNEX 3: Nutrient Composition of a
Page 81 and 82: Annex 5: National Nutrition and HIV
Page 83: 12.6. Strongly Disagree 13. During
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