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Figure 2: Vis-À-Vis GUI start page – corpus upload if either word forms or lemmas are to be considered in the analysis process. The option -l chooses the level of extraction and comparison (lexical, co-occurrence, or anacolutha). The option -e takes corpus-external knowledge for the variety of all kinds as input, lexicon entries (oneword units) with PoS and lemma information and external knowledge lists with certain prefixes to each of their filenames. Finally, the option -i is used to specify if the two input corpora are in text format or if they are available corpora indexed for CQP. As results, the user gets general data, e. g. regarding the comparability of the two corpora, as well as the locations of the comparison output files to view or further process printed in the terminal window. Graphical user interface For easier accessibility of Vis-À-Vis, users can upload their data over a GUI and are guided through the options for the comparison process up to the download of their analysis results. In figure 2, the start page of the Vis-À-Vis GUI is shown by a screenshot to give an idea of its layout. After choosing the kind of corpus input and providing the data locations, lists with corpus-external knowledge can be uploaded, if available. In the second step, the desired analysis and comparison level is chosen, and after the Vis-À-Vis run, the result data can be viewed and downloaded for further processing. Through the GUI, also a direct link to Korpus Südtirol for the verification of South Tyrolean phenomena and for context search is provided. Extensions In the stand-alone version, several possibilities to adapt and extend the system are given, for example: integration of additional annotation, extraction, and comparison tools, usage of other comparability measures, extension of the analysis levels, enhancement of the filtering, application of additional statistical measures for comparison, or adaptation to other languages. Also the integration of the tool into a larger corpus processing architecture is a possible and promising development to be followed further. 3 Evaluation and conclusion The system evaluation using Abfalterer’s Südtirolisms as a gold standard showed promising results for Vis-À-Vis’ approach. First concrete outcomes obtained by using Vis-À-Vis for lexicographic tasks are new as well as refined dictionary entries for South Tyrolean German, e. g. for the lemmas ehestens (as soon as possible), Konsortium (consortium), ober (above), or weiters (furthermore); for details see Abel and Anstein (2011). Detailed precision, recall, and f-score values on the basis of different parameters can be found in Anstein (to appear). Given such findings, it seems worth following Vis-À-Vis’ approach and develop it further to provide an even more useful NLP tool for traditional linguistics, also to serve in other fields than regional variety linguistics – wherever corpora are to be compared in order to find significantly different phenomena. 246 Proceedings of KONVENS 2012 (Main track: poster presentations), Vienna, September 20, 2012
References Andrea Abel and Stefanie Anstein. 2011. Korpus Südtirol - Varietätenlinguistische Untersuchungen. In Andrea Abel and Renata Zanin, editors, Korpusinstrumente in Lehre und Forschung, Bolzano. University Press. Heidemaria Abfalterer. 2007. Der Südtiroler Sonderwortschatz aus plurizentrischer Sicht: lexikalischsemantische Besonderheiten im Standarddeutsch Südtirols, volume 72 of Germanistische Reihe. Innsbruck University Press. Ulrich Ammon, Hans Bickel, Jakob Ebner, Ruth Esterhammer, Markus Gasser, Lorenz Hofer, Birte Kellermeier-Rehbein, Heinrich Löffler, Doris Mangott, Hans Moser, Robert Schläpfer, Michael Schloßmacher, Regula Schmidlin, and Günter Vallaster. 2004. Variantenwörterbuch des Deutschen. Die Standardsprache in Österreich, der Schweiz und Deutschland sowie in Liechtenstein, Luxemburg, Ostbelgien und Südtirol. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York. Ulrich Ammon. 1995. Die deutsche Sprache in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Das Problem der nationalen Varietäten. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York. Stefanie Anstein, Margit Oberhammer, and Stefanos Petrakis. 2011. Korpus Südtirol - Aufbau und Abfrage. In Andrea Abel and Renata Zanin, editors, Korpusinstrumente in Lehre und Forschung, Bolzano. University Press. Stefanie Anstein. to appear. Computational Approaches to the Comparison of Regional Variety Corpora – Prototyping a Semi-automatic System for German. PhD thesis. Maria Fernanda Bacelar do Nascimento, José Bettencourt Gonçalves, Luísa Pereira, Antónia Estrela, Alfonso Pereira, Rui Santos, and Sancho M. Oliveira. 2006. The African Varieties of Portuguese: Compiling Comparable Corpora and Analyzing Data-derived Lexicon. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC 2006), pages 1791–1794, Genoa, Italy. Oliver Christ. 1994. A Modular and Flexible Architecture for an Integrated Corpus Query System. In Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Computational Lexicography and Text Research (COM- PLEX), pages 23–32, Budapest. Michael G. Clyne, editor. 1992. Pluricentric languages: Differing norms in different nations. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York. Henrik Dittmann, Matej Ďurčo, Alexander Geyken, Tobias Roth, and Kai Zimmer. 2012. Korpus C4 – a distributed corpus of German varieties. In Thomas Schmidt and Kai Wörner, editors, Multilingual Corpora and Multilingual Corpus Analysis, number 14 in Hamburg Studies in Multilingualism (HSM). John Benjamins, Amsterdam. Ted Dunning. 1993. Accurate methods for the statistics of surprise and coincidence. Computational Linguistics, 19(1). Kurt Egger and Franz Lanthaler, editors. 2001. Die deutsche Sprache in Südtirol. Einheitssprache und regionale Vielfalt. Folio, Vienna / Bolzano. Stefan Evert. 2004. The Statistics of Word Cooccurrences: Word Pairs and Collocations. Ph.D. thesis, University of Stuttgart. Ulrich Heid. 2011. Korpusbasierte Beschreibung der Variation bei Kollokationen: Deutschland – Österreich – Schweiz – Südtirol. In Stefan Engelberg, Anke Holler, and Kristel Proost, editors, Sprachliches Wissen zwischen Lexikon und Grammatik, Jahrbuch 2010. De Gruyter, Institut für Deutsche Sprache, Mannheim. Adam Kilgarriff and David Tugwell. 2002. Sketching words. Lexicography and Natural Language Processing: A Festschrift in Honour of B. T. S. Atkins, pages 125–137. Tony McEnery, Richard Xiao, and Yukio Tono. 2006. Corpus-Based Language Studies - An Advanced resource book. Routledge Applied Linguistics. Routledge. Gerald Nelson. 2006. The core and periphery of world englishes: a corpus-based exploration. World Englishes, 25(1):115–129. Paul Rayson and Roger Garside. 2000. Comparing corpora using frequency profiling. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Comparing Corpora, pages 1– 6. Helmut Schmid. 1994. Probabilistic part-of-speech tagging using decision trees. In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Methods in Language Processing, Manchester. Josef Schmied. 2009. Contrastive corpus studies. In Anke Lüdeling and Merja Kytö, editors, Corpus Linguistics. An International Handbook., number 29 in Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science, chapter 54, pages 1140–1159. De Gruyter, Berlin. Michael Stubbs. 1986. Lexical density: A computational technique and some findings. In Malcolm Coultard, editor, Talking about Text. Studies Presented to David Brazil on His Retirement, pages 27– 42. English Language Research, Birmingham. 247 Proceedings of KONVENS 2012 (Main track: poster presentations), Vienna, September 20, 2012
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11 th Conference on Natural Languag
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Table of Contents Main conference P
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Comparing variety corpora with vis-
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LexSem 2012: Workshop on Recent Dev
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KONVENS 2012 The 11 th Conference o
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Organizers: Jeremy Jancsary (ÖGAI/
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Ines Rehbein (Potsdam University) M
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Integrating viewpoints into newspap
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Phonetically aided syntactic parsin
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The Statistical Approach to Natural
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Data-driven Knowledge Extraction fo
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4 The Different Relations Types In
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Relation Type #Patterns Examples Su
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Suits-to Served-with Substituted-by
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References Timothy Chklovski and Pa
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1.2 Problem Definitions In a MRA, t
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oot person organisation product ...
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Group Organis. Persons Products all
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Method α α+β α+γ all SentiWS 0
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A Supervised POS Tagger for Written
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Our tagset mixes and matches tags a
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ecause the enclitic pronoun is an i
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stochastic rules as opposed to larg
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Kevin Duh, and Katrin Kirchhoff. 20
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forms, and that existentials can be
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Pseudo Verb Punctuation PNC
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NLP Workflow for On-line Definition
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nological phrases on the basis of p
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Figure 2: A screenshot of the entir
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When analyzing the evaluation sets
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Projecting Semantic Roles via Tai M
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quent prediction, return it (iii) i
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for the B/T/FT settings. This is pr
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ut it is implied by Table 3 and Fig
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References Wanxiang Che, Zhenghua L
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Our ultimate goal is to develop com
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ADORNING CAUSE_FLUIDIC_MOTION COTHE
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English nouns, verbs, adjectives, a
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considerably worse than FrameNet. T
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Extraction. In Proceedings of the 1
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lexicon from a document-derived voc
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Initialize hypernym set H to contai
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ulary distance. Let d(a, b) denote
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the reduced lexicon (243) was neare
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Adding nominal spice to SALSA - fra
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SALSA verbs nouns 0 FE 0 2 1 FE 68
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gen, which in one of its meanings i
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In the next section we describe how
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Acknowledgments This work was funde
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most commonly used (Turney and Pant
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anteed because the forward feature
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5 000 feat ICA50 SVD50 SENNA Semcat
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words bicycle and tricycle go with
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of the Twelfth European Conference
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incorporate the context information
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those candidate phrases that are an
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5.2 Evaluation Metrics for WPD The
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Runs F-measures α=0.5 α=0.2 Pur.
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Evaluations (SemEval-2007), June (2
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2 Related Work The majority of pape
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and Roth, 2009; Lin and Wu, 2009).
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Features Dev Test CoNLL-2003 w 0 +
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Feature Dev Test Test+ — 93.78 91
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the Joint Conference of the 47th An
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tion. It was first included as a sp
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indicates the presence of the ellip
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[Armada britainiarrak] [Ipar Irland
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Información, (JOTRI 2003), pages 1
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Phonetically aided Syntactic Parsin
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mar network or PCFG. Grammar networ
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phonetic confusion that has the con
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in confusion in the network. This i
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Linguistic analyses of the LAST MIN
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Table 1: Comparison between corpora
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Table 2: Most frequent POS patterns
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Table 3: A problematic dialog situa
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6 Summary We have presented the cur
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S-restricted monotone alignments St
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s k n i i: f phh ohehnh ih xh s k n
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Dataset µ G µ P P [G>15] P [P >15
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Perplexity H(L | P ) 2PKE-Uni 7.002
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(1, 1) (2, 1) (3, 1) (4, 1) (1, 2)
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Use of linguistic features for impr
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whereas English has a verb-initial
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Accuracy of Accuracy of Accuracy of
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English Persian Train: Sentences 30
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to compensate for sparsity of paral
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Name # Documents # Tokens # Lemmas
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Figure 1: Precision-Recall graphs c
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A Multi-level Annotation Model for
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and sentence level with the aim of
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(Schmid, 1995; Schiller et al., 199
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EI EII Tag AKR MARK Typography ITER
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References Saima Aman and Stan Szpa
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Robust processing of noisy web-coll
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1. first strip of the papery skin o
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References Jon Chamberlain, Massimo
Page 195 and 196: ments between its LSRs. Additionall
Page 197 and 198: Figure 3: In the sense comparison v
Page 199 and 200: Using Information Retrieval Technol
Page 201 and 202: against every tree. Others avoid th
Page 203 and 204: A 0.780715 NN Figure 4: A sp
Page 205 and 206: # #Documents Index Size 1 29,704 1.
Page 207 and 208: References P. Bański, C. Belica, H
Page 209 and 210: (2012), in their corpus study of va
Page 211 and 212: DET NSUBJ ADV OBJA AMOD Seine Tante
Page 213 and 214: A Computational Semantic Analysis o
Page 215 and 216: (6) a. Is Spain very large? b. Is B
Page 217 and 218: References Alan C. Bale. 2008. A Un
Page 219 and 220: 219 Proceedings of KONVENS 2012 (Ma
Page 221 and 222: 221 Proceedings of KONVENS 2012 (Ma
Page 223 and 224: Using subcategorization frames to i
Page 225 and 226: 5.2 Word clustering based on the Le
Page 227 and 228: erage of english grammars. In Proce
Page 229 and 230: cases not disambiguated using langu
Page 231 and 232: Not surprisingly, the results show
Page 233 and 234: Automatic Identification of Languag
Page 235 and 236: Differences also appear at the synt
Page 237 and 238: Acknowledgments The authors express
Page 239 and 240: 2 Related Work Previous work on POS
Page 241 and 242: The XY tag is used for all non-word
Page 243 and 244: Comparing Variety Corpora with Vis-
Page 245: INPUT variety corpus comparability
Page 249 and 250: Features Context features (token wi
Page 251 and 252: 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 F-measure 0
Page 253 and 254: ties into fine-grained classes. In
Page 255 and 256: verbials (e.g., therefore, still).
Page 257 and 258: word raw freq. non conn. conn. (of
Page 259 and 260: Corpus-based Acquisition of German
Page 261 and 262: Events Objects IPrec CPrec IPrec CP
Page 263 and 264: References Marco Baroni, Silvia Ber
Page 265 and 266: Preface The present proceedings con
Page 267 and 268: Workshop Program Friday, September
Page 269 and 270: Unsupervised Sentiment Analysis wit
Page 271 and 272: pling (Geman and Geman, 1984) to es
Page 273 and 274: References Anders Björkelund, Bern
Page 275 and 276: Class # Events in % neutral 45’01
Page 277 and 278: 3.1.1 Rules Let t 1..n be tokens of
Page 279 and 280: Human 6 System 6 Human 4 System 4 A
Page 281 and 282: Codebuch Akteursanalyse. rev. 2011.
Page 283 and 284: of our work in the whole applicatio
Page 285 and 286: 3.4 Negation and graduation Valence
Page 287 and 288: local context. For instance, in une
Page 289 and 290: n’était pas très favorable au G
Page 291 and 292: Domain-specific variation of sentim
Page 293 and 294: query building blocks comments real
Page 295 and 296: References Monica Bednarek. 2006. E
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3 Basic Methodology of Annotation T
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(3) A. V případě jeho kandidatur
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4.3 Auxiliary data - Mall.cz We hav
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Overlap f-score Source 0.750 Polar
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A Phrase-Based Opinion List for the
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the Stuttgart-Tübingen Tagset (STT
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As for noun-based opinion phrases a
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More than half of the words and phr
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treebank. In Proceedings of the Wor
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Apart from these, we distinguish op
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close variants)”. In fact importa
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What is the Meaning of 5 *’s? An
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For each category, we follow (Const
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Positivity Term 2.87692577130 elske
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In recent years, the use of rating
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KONVENS 2012 LThist 2012: First Int
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Organisation Committee: Thierry Dec
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Workshop Program Friday, September
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Rule-Based Normalisation of Histori
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isation rules were applied to the i
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ments in the gold standard have bee
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cation in the contemporary SUC samp
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proach. References Maria Ågren, Ro
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2 Related Work There has been consi
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vided to ensure that they are norma
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alects, or even languages. Norma ca
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ization (rather than modernization)
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The Sketch Engine as infrastructure
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2.1 The Corpus of English Dialogues
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Other notable contrasts are that 17
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Evaluating a Post-editing Approach
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Figure 1: Example of a marriage lic
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all possible concatenations of indi
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Table 3: Post-editing results. Time
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okstaffua, bokstaffwa, bokstafwa, b
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Rule Cost v↔u 0.1 v↔w 0.1 u↔o
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graphic word boundaries and conside
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ation. Gulordava and Baroni (2011),
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ut adding a statistical measure to
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e.g. philosophical and political pr
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of the EACL 2009 Workshop on GEMS:
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Most of the research on genre class
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Precision Recall F 1 Unigrams 0.551
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The DTA ‘base format’: A TEI-Su
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Lib are complementary in the sense
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inline metadata solutions for edito
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ing. The fourth level contains an e
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the work package ‘Resources and T
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is mainly used with parallel corpor
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Corrections by the editor were omit
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Accuracy N % All Words 781/1000 78.
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$$ $$ $$ $$ $$ $$ $$ $$ $$ Figure 4
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Digitised Historical Text: Does it
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3 Related Work Previous research on
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5.1 End-of-line Soft Hyphen Deletio
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quite difficult to get an idea of h
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References Ahmad Abdulkader and Mat
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cision, recall, and F1. Section 4 d
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not corrected corrected p P R F1 P
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From Semi-Automatic to Automatic Af
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Figure 2: ER-Diagramm of the Morphi
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Figure 4: Morphilizer’s implement
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Figure 6: Architecture of Morphorm
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References Harald R. Baayen, R. Pie
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edition has been adopted. This is d
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marginalia, emendations or punctuat
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Word Lemma Class Subclass Type Tens
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Figure 3. Sample screenshot of comp
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KONVENS 2012 LexSem 2012: Workshop
Page 435 and 436:
English) closely and discusses the
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Workshop Program Friday, September
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verbs were collected mostly from an
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3 Theoretical Background Let us now
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are sensible to semantic properties
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Cançado, Márcia and Amaral, Luana
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morphological tagger for Russian la
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whom/which something is taken. (7cz
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Verb class same frame different fra
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Construction Grammar are introduced
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posed to Hon åker på måndag ‘S
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nitions of Agent, for example. Inst
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Framenet++, VR dnr 2010-6013), by t
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Källström and Inger Lindberg, edi
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scoring function σ : W ×L×W →
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esults in the triple 〈heutige Son
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Unlexicalized links 7,833,635 n (i)
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The difference in accuracies betwee
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Towards high-accuracy bilingual phr
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over a set of candidate translation
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each soft restriction soft m set on
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(> 98% in scalable precision) and a
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References Colin Bannard and Chris
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Preface The need for automatically
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15:50-16:15 Coffee break 16:15-16:4
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Standards for the technical infrast
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⎡ ⎤ phrase CATEGORY np ⎡ ⎤
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The representation of the feature v
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ement, while the interpretation as
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hand, checking the validity of FSR
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Standardizing metadata descriptions
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2 LMF and semantic interoperability
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can register and create DCs. Users
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all kinds of lexemes, (see Cruse (1
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constraints, because many aspects o
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Menzo Windhouwer. 2012. RELcat: a R
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the meeting in Rome as a starting p
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As these documents provide the refe
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Two multi-layer annotated corpora r
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As audio data is not directly store
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Jörg Mayer. 1995. Transcription of
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Towards standardized lexical semant
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Getting involved into language reso
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