JUNE 2003 - Alberta Centre for Injury Control & Research

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Table 2 Haddon matrix for unintentional injuries involving motor vehicle collisions Pre-event Human Factors Agent or Vehicle Factors Physical Environment Socio-cultural Environment • Alcohol intoxication • Brakes, tires • Visibility of hazards • Attitudes about alcohol • Fatigue • Center of gravity • Road curvature and gradient • Laws related to impaired driving • Experience • Jackknife tendency • Divided highways • Speed limits • Driver vision • Ease of control • Intersections, access control • Support for injury prevention efforts • Amount of travel • Load weight • Signals • Speed capability Event • Seat belt use • Speed at impact • Recovery areas • Attitudes about safety belt use • Age • Vehicle size • Guard rails • Laws about safety belt use • Sex • Osteoporosis • Hardness and sharpness of contact surfaces • Load containment • Characteristics of fixed objects • Median barriers • Enforcement of child passenger restraint laws • Roadside embankments Postevent • Age • Physical condition • Fuel system integrity • Emergency communications systems • Distance to and quality of emergency medical services • Support for trauma care systems • Training of emergency medical service personnel • Rehabilitation programs Source: Francescutti. (2003). Adapted from: National Committee for Injury Prevention and Control. (1998). Injury Prevention: Meeting the Challenge. New York:Oxford University Press. Making Alberta the Safest Place to Live 20
Table 2 (continued) Application of Haddon’s unintentional injury control strategies to suicide as an intentional injury Haddon Unintentional Injury Strategy Pre-injury • Prevent the initial creation of the hazard. • Reduce the amount of the hazard. • Prevent release of hazard that exists. Injury • Modify rates of release of hazard from its source. Postinjury • Separate the hazard from persons to be protected. • Interpose a barrier between hazard and person to be protected. • Modify contact surfaces and structures to reduce injury. • Strengthen resistance of persons who might be injured. • Rapidly detect and limit damage that has occurred. • Initiate immediate and long-term reparative actions. Source: Dick Ramsay. (2003). Application of Haddon’s unintentional injury control strategies to suicide. Calgary: Author. Application to Suicide as an Intentional Injury • Improve social support networks. • Control firearms. • Promote responsible alcohol use. • Psychological interventions for mentally ill. • Remove firearms and medications after an attempt. • Install bridge barriers. • Redesign bullets to reduce injury severity. • Early detection of suicide thoughts. • Postvention for survivors. • Treatment and follow-up programs. Making Alberta the Safest Place to Live 21
Page 1 and 2: JUNE 2003
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Alberta Injury
Page 5 and 6: What are the injury control issues?
Page 7 and 8: Focus on the future—making Albert
Page 9 and 10: Outcome indicator Current status Ta
Page 11 and 12: Recommended Actions • Develop and
Page 13 and 14: Recommended Actions • Implement t
Page 15 and 16: Making Alberta the Safest Place to
Page 17 and 18: Figure 1 Injury control model BACKG
Page 19 and 20: PURPOSE OF THE ALBERTA INJURY CONTR
Page 21: Injuries may be further understood
Page 25 and 26: Table 3 Number of child injury deat
Page 27 and 28: Other highlights 10 specific to inj
Page 29 and 30: Challenge 2 Under-developed coordin
Page 31 and 32: Challenge 6 Limited research and pr
Page 33 and 34: Figure 3 Overview of the Alberta In
Page 35 and 36: MISSION Contribute to a healthy Alb
Page 37 and 38: Goal 1 Increase the awareness and c
Page 39 and 40: Goal 1 Objective 1.2 Increase the a
Page 41 and 42: Recommended Actions • Implement a
Page 43 and 44: Goal 3 Build and sustain the capaci
Page 45 and 46: Goal 5 Increase research and progra
Page 47 and 48: Goal 6 Optimize emergency response,
Page 49 and 50: Goal 6 Optimize emergency response,
Page 51 and 52: Making Alberta the Safest Place to
Page 53 and 54: • Community-based and not-for-pro
Page 55 and 56: − − Educate and train your work
Page 57 and 58: • Federal Government − − −
Page 59 and 60: • Facilitate stakeholder developm
Page 61 and 62: APPENDIX B Injuries know no boundar
Page 63 and 64: • Decrease the incidence of injur
Page 65 and 66: Injuries account for a significant
Page 67 and 68: Injury deaths Figure B-4 presents i
Page 69 and 70: Figure B-5 Rank order of injury cau
Page 71 and 72: Trends in injury mortality, hospita
Page 73 and 74:
Injury hospitalizations and emergen
Page 75 and 76:
Figure B-11 Rank order of injury ca
Page 77 and 78:
Rank order of causes of emergency r
Page 79 and 80:
OTHER INJURY DATA FOR ALBERTA Other
Page 81 and 82:
• Four out of 10 First Nations pe
Page 83 and 84:
Fire injuries Data on fires in Albe
Page 85 and 86:
APPENDIX C 1 The technical definiti
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JUNE 2003 - Alberta Centre for Injury Control & Research

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