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as an extension of the current mission and will provide training to the Bosnian armed forces. The number of personnel involved training will be of 200 taken from the currently deployed troops. The Council has also re-affirmed that the EU military mission will not lose its executive powers until the Office of the High Representative is closed. This is in turn linked to the fulfilment of the Bosnian Government to meet the five plus two agenda set by the Peace Implementation Council. Civilian /Military SSR EU SSR Guinea Bissau - 12 February 2008 to 30 May 2010 The EU mission continues to play its advisory role on SSR to the Guinea Bissauen Government. The EU is working on all the dimension of the security sector namely the police, the armed forces, and the justice system. There is positive feedback and a welcoming attitude form the President and the government is to pass a package of laws including the EU’s recommendations. The debate on the mission’s future is ongoing and the EU SSR is likely to stay on for about a year. The end goal will eventually be to transfer SSR activities to other EU and International institutions, namely the Commission, the EEAS (when established) and the UN. EUSEC DR Congo - 1 July 2007 – 30 September 2010 The EU security sector reform (SSR) work in Congo is being realized in a very complicated environment. The reforming of the Congolese army is a job to be achieved when an army is stationed and not deployed. However in the past four years the Congolese army has been deployed in the east and the equatorial regions of the country. Reform has been effective in some cases but there is feeling among the mission’s personnel that everything has to be restarted every six months as there is a constant change in the Congolese armed forces staff. In addition, another condition for achieving a successful SSR is for all the dimensions of the security sector to be addressed. This includes the armed forces, the police, the judicial system and the intelligence service. This is not the case in Congo. Furthermore, even if there are various other actors present on the ground such as the UN and EUPOL working on other aspects of the security sector than EUSEC, the limitation of the missions’ mandate restrains their ability to perform a real comprehensive reform of the security sector. This angle of analysis is directed at criticising the international missions, but to understand the extent of the work that needs to be achieved in the DRC. 1 Furthermore a third condition to achieve a successful SSR is a clear will of the host country to undergo reform and this is not always the case with the Congolese Government. All these three negative dimensions therefore help us understand the lack of result on SSR in Congo. In October/November 2009, the mission supported FARDC in processing 20,000 new troops, (integrated from ex-rebels of CNDP and armed groups) in the Kivus and the three principle integration centres. As such, EUSEC is following its programme of prioritising the modernisation of the administrative procedures and EUSEC can pride itself on concrete achievements, especially on the chains of payment which has been implemented last year and continues. The work done included the provision of ID card to the army personnel facilitating payments of salaries. It has also successfully separated the chain of payment to the chain of commands which was essentially the root cause of the problem, as senior military created fake soldiers in their register in order to cash in the salary of these “ghost soldiers”. According to the Head of Mission, EUSEC is also engaged in re-establishing a training system whilst targeting an overall framework of reform. The main project for the mission mandate is to equip a training centre in Kitona, which aims to instil morale and allow for training in theory and military techniques (including infantry and artillery techniques) for 800 officers. Regarding redress of violence against women and impunity, EUSEC is also striving to create better relations between the Congolese military and civil society. The mission has thus deployed detachments in five towns: Kinshasa, Lubumbashi, Kisangani, Goma and Bukavu. Even so, capabilities remain a problem in EUSEC and the mission remains understaffed. This is especially linked to the fact that all the personnel working in the DRC needs to speak French, which therefore restricts the number of people who can apply for the job. Civilian SSR EUPOL RD Congo - 1 July 2007 to 30 June 2010 As in the case of EUSEC RD Congo, EUPOL is facing serious capability shortage problems, there are currently 25 people deployed of the 47 pledged. The 1 See http://www.isis-europe.org/pdf/2009_artrel_242_esdp&drcgender-report.pdf European Security Review no. 48, February 2010, ISIS Europe page 14
CIVCOM is following up on the work done on the force generation process started by the Swedish Presidency in order to tackle that problem. The Head of Mission decided to deploy two teams of prosecutor and gender expert in the east of the country in order to fight gender based violence and impunity. He deemed it a necessary step for the legitimacy of the mission, as it is of utmost importance to fight such a large scale problem. Work within the “Comité de Suivi de la Réforme de la Police » continues and the mission is satisfied by the legal package soon to be adopted by the Congolese Government. EUPOL Afghanistan - 30 May 2007 to 30 May 2010 Following the last call for contribution for the EU Police Mission in Afghanistan, the Head of Mission, Kai Vittrup, expects the number of mission international personnel to rise to 325/350 by the end of March. Combined with some 170 local staff, this would bring the mission size to up to 520. There is also an additional 17.4 million euro for the period December 2009 - 30 May 2010. The London Conference on Afghanistan on 28 January called for an increase of the Afghan police numbers to 139,000. This has increased the workload on EUPOL significantly, however there is now a good and clear division of labour between the EU mission and the NATO Training Mission in Afghanistan (NTM-A) which should facilitate the training process. The provision of security to EUPOL’s personnel remains a difficult question and a formal agreement between EUPOL and NATO will prove hard to develop. The more likely to be achieved is a memorandum of understanding with the EU mission and ISAF. EUPOL will have to continue to rely on bilateral agreement with the Member States which control Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRTs). As mentioned in our previous update, the lack of security provision is the main hindering factor to EUPOL’s work as deployment to other provinces, which is a necessary condition to adequately fulfil its mandate. Security therefore remains one of the main obstacles to the mission work. In addition, finding accommodation for personnel is already hard for the mission where it is currently located and it would be even harder in other provinces. As far as equipment is concerned, EUPOL urgently needs armoured cars. The question of security has been even more central to the mission considering the Taliban’s attack of January 20 which killed two Afghan Police and wounded two. The incident put into question the “ring of steel” security architecture designed by EUPOL of the Afghan capital, which until now, was deemed very secure. The strategy paper issued on policing by the Minister of Interior, Hanif Atmar, has been very helpful for EUPOL in order to focus its work and to allow the mission to expose and prove its added value. EUPOL has the support of the Minister Atmar and is now recognized by the US, (which was not the case previously) as a crucial player in the police training architecture in Afghanistan. Kai Vittrup has proved to really turn things around in positive way for EUPOL and this has substantially raised the mission’s profile among all the security actors in Afghanistan. The European Parliament is preparing a report which notes the need to strengthen the institutional and administrative capacity of the Afghan State, particularly to structures beyond that of the police. Indeed, judicial strengthening is badly needed, particularly when it comes to human rights and violation of women. In November 2009, the Council included human rights and gender mainstreaming as one of the six strategic priorities for EUPOL. Given the recent moves of Pakistan to assist in training, the Council of the EU is also exploring a possible EU SSR assistance mission to Pakistan possibly encompassing human rights, rule of law and counter-terrorism. EUPOL COPPS Palestinian Territories - 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2010 Paul Robert Kernaghan has been replaced by Henrik MALMQUIST On 1 January 2010 as Head of Mission for EUPOL COPPS. The mission is continuing to work on the consolidation between the police sector and the justice system. In addition, EUPOL COPPS has coordinated trainings of 6 Senior Prosecutors and 10 PCP Investigation officers on Crime scene and Forensic Evidence. 2 The Palestinian Prime Minister Salam Fayyad supports the mission, but it is now time for the EU to rethink its activity and foster more cooperation between the CSDP mission and the Commission activity. EUPM Bosnia & Herzegovina - 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2010 The mission was restructured on 1 January 2010. The focus of the mission is now fighting organized crime 2 “Training Prosecutors, Palestinian Civil Police Officers in Germany”, 19 January 2010, WAFA Palestinian News Agency http://english.wafa.ps/?action=detail&id=13633 European Security Review no. 48, February 2010, ISIS Europe page 15
Page 1 and 2: A news review of European Security
Page 3 and 4: The 2010 NPT Review Conference: Loo
Page 5 and 6: disarmament, and do so in a meaning
Page 7 and 8: evaluation of current policy and pr
Page 9 and 10: • Discussions in the NATO-Russia
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Page 13: CSDP and EU mission updates - Febru
Page 17 and 18: independence of the breakaway regio
Page 19 and 20: CSDP Mission Analysis Partnership w
Page 21: ISIS Europe - chart and table of CS

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