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STUDIA UBB CHEMIA, LVI, 3, 2011 (p. 239 – 246) ADSORPTION AND RELEASE STUDIES OF TETRACYCLINE FROM A BIOACTIVE GLASS EMILIA VANEA a , SIMONA CAVALU b , FLORIN BĂNICĂ b , ZSOLT BENYEY a , GÜLTEKIN GÖLLER c ,VIORICA SIMON a, * ABSTRACT. This study aims to characterize a bioactive glass and to evaluate its ability to adsorb and release antimicrobial agents like tetracycline. Tetracycline adsorption and release were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The amounts of withdrawn solution, after drug release, were analyzed by differential pulsed voltammetry and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The investigated glass system promotes an efficient response concerning the tetracycline loading and release in terms of drug delivery system for biomedical applications. Keywords: tetracycline, XPS, SEM, FTIR, UV-vis, bioactive glass INTRODUCTION Bioactive glasses have achieved great application success in orthopaedic surgery and dentistry [1]. One major problem frequently associated with implants is the incidence of the osteomielitis that may lead to implant failure. Because of the poor blood circulation in osseous defect sites, antimicrobial drugs must be supplied directly to the affected regions [2], in this way the adverse effects of the systemic administration are avoided and a higher concentration of antimicrobial agent reaches the affected site [1]. In order to diminish the bacteriological risk associated with the implant materials, the addition of an antimicrobial drug such as tetracycline can be considered due to its broad antibiotic spectrum together with bone resorption inhibition and anti-inflammatory action [3-5]. This antibiotic can thus be used to improve bone growth and regeneration in the treatment of bone defects. The objective of this study was to characterize a bioactive glass and to evaluate its ability as a controlled release system of tetracycline. For this * Corresponding author: viosimon@phys.ubbcluj.ro a Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Physics & Institute of Interdisciplinary Research in Bio- Nano-Sciences, Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania b University of Oradea, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1 Decembrie 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania c Istanbul Technical University, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
EMILIA VANEA, SIMONA CAVALU, FLORIN BĂNICĂ, ZSOLT BENYEY, GÜLTEKIN GÖLLER,VIORICA SIMON purpose we used different spectroscopic methods like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, as well as scanning electron microscopy, and differential pulse voltammetry. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION SEM images of tetracycline free sample and after drug uptake (Figure 1) show that the surface gets a fuzzy appearance associated to tetracycline adsorption [2]. Figure 1. SEM images of bioactive glass before (A) and after (B) tetracycline loading. XPS spectra (Figure 2) recorded for pure tetracycline, for free tetracycline and tetracycline loaded samples both before and after immersion in SBF aimed to determine the composition of the outermost layer of the investigated bioactive glass, based on the fact that XPS is a highly surface-specific technique with a typical analysis depth of 5—10 nm [8]. The results are presented in Table 1. Both carbon and nitrogen can be used as markers of tetracycline adsorption [9] because the two elements are not present in glass, even though carbon contamination is unavoidable and unpredictable in practice. Table 1 shows that the level of nitrogen was almost zero for unloaded sample and increased significantly for the tetracycline incubated one. The elemental analysis also indicates a remarkable increase of carbon content after incubation, content close to the value obtained for tetracycline itself, which proves tetracycline adsorption. The level of the elements entering the glass composition, i.e. Si, Ca, P, Na and O, decreases after immersion of the bioactive glass in both SBF and tetracycline solution, but more drastically in tetracycline solution, which also denotes an advanced coverage of the glass surface with tetracycline. The N 1s, C1s and O 1s high resolution XPS spectra of (Figure 3) strengthen these results. One observes the high intensity of the nitrogen and carbon spectra (Figs. 3Ad and 3Bd) recorded from the tetracycline loaded glass, according to the tetracycline corresponding ones (Figs. 3Ac and 3Bc). The O 1s high resolution spectra (Figure 3C) show that before immersion 240
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CHEMIA 3/2011
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CORINA COSTESCU, LAURA CORPAŞ, NIC
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Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai C
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MONICA BAIA, MONICA SCARISOREANU, I
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STUDIA UBB CHEMIA, LVI, 3, 2011 (p.
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PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND S
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SPECTROSCOPIC EVIDENCE OF COLLAGEN
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CYCLODEXTRINS AND SMALL UNILAMELLAR
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PROTEIN ADHESION TO BIOACTIVE MICRO
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