Greywater Management in Low and Middle-Income Countries - SSWM

Country Costa Rica 1 India 2 Israel 3 Jordan 4 Sri Lanka 5 Switzerland 6 Thailand 7 USA 8
Type of discharge/reuse
(explanation see below)
Type 1
Type 2
Type 1 Type 3 Type 1 Type 3 Type 2
Type 4
Type 1 Type 1 Type 3 Type 2
Type 5
pH 5.0–9.0 5.5–9.0 5.5–9.0 7.0–8.5 6.5–8.5 6.0–9.0 6.0–8.5 – 6.5–8.5 6.0–9.0
EC – – – – 1,400 – – – 2,000 –
NTU – – – – – 10 – – – 2
mg/l – 100 200 10 10 50 50 – 30 –
mg/l 30 10 10 1 – 8 10 – 5 –
mg/l – 250 – 70 100 100 250 – – –
5
mg/l 40 30 100 10 10 30 30 20 20 10
NH 4
-N mg/l – 50 50 1.5 20 – 50 2 – –
mg/l – – – 10 20 45 – – – –
mg/l – – – 0.2 5 30 – 0.8 – –
cfu/100 ml 1,000 – – 200 10 – – – – 0
E. coli cfu/100 ml – – – – – 100 – – – –
Type 1: Discharge into surface water
Type 2: Landscape irrigation
Type 3: Unrestricted irrigation
Type 4: Irrigation of vegetables consumed cooked
Type 5: Irrigation of vegetables consumed raw
1: MdS (1997); 2: Central Pollution Control Board (1993); 3: Ministry of the Environment (2003); 4: Government of Jordan (2003); 5: CEA (1990); 6: Bundesamt für Umwelt (1998);
7: Pollution Control Department PCD (2000); 8: US EPA (2004a).
Low-cost Management and Treatment Options
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