the deadliest, costliest, and most intense united states hurricanes ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

iii "0 Cro Cl.':E"~~1()1()~0 05 ~ ~ ~ co I() co I() ~--'-'O'>O'>O'>O'> ~~§§~~~~@~@~~~~~ "Ui c "OJ ... :> ~ :) aI :5 "0 Cro8 ~ ~ c- ~-a.~~01()00 x~=>=>O'>;:O'>~ co- ~ In .c~~ 76cc~o~~ Q)=>=> 0 ~ ~ ~ co ~ ~ ~ N NOM ~ ~ 0) ~ In In 0) ~ ., 0) ~ 0) M ~ , In M 0 ~ ~ In ~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~ inN In~ , ~ ~N~NN~COO~~""'In~~OO M N::)~~"'::) ~ "tJ a.> ~ :c E0 (.) 0 1: aI ~ c.. "ffi ~ :r: ~ == ro P. § N I 0 0 0') .- E e"- In aI C 0 U >- r.J "'ffi r.J "5- 0 ~ "Ui ~ "Ui 0 r.J "0 Cro "Ui "~ 'E ro aI (:) ~.- aI :c ro I- ... 0 -c ~ ~O , NI() Q):=~~NMCO -COccNM - In~=>=> -,..:M o~ C ~ M ~ ~- I() < -- 0- o~ ~- 0 Q) --1n~~ 8 8° Q) o~ C coo. c)~=>=>N .N COCO co~ E C M CO => 0 0 °ffi °ffi 0- ~ ~ ~ CO .c~co ~ ...COCO~ CO 0 O:I: 0- ~ 0- ~0'>0'>0'>0'> Q)~~~~'- 76ailriNfliri O~~OON C) C) Co) C) > 0 ~~Q)~ «O C 0 U >- (,) ~ Co ~~._CO-co~ 0 ~ 05 0 ~ .- Z~:I:ZO_..5 0 M ~ 0 0)~1n ~ 0 1n00)00M ~O)O~~~In~~~In~NOO)M -.." .v. CO -~ ~ ..In .N V. ~I 0) N .~ -~ ~ ~ .~ 0 .In . N , ~ ~ N ~ M. ""'. ~ 0). ~ ~~~M~::)~::)::)::)O)o)COM~N ~ ~ ~ ~ 0 0 0 0 0 0 000080 § § 8 8 8 ~ 8 ~ ~ ~ 8. ~ 0 8 -8. 8-~ IJ"i NO::) 0 ::) ::) ::) In 0 8 0 ~ ~'~ M ~ N 0 In ~ M ~ --In 'M ~ ~ ~ 8 U) 8 8 0'-08 0~0~8 ~._~~ .~ ~ .~ .-g: x .~ 0 .~ 0 .-~ c.. ~ c.. c.. ~.g~~ 0 0 0 --" 'e~~~'t:~c..wo~~ 0 .0 Q) 0 --1: 't: Q)1:1:>'-"1:-1: ~1:>--Q)-- Q) a: Q) Q) cn cn ~ ~~::) ~~~ ~::)cn ...Q) cn Q) c.. Q) cn > a: > cn > cn c..~c..c.. cn c.. ~. c..oc.. ::)~::)::) c.. cn cn .~ N N COCO~~No)COOlno)o)o)InCO~o) ~NNMM~InCO~"""""~o)o)o)o) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) CJ) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) ~. NN~~NN~O~,:t)O~~~N~ ~ MM ~. ~. 0 ~. co ~. ~ ~. N ~. In In or-. c~ ~. ~ ~- ~- co ~- 0 ~, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~> ~ ~ Q) Q) Q) Q) ~ Q) Q) ~ Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) 0 < ~ C/) cn cn cn < cn cn .~ cn cn cn cn cn z '>. U) "Qi CD -:- 0 U) --cn == .Q Q) ~ ffi g ~ uS t-= 0 0 .9- 8 .~ --t-= -;:;- Q) U) .9- .D iii .-.9- ro U -.~ ~ cn Q) J:::JLL.ZU~ ro ~ Q).~ Q) o.:?:;o~ ~>. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 'E ~ .~o '> ~Q) ~'S 1: 0 § ro ro ro ro ro ro ro 0 -ro ~ ~ .w 0 Q) Q) cn cn cn cn cn cn cn 0 W I:) LL. J: ~ J: ~ .5 'E 0(.)
SUMMARY In virtually every coastal city of any size from Texas to Maine, the present Tropical Prediction Center Director, Max Mayfield, or former National Hurricane Center Directors, have stated that the United States is building toward its next hurricaJle disaster. The population growth and low hurricane experience levels indicated in Hebert et al. (1984), together with updated statistics presented b)" Jarrell et al. ( 1992), form the basis for their statements. The areas along the United States Gulf and Atlantic coasts where most of this country's hurri,cane related fatalities have occurred are also now experiencing the country's most signific~mt growth in population. This situation, in combination with continued building along the coast, will lead to serious problems for many areas in hurricanes. Because it is likely that people will alwa~{s be attracted to live along the shoreline, a solution to the problem lies in education, preparedness ~md mitigation. The message to coastal residents is: Become familiar with what hurricanes can do, and when a hurricane threatens your area, increase your chances of survival by moving away from the water until the hurricane has passed! Unless this message is clearly understood by coastal residents through a thorough and continuing preparedness effort, disastrous loss of life is inevitable in the future. Acknowledgments: Paul Hebert, J.G. Ta~'lor and R.A. Case, co-authors of previous version of this paper, are recognized for their enduring c:ontributions to this work. Joan David drafted the figures. 28
Page 1 and 2: NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS TPC-3
Page 3 and 4: THE DEADLIEST, COSTLIEST, AND MOST
Page 5 and 6: 2. BACKGROUND AND DEFINIllONS Many
Page 7 and 8: 3. DISCUSSION Part I The remainder
Page 9 and 10: Table 3. The thir1y costliest mainl
Page 11 and 12: =- 16 '6 c~ G> II) c G> :s 'Ui 0 E
Page 13 and 14: A large death toll in a U.S. hurric
Page 15 and 16: (3) When did the earliest and lates
Page 17 and 18: (9) When are the m!i..qr hurricanes
Page 19: co.. 0) 0) .- m ~ ~ m -, E 0 .:: '0
Page 22 and 23: 12) Are there hurricane cycles? Fig
Page 24 and 25: +-1921 ~ .". ", " ." . 1000W 95°W
Page 26 and 27: 45°N 1000W 95°W 900W 85"W 8COW 75
Page 30: REFERENCES Gentry, R.C., 1966: Natu

the deadliest, costliest, and most intense united states hurricanes ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?