Annual Bulletin 2009 - Ministry of Works and Human Settlement

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Annual Information Bulletin 2009 Figure 1.1 Organizational Structure of Ministry of Works and Human Settlement MINISTRY SECRETARIAT INTERNAL AUDIT SERVICES ICT UNIT HR DIVISION ADM. &FINANCE DIVISION POLICY &PLANNING DIVISION CORPORATION DEPT. OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT & ENGINEERING SERVICES DEPARTMENT OF ROADS REGULATORY AUTHORITIES THIMPHU CITY CORPORATION PHUNTSHOLING CITY CORPORATION ENGINEERING SERVICES DIVISION URBAN PLANNING & DESIGN DIVISION URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES DIVISION ROADS DIVISION INVESTIGATION & DEVELOPMENT DIVISION SURVEY & DESIGN DIVISION BRIDGE DIVISION STANDARDS & QUALITY CONTROL AUTHORITY CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT BOARD RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES DIVISION PROJECT SERVICES CONSTRUCTION DIVISON REGIONAL OFFICE 4
Annual Information Bulletin 2009 BACKGROUND CHAPTER 2 DEPARTMENT OF ROADS Being landlocked, Bhutan is fully dependent on road network for transportation. Given the country’s mountainous terrain, provision of road services is extremely difficult and costly. Nevertheless, major investments until now have been channeled into road and bridge infrastructures due to the fact that national security and socio-economic development of the country largely depends on a safe, efficient and reliable road network. The further development of the road network as an important part of the expansion of strategic infrastructure programme will effectively contribute to the reduction of poverty, an overarching goal of the 10 th Five Year Plan. This is evident from a series of studies, conducted within the country. In the Vulnerability Assessment and Mapping Study 2005, 37% of the most vulnerable Gewogs indicated that the improvement of road accessibility would reduce food insecurity in their Gewogs. Participatory Policy Impact Assessment (PPIA) of Rural Roads on Rural Poverty, conducted by the GNH Commission, also showed a similar result. Generally, roads help integrate rural communities and dispersed regions to the national economy and enjoy a greater share and benefits of development. A well connected national highway and road network system interlinked with rural feeder and farm roads would greatly help reduce rural and regional isolation, expand rural access to social services and urban/export markets and create conditions required to promote rural industrialization and non-farm enterprises. Additionally, the national road and transport connection between regional growth centres, national cities and the various small and medium towns would facilitate growth and development of urban areas and commercial hubs around the country. Currently, there are over 5964 km of roads of different categories comprising of 1685 km of Primary National Highways, 491km of Secondary National Highways, 883 km of Dzongkhag Roads, 207 km of Thromde Roads, 1396 km of Farm Roads and 1303 km of Access Roads (Access roads comprise of forest roads, health roads, education roads, telecommunications roads, power roads, private roads, project roads and public roads) The existing roads, rural road network in particular, still remains inadequate in terms of both connectivity and coverage. The Population and Housing Census (PHCB) 2005 indicates that 9.7% of the population live more than 6 hours walk away from the nearest motor road and that the rural households in six districts comprise about 73% of this percentage. The country is dependent on a single East-West national highway running through the northern part of the country. The absence of such an alternative transnational highway running through the south has constrained travel from one part of the country to the other. Furthermore, the existing road network is lengthy and susceptible to blocks due to natural calamities and heavy snowfalls. Owing to the difficult topography and resource constraints, roads are generally built following land contours with the minimum number of bridges as possible. Hence, the roads in general, are narrow with sharp curves and steep gradients, prone to 5
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Annual Bulletin 2009 - Ministry of Works and Human Settlement

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