Life Cycle Assessments of Energy From Solid Waste (PDF)

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fms 137 August 2000 FOA-B--00-00622-222--SE Life Cycle Assessments of Energy from Solid Waste Göran Finnveden Jessica Johansson Per Lind Åsa Moberg S T O C K H O L M S U N I V E R S I T E T / S Y S T E M E K O L O G I O C H F O A fms 08-402 38 00 Besöksadress: Box 2142 08-402 38 01 (fax) Lilla Nygatan 1 103 14 Stockholm Gamla Stan
Page 1: Life Cycle Assessments of Energy fr
Page 5 and 6: Preface This is a report from the t
Page 7: Abstract The overall aim of the pre
Page 10 and 11: 0,0E+00 Base Medium transports Medi
Page 13 and 14: Life Cycle Assessments of Energy fr
Page 15 and 16: Landfill 35 3.5 LANDFILL MODELLING
Page 17 and 18: Non-treated waste 82 Global warming
Page 19 and 20: Abbreviations AOX Adsorbable haloge
Page 21 and 22: 1 Introduction 1.1 Background We li
Page 23 and 24: 1.3 Aim and scope of present study
Page 25 and 26: The LCA shall cover the use of mate
Page 27 and 28: other product system boundaries lea
Page 29 and 30: 2.1.5 Interpretation In the interpr
Page 31 and 32: an energy source, the energy system
Page 33 and 34: significant influence on the result
Page 35 and 36: oth in relation to the question of
Page 37 and 38: 2.3.5 Open-loop recycling When usef
Page 39 and 40: It can be noted that both the choic
Page 41 and 42: The standard version of SP includes
Page 43 and 44: In this study, electricity generate
Page 45 and 46: This is also the reason for why ext
Page 47 and 48: Landfill As in the other options a
Page 49 and 50: landfill may then be considered as
Page 51 and 52: 3.9.13 Additional time perspectives
Page 53 and 54:
Table 4.2 This table presents the a
Page 55 and 56:
Table 4.5 Explanation of the abbrev
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The amounts and sorts of additives
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scenario, however recycled plastics
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Waste from reloading of waste paper
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It is assumed that mixed cardboard
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WASTE PET EL. STRAPPINGS BALING TRA
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production of PP include bauxite SO
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5.2.10 Composition of mixed plastic
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Energy consumption Electricity cons
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The data used for diesel fuel and i
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In the original data (Nilsson 1997)
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5.5.3 Allocations and system bounda
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5.6 Landfilling 5.6.1 General descr
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emissions due to landfill fires are
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e considered as caught in a carbon
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day. The collected amount of waste
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6 Impact assessment 6.1 Introductio
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Using a similar method, Hauschild a
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EDIP In the EDIP method a rather si
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6.3 Weighting using Ecotax 98 The w
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Toxicological effects Two methods f
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6.4 Eco-indicator 99 In order to ch
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7 Results and discussion 7.1 Introd
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Table 7.1 The results for total ene
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7.2.5 Global warming From the green
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7.2.6 Photo-oxidant formation Consi
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The net emission from landfilling i
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Table 7.3 The table shows the weigh
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In the Ecotax 98/USESmax combinatio
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7.2.16 Summary In Table 7.5 a summa
Page 115 and 116:
7.3.2 Non-toxicological impacts The
Page 117 and 118:
7.3.4 Total weighted results The in
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Table 7.11 Comparison between a sce
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7.4.3 Toxicological effects The eff
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7.4.5 Summary A final summary of th
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Table 7.17 Comparison between a sce
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car transport. For food waste the t
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7.19 Comparison between a scenario
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Table 7.21 Heat from forest residue
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Table 7.23 Weighted results for the
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Table 7.24 Weighted results for eco
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Table 7.26 Total weighted results w
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consequently ranked as the first op
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For the impact category eco-toxicol
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7.7.6 Summary A final summary of th
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7.8.3 Toxicological impacts Ranking
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latter of higher magnitude. Plastic
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For food waste landfilling is ranke
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Page 153 and 154:
Mixed recycling has a positive net
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Impact categories that have a major
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the median 5.1E-19. In some cases i
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Table 7.50 The 100 year perspective
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8. Discussion and overall conclusio
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(MJ/ton) 2.0E+04 0.0E+00 Recycling
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8.1.4 Total weighted result When lo
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When using the weighting method Eco
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8.5 Summarised conclusions To summa
Page 173 and 174:
References ÅF-IPK (1998). Telefoni
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Ekvall, T., and G. Finnveden (2000a
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Environmental Assessment of Product
Page 179 and 180:
Rosén-Lidholm, S., P. Sundell, H.
Page 181:
Appendix 1 Sources for data on addi
Page 184 and 185:
Chlorine NL - (Cl 2 ) Record: IVAM
Page 186 and 187:
Lime stone bj - (CaCO 3 ) Record: P
Page 188 and 189:
Phosphoric acid I - (H 3 PO 4 ) Rec
Page 190 and 191:
Urea Record: IVAM References: EPA (
Page 192 and 193:
Oil heavy B300 Record: A. De Beaufo
Page 194 and 195:
Heat from resid. of timberf. Record
Page 196 and 197:
Electr. coal UCPTE Record: PRé Con
Page 198 and 199:
Electricity Holland low V Record: I
Page 200 and 201:
consumption for medium sized truck
Page 202 and 203:
Tractor I Record: Delft University
Page 204 and 205:
References from Sima Pro database R
Page 206 and 207:
Greenpeace (1993) Dioxin factories:
Page 208 and 209:
PWMI report 10 Conversion PWMI repo
Page 210 and 211:
SPIN Phosphating (1994) Fosfateren
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