Timber Frame Tension Joinery - Timber Frame Engineering Council

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sample was removed from the base material. These were measured using calipers, weighed, and placed in an oven. After more than 24 hours, the samples were removed and weighed again to obtain the moisture content and the specific gravity. The test fixture held an oak peg securely to a steel base plate so that the base material could be placed on the peg, under the loading head (see Figure 4-5). The load rate for the dowel bearing tests was 0.02” per minute. Preliminary tests were performed in previous research (Schmidt et al., 1996) using White Oak pegs and Douglas Fir base material. The peg diameters were ¾”, 1” and 1¼”, with 18 1” pegs tested and six each of the ¾” and 1¼” pegs. The pegs were tested in the radial and tangential orientations. The blocks were tested in a variety of orientations. These orientations are labeled RL, LR, LT, and TR (see Figure 4-6). The two characters refer to the direction the load is applied and the orientation of the peg. For instance, the LT block orientation has the load applied in the longitudinal direction of the block with the axis of the peg parallel to the tangential axis of the block (see Figure 4-5 and Figure 4-6). Figure 4-5 Dowel Bearing Test Fixture 35
Figure 4-6 Orientation of Preliminary Test Blocks (RL, LR, LT, and TR) Additional tests were conducted as part of this research using Red Oak pegs in base materials of Eastern White Pine, and Recycled Douglas Fir. To simplify the testing procedures, only 1” pegs were tested and only two orientations of base material were used. The selection of these orientations was based on the orientation of the wood in large mortise and tenon connections. The two orientations for the base materials are RT and LT (see Figure 4-7 and Figure 4-8). Note that for both diagrams the peg is shown loaded in the radial direction. When the connection is loaded in tension, the fibers around the mortise are loaded perpendicular to the grain and the tenon fibers are loaded parallel to the grain. The RT orientation represents bearing of the peg in the mortise material where the load is applied perpendicular to the grain in the mortise. The LT orientation represents peg bearing in the Figure 4-7 RT Block Orientation Figure 4-8 LT Block Orientation 36
Page 1 and 2: TIMBER FRAME TENSION JOINERY Richar
Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgments Acknowledgments go
Page 5 and 6: 5.4 Dowel Bearing Test Results.....
Page 7 and 8: List of Figures Page Figure 1-1 Typ
Page 9 and 10: List of Appendices Page Appendix A
Page 11 and 12: elasto-plastic behavior an ideal yi
Page 13 and 14: normal distribution orthotropic mat
Page 15 and 16: xiii
Page 17 and 18: Tie Beam Figure 1-2 American Timber
Page 19 and 20: 2. Timber Framing Background 2.1 Hi
Page 21 and 22: territories. Using the new construc
Page 23 and 24: Although timber framing is still a
Page 25 and 26: 3. European Yield Model and Propose
Page 27 and 28: strength, then the dowel could bend
Page 29 and 30: P III s = k3 ⋅D⋅ts ⋅F ( 2 + R
Page 31 and 32: The areas under the shear diagram c
Page 33 and 34: and F es = 1728 psi) (see Sections
Page 35 and 36: Figure 3-7 Combined Shear - Bending
Page 37 and 38: 3.5 Additional Yield Model Equation
Page 39 and 40: need to know the required load and
Page 41 and 42: Using the equivalent bolt diameter,
Page 43 and 44: 4. Peg Testing Procedures and Analy
Page 45 and 46: dowel diameter and the intercept of
Page 47 and 48: were taken for two orientations (e.
Page 49: affected by the deformation in the
Page 53 and 54: The main purpose of the full-size t
Page 55 and 56: 5. Test Results 5.1 Introduction Th
Page 57 and 58: Table 5-1 Bending Test Correlation
Page 59 and 60: Table 5-4 Bending Yield Strength Re
Page 61 and 62: 5.3 Shear Test Results 181 shear te
Page 63 and 64: 0.90 0.90 Specific Gravity 0.80 0.7
Page 65 and 66: Yield Stress τ (psi.) 3/4" Red Oak
Page 67 and 68: 5.4 Dowel Bearing Test Results The
Page 69 and 70: obtained from shear tests at variou
Page 71 and 72: To obtain allowable stress design v
Page 73 and 74: l e l v Figure 6-1 Full-size Test D
Page 75 and 76: each mode in the general yield mode
Page 77 and 78: 7. Conclusions and Recommendations
Page 79 and 80: Appendix A Derivation of Dowel Rota
Page 81 and 82: Appendix C NDS Yield Mode II, Alter
Page 83 and 84: Appendix D NDS Mode III s , Alterna
Page 86 and 87: Appendix E Standard Test Setup for
Page 88 and 89: Appendix G Bending Test Data Summar
Page 90 and 91: Summary of Bending Tests: Last Revi
Page 92 and 93: Appendix H Shear Test Data Summary
Page 94 and 95: Summary of 1-1/4" Red Oak Shear Tes
Page 96 and 97: Summary of 1" White Oak Shear Tests
Page 98 and 99: Appendix I Dowel Bearing Data Summa
Page 100 and 101:
Bibliography Abe M., and Kawaguchi,
Page 102:
Soltis, L. A.; Karnasudirdja, S.; L
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