Fire Safety and Concrete Structures - Febelcem

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Acknowledgements With many thanks to, - Professors A. Brüls, J.C. Dotreppe, J.M. Franssen and J.B. Schleich of Liège University, - Professors L. Taerwe and P. Vandevelde of Ghent University, - Messrs G. Baes and E. Briers of ANPI, - Dr P. Chana (BCA), - Mrs F. Robert (CERIB), - Mr S. Horvath (CIMBETON), - Mr A. Van Acker (FEBE), - Mr T. Hietanen (Finnish Association of Construction Product Industries), - Mr P. Spehl (SECO) and - Mr U. Neck (VDZ). Jean‐François Denoël
Preamble The dramatic Innovation fire in Brussels in 1967 revealed the absolute necessity for regulations in the field of fire resistance and a better knowledge of the behaviour of materials and structures in fire. It was followed by unprecedented work in these areas. It was and is being carried out to meet the preoccupation of any building user or designer: optimum fire safety. More recently, fires have occurred in mountain tunnels, then under the Channel and in New York on 11 September 2001. Fires also occurred even more recently in Madrid and at Mons on our Belgian motorway network. All resulted in greater vigilance and led to people considering the various components of fires and asking questions about the behaviour of structures in fire. This publication is aimed at construction professionals, be they project designers, architects or research offices, authors of specifications, building contractors, insurers or public authorities. The document: - introduces the basic concepts used to discuss fire and fire safety; - describes the notion of fire risk; - demystifies terms such as active protection and “Fire Safety Engineering”; - puts the regulations into context; - describes the behaviour of concrete and steel materials during and after a fire; - shows that concrete integrated into a structure in the form of reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete or masonry gives such structures remarkable fire resistance and good prospects for renovation after fire. It is our hope that this document will provide answers to your many questions, as well as helping to improve understanding of this extensive and interesting field. The document can be downloaded from www.febelcem.be It served as reference document for drafting bulletin nr 37 entitled ”Fire protection by concrete constructions” (20 pp.) which can also be downloaded from the same website. 7
Page 1: Fire Safety and Concrete Structures
Page 5: Fire Safety and Concrete Structures
Page 9 and 10: 5. Thermal mechanisms .............
Page 11 and 12: A. Introduction The tragic fire [1]
Page 13 and 14: The reader will note that this docu
Page 15 and 16: These figures show the need for gen
Page 17 and 18: one of the three main categories, n
Page 19 and 20: into protection class A1 without fu
Page 21 and 22: Standardisation. The denomination R
Page 23 and 24: Since like most Member States Belgi
Page 25 and 26: It is the date of the acknowledgeme
Page 27 and 28: very long discussions to end up at
Page 29 and 30: 4. Protection and risks 4.1. Fire:
Page 31 and 32: Walkways running along the entire f
Page 33 and 34: 4.2.3. Human behaviour The behaviou
Page 35 and 36: Figure : 7200 m 2 industrial wareho
Page 37 and 38: fact that most materials do not bur
Page 39 and 40: Thermal diffusivity a = λ /(ρ.c)
Page 41 and 42: 6.2.3. Zone models generalised fire
Page 43 and 44: 7. Materials of the element with mo
Page 45 and 46: 7.2. The mechanical and thermal cha
Page 47 and 48: 7.2.2. Light concretes The properti
Page 49 and 50: de-rating factor for resistance 1 0
Page 51 and 52: 8. Protection and risk calculations
Page 53 and 54: 8.1.2.3. Axis distance - In the cas
Page 55 and 56: ‐ continuous solid slabs; Resista
Page 57 and 58:
a value for which 80 % of buildings
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In June 2005, Professor Jose Torero
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the authors felt were too complex f
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Points lists methods In Sweden, for
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It is vital that the architect and
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Roofs and annexes: A modern warehou
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nature of the materials. It allows
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- of fire and explosion; - of pollu
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C. Examples of the fire behaviour o
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1.2. The Trois Fontaines viaduct In
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3. Fire tests for buildings Fire te
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D. Repair of concrete structures Wh
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E. Appendix Appendix 1 - Discussion
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Because of a lack of proof to suppo
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F. Bibliography 1. General bibliogr
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2. Standards [100] NBN EN 1992‐1
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Fire Safety and Concrete Structures - Febelcem

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