CIAB Market & Policy developments 2005/06 - IEA

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years. Interdepartmental co-operation on CCS is also receiving the attention of the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism (DEAT), the Department of Science and Technology (DST), the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and the Central Energy Fund (CEF) through the South African Energy Research Institute (SANERI). There is potential for CCS in South Africa and follow up on the location and characterisation of such potential sites is underway. 331. Eskom has successfully commissioned an underground coal gasification pilot plant next to Majuba power station, following extensive studies and test work that started in 2001. The underground coal gasification process uses a matrix of wells drilled into the coal bed. Air is injected and the coal is ignited underground, producing a synthetic gas, which is harvested and then used as a fuel for either boilers or turbines. Gas from the pilot plant was successfully flared in January 2007, demonstrating that the process works. 332. As a continued contribution to the South African Government Department of Minerals and Energy's Energy Efficiency Strategy, industry has continued with the Energy Efficiency Accord. 333. Eskom is undertaking an aggressive national demand-side management (DSM) programme intended to effect permanent reductions in demand of approximately 3,000MW by 2012 and a further 5,000MW in the subsequent 13 years to 2025. The programme’s objective is to alleviate imminent supply constraints and obviate the need for more costly supply options that are currently under consideration. Germany 334. In August 2007 a new information centre IZ Klima (Informationszentrum klimafreundliches Kohlekraftwerk www.iz-klima.de) was set up in Germany to establish a platform for the exchange of information on the development of CO 2 -free power plants as well as to research the technological and economic potential of this technology. IZ Klima was founded by seven companies: Alstom Power, EnBW, E.ON, Hitachi Power Europe, RWE Power, Siemens Power Generation, and Vattenfall Europe. Several ministries, and research institutes from Potsdam and Hamburg, are also represented on the advisory board. 335. The early 2007 EU Commission Energy Strategy paper requires 12 large scale demonstration power plants with CCS technology to be in place by 2020. To reach this goal, several German energy companies are already working on pilot projects and demonstration power plants - some including the whole CO 2 chain from combustion to storage. 336. Estimates made by energy institutes as preparation for energy programme talks in Germany suggest that a market driven breakthrough of CCS could happen at CO 2 emission permit prices above €36/tonne CO 2 . RWE Power is taking a lead role in building a 450 MW IGCC CCS demonstration plant which will go on stream in 2014 and includes storage. A second project has been launched by Vattenfall, and E.ON is also planning to invest heavily in clean coal technology. Spain 337. A CCS research platform involving the electricity and oil industries and several research institutions has been created in Spain. It is intended to develop a CO 2 capture and storage project at a 320MW ELCOGAS IGCC plant currently in commercial operation. - 56 -
Turkey 338. In cooperation with universities, Research & Development studies on installing a pilotscale Coal-to-Liquids plant at one of TKI’s mines are continuing. United Kingdom 339. BP has abandoned plans for a £500m UK carbon capture power plant at Peterhead in Aberdeenshire, citing government delays as the reason. 340. CCS is a vital strategic element in the plan to minimise the impact of coal combustion on climate change, but it is a costly process and current price signals from the traded carbon market are insufficient to support economic investment in this technology. A robust and enduring post 2012 carbon market framework will therefore be key to delivering the right investment signals for CCS. In the meantime, the UK Government will launch a competition later in 2007 to develop a commercial scale clean coal CCS demonstration which will be used to test the technological viability of the process. Simultaneously, the eligibility of CCS under the EUETS will be addressed from legal and regulatory perspectives. 341. On the R&D front, a new Energy Technologies Institute focusing on low carbon energy technologies is in the process of being established. - 57 -
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COAL INDUSTRY ADVISORY BOARD Intern
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Author’s Note: The report has bee
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1 HIGH LEVEL MESSAGES 1.1 CIAB Poli
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commercialisation process; • saw
Page 9 and 10: 33. Many companies have announced p
Page 11 and 12: 2 CIAB WORK PROGRAMME 42. During th
Page 13 and 14: November 2006, and Andy Lloyd’s r
Page 15 and 16: 3 OVERVIEW OF WORLD COAL MARKET DEV
Page 17 and 18: are 3 million and 2.5 million tonne
Page 19 and 20: 90. For the USA, the IEA estimates
Page 21 and 22: 103. According to preliminary EIA e
Page 23 and 24: of steel increased by 19% in 2006 a
Page 25 and 26: 128. There are 27.8 billion tonnes
Page 27 and 28: however, were also 17% lower. 144.
Page 29 and 30: 70.00 Chart 4 - Capesize Coal Freig
Page 31 and 32: © OECD/IEA, 2007 165. Australian c
Page 33 and 34: 140 Chart 7 - MCIS Steam Coal Marke
Page 35 and 36: 4 ISSUES RELATED TO COAL 4.1 Sustai
Page 37 and 38: 196. States are taking independent
Page 39 and 40: New Zealand 211. A comprehensive re
Page 41 and 42: which combines sustainable developm
Page 43 and 44: power stations. 235. The European C
Page 45 and 46: also able to transfer its rights to
Page 47 and 48: collaborators. • The CO2CRC Otway
Page 49 and 50: Australia 267. The Australian Gover
Page 51 and 52: Japan 279. Power station operations
Page 53 and 54: • Fortune Minerals Limited applie
Page 55 and 56: • Mbokodo Mining (Pty) Ltd 0.50Mt
Page 57 and 58: 4.3 Developments in Clean Coal/Near
Page 59: 322. A 250MW air-blown IGCC demonst
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