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CHAPTER 4 Data Types This chapter describes the Data Types used under PL/SQL: PL/SQL variables, constants and parameters must have a valid data type which specifies a storage format, constraints, and valid range of values. This tutorial will take you through SCALAR and LOB data types available in PL/SQL and other two data types will be covered in other chapters. Category Scalar Large Object (LOB) Composite Reference Description Single values with no internal components, such as a NUMBER, DATE, or BOOLEAN. Pointers to large objects that are stored separately from other data items, such as text, graphic images, video clips, and sound waveforms. Data items that have internal components that can be accessed individually. For example, collections and records. Pointers to other data items. PL/SQL Scalar Data Types and Subtypes PL/SQL Scalar Data Types and Subtypes come under the following categories: Date Type Numeric Character Boolean Datetime Description Numeric values on which arithmetic operations are performed. Alphanumeric values that represent single characters or strings of characters. Logical values on which logical operations are performed. Dates and times. PL/SQL provides subtypes of data types. For example, the data type NUMBER has a subtype called INTEGER. You can use subtypes in your PL/SQL program to make the data types compatible with data types in other programs while embedding PL/SQL code in another program, such as a Java program. TUTORIALSPOINT Simply Easy Learning Page 17
PL/SQL Numeric Data Types and Subtypes Following is the detail of PL/SQL pre-defined numeric data types and their sub-types: Data Type PLS_INTEGER BINARY_INTEGER BINARY_FLOAT BINARY_DOUBLE NUMBER(prec, scale) DEC(prec, scale) DECIMAL(prec, scale) Description Signed integer in range -2,147,483,648 through 2,147,483,647, represented in 32 bits Signed integer in range -2,147,483,648 through 2,147,483,647, represented in 32 bits Single-precision IEEE 754-format floating-point number Double-precision IEEE 754-format floating-point number Fixed-point or floating-point number with absolute value in range 1E-130 to (but not including) 1.0E126. A NUMBER variable can also represent 0. ANSI specific fixed-point type with maximum precision of 38 decimal digits. IBM specific fixed-point type with maximum precision of 38 decimal digits. NUMERIC(pre, secale) Floating type with maximum precision of 38 decimal digits. DOUBLE PRECISION FLOAT INT INTEGER SMALLINT REAL ANSI specific floating-point type with maximum precision of 126 binary digits (approximately 38 decimal digits) ANSI and IBM specific floating-point type with maximum precision of 126 binary digits (approximately 38 decimal digits) ANSI specific integer type with maximum precision of 38 decimal digits ANSI and IBM specific integer type with maximum precision of 38 decimal digits ANSI and IBM specific integer type with maximum precision of 38 decimal digits Floating-point type with maximum precision of 63 binary digits (approximately 18 decimal digits) Following is a valid declaration: DECLARE num1 INTEGER; num2 REAL; num3 DOUBLE PRECISION; BEGIN null; END; / When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result: PL/SQL procedure successfully completed TUTORIALSPOINT Simply Easy Learning Page 18
Page 1 and 2: PL/SQL Tutorial
Page 3 and 4: C O P Y R I G H T & D I S C L A I M
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents PL/SQL Overview .
Page 7 and 8: Example: ..........................
Page 9 and 10: Triggering a Trigger ..............
Page 11 and 12: It supports developing web applicat
Page 13 and 14: Step 2 You will have the following
Page 15 and 16: Step 5 Provide a location, where yo
Page 17 and 18: Step 9 Here, Oracle installation wi
Page 19 and 20: Step 11 Once your installation is d
Page 21 and 22: Text Editor Running large programs
Page 23 and 24: END; / The end; line signals the en
Page 25: Type Type body Each of these units
Page 29 and 30: Field Name Valid Datetime Values Va
Page 31 and 32: CHAPTER 5 Variables This chapter de
Page 33 and 34: variable is declared and accessible
Page 35 and 36: CHAPTER 6 Constants This chapter sh
Page 37 and 38: CHAPTER 7 Operators This chapter de
Page 39 and 40: END; / IF (a < b) then dbms_output.
Page 41 and 42: ELSE dbms_output.put_line('False');
Page 43 and 44: For example x = 7 + 3 * 2; here, x
Page 45 and 46: Statement IF - THEN statement IF-TH
Page 47 and 48: SELECT salary INTO c_sal FROM custo
Page 49 and 50: An IF-THEN statement can have zero
Page 51 and 52: Excellent PL/SQL procedure successf
Page 53 and 54: CHAPTER 9 Loops This chapter descri
Page 55 and 56: PL/SQL procedure successfully compl
Page 57 and 58: FOR a in 10 .. 20 LOOP dbms_output.
Page 59 and 60: 2 is prime 3 is prime 5 is prime 7
Page 61 and 62: Example: DECLARE a number(2) := 10;
Page 63 and 64: Example: DECLARE a number(2) := 10;
Page 65 and 66: Restrictions with GOTO Statement GO
Page 67 and 68: introduction clob; choice char(1);
Page 69 and 70: The following examples illustrate s
Page 71 and 72: CHAPTER 11 Arrays This chapter desc
Page 73 and 74: You can initialize the varray eleme
Page 75 and 76: S.N. Parts & Description 1 2 3 Decl
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initialize it to a default value; h
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CHAPTER 13 Functions This chapter d
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Total no. of Customers: 6 PL/SQL pr
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CHAPTER 14 Cursors This chapter exp
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Select * from customers; +----+----
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CHAPTER 15 Records This chapter des
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Book ID Defining a Record The recor
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printbook(book2); END; / When the a
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DECLARE c_id customers.id%type := 8
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ACCESS_INTO_NULL 06530 -6530 CASE_N
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CHAPTER 17 Triggers This chapter de
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| 3 | kaushik | 23 | Kota | 2000.00
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CHAPTER 18 Packages This chapter de
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The following program provides a mo
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CHAPTER 19 Collections This chapter
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Example: Elements of an index-by ta
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| ID | NAME | AGE | ADDRESS | SALAR
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VALUE_ERROR A subscript is null or
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SQL*Plus terminates abnormally, a R
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CHAPTER 21 Date & Time This chapter
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TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE - it
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8/31/2012 5:26:55.347000 PM The Int
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4 5 6 7 DBMS_OUTPUT.GET_LINES (line
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When the above code is executed at
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IF (r1 > r2) THEN -- calling measur
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CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE BODY rectang
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