Knauf Seismic Design

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Seismic Zones Every country has different seismic zones that refer to nominal horizontal ground accelerations depending on the regional seismic activity (table 2). In table 1 the zones have been allocated to the internationally recognized EMS-98-scale (table 1) in order to ensure the international comparability of national guidelines. With 12 intensity classifi cations this scale specifi es earthquake intensities based on their effects on human beings and buildings. It is a better scale than the well-known Richter scale that provides us with the energy release rate at the epicenter of earthquakes. The effect on buildings, however, depends on the epicenter‘s distance to the earth’s surface. The values stated in table 2 are the nominal ground accelerations. For calculation purposes, other mathematical factors such as behavioral, soil group, and building classifi cation factors have to be additionally applied as set down in the national standards. Usually, the vertical acceleration is neglected. It can, however, amount to up to 50 % of the horizontal acceleration. In individual cases it might have to be taken into consideration for certain construction components. Tabelle 1: European Macroseismic Scale 1998 EMS-98 [5] EMS intensity Definition Description of typical observed effects (abstracted) I Not felt Not felt. II Scarcely felt Felt only by very few individual people at rest in houses. III Weak Felt indoors by a few people. People at rest feel a swaying or light trembling. IV Largely observed Felt indoors by many people, outdoors by very few. A few people are awakened. Windows, doors and dishes rattle. V Strong Felt indoors by most, outdoors by few. Many sleeping people awake. A few are frightened. Buildings tremble throughout. Hanging objects swing considerably. Small objects are shifted. Doors and windows swing open or shut. VI Slightly damaging Many people are frightened and run outdoors. Some objects fall. Many houses suffer slight non-structural damage like hair-line cracks and fall of small pieces of plaster. VII Damaging Most people are frightened and run outdoors. Furniture is shifted and objects fall from shelves in large numbers. Many well built ordinary buildings suffer moderate damage: small cracks in walls, fall of plaster, parts of chimneys fall down; older buildings may show large cracks in walls and failure of fi ll-in walls. VIII Heavily damaging Many people fi nd it diffi cult to stand. Many houses have large cracks in walls. A few well built ordinary buildings show serious failure of walls, while weak older structures may collapse. IX Destructive General panic. Many weak constructions collapse. Even well built ordinary buildings show very heavy damage: serious failure of walls and partial structural failure. X Very destructive Many ordinary well built buildings collapse. XI Devastating Most ordinary well built buildings collapse, even some with good earthquake resistant design are destroyed. XII Completely devastating Almost all buildings are destroyed. 4
Knauf Seismic Design Seismic Zones and Seismic Intensities Table 2: Seismic zones in selected countries EMS- 98- Scale Appropriate horizontal ground acceleration Argentina INPRES-CIRSOC 103 Part I 1991 Austria ÖNORM B4015 2002 Bulgaria Code for seismic Design 1987 Chile NCH 433 Of 96 1996 China GB/T177742 1999 CIS SNiP II-7-81* 2000 Germany DIN 4149-1 1981 a [m/s²] Zone a 0 [m/s²] Zone a 0 [m/s²] Zone a 0 [m/s²] Zone a 0 [m/s²] Zone a 0 [m/s²] Zone a 0 [m/s²] Zone a 0 [m/s²] I < 0.01 II 0.01-0.025 III 0.025-0.05 0 0-0.35 A 0 IV 0.05-0.12 0 ≤ 0.39 0 V 0.12 - 0.25 1 1.96 0.22-0.44 VI 0.25 - VI 0.49 1 0.35-0.50 0 0 0.50 1 0.40-0.98 0.45-0.89 VII 0.50 - 2 0.50-0.75 VII 0.98 1 0.25 1.0 1.0 3 0.75-1.00 2 0.40 2 0.99-1.77 0.90-1.77 VIII 1.0 - VIII 1.47 3 0.65 2.0 2.0 4 1.00 3 1.78-2.45 2 1.96-2.94 1.78-3.53 IX 2.0- IX 2.65 4.0 4.0 4 2.46-3.43 3 2.94-3.92 3.54-7.07 X 4.0 - 4 >1.00 8.0 XI 8.0 - 16.0 XII > 16.0 7.08- 14.14 EMS- Appropriate Greece Iran Italy Romania Switzerland Turkey 98- horizontal EAK 2000 Document technical government order P 100-92 SIA 261 ABYYHY Scale ground No. 2800 2 nd ed. acceleration 2000 1999 2004 1992 2003 1998 a [m/s²] Zone a 0 [m/s²] Zone a 0 [m/s²] Zone a 0 [m/s²] Zone a 0 [m/s²] Zone a 0 [m/s²] Zone a 0 [m/s²] I < 0.01 II 0.01-0.025 III 0.025-0.05 IV 0.05-0.12 4 ≤ 0.49 V 0.12 - 0.25 4 1.96 VI 0.25 - 0.50 VII 0.50 - 1 0.6 F 0.78 1.0 3 0.5-1.47 2 1.0 VIII 1.0 - I 1.18 E 1.18 3a 1.3 4 ≤1.0 2.0 II 1.57 D 1.57 3b 1.6 2 1.47-2.45 IX 2.0 3 2.45 C 1.96 3 2.0 III 2.53 - 2 2.94 B 2.45 2 3.0 4.0 IV 3.53 1 3.43 A 3.14 X 4.0 - 1 4.0 8.0 1 > 2.45 XI 8.0 - 16.0 XII > 16.0 5
Page 1 and 2: Knauf Seismic Design Edition 08/200
Page 3: Soft Buildings Advantages: Appropri
Page 7 and 8: Knauf Seismic Design Less Weight -
Page 9 and 10: Knauf Seismic Design Applications N
Page 11 and 12: Table 6: Maximum Resistible Horizon
Page 13 and 14: Table 8: Knauf Suspenders 0.25 kN A
Page 15 and 16: Table 10: Collapse loads for metal
Page 17 and 18: Knauf Seismic Design Material Value
Page 19 and 20: Table 14: Selected international st

Knauf Seismic Design

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