Calcium Phosphate Excipients - Innophos

For Direct Compression
DI-TAB ® : Dicalcium phosphate, dihydrate,
unmilled, USP/FCC grades. The most well-known
of Innophos's directly compressible excipients, it is
used in major vitamin and mineral formulations, in
over-the-counter drugs and in prescription drugs.
TRI-TAB ® : Tricalcium phosphate, anhydrous, granular,
NF/FCC grade. TRI-TAB ® has the highest percentage
of calcium and is used in calcium supplements.
A-TAB ® : Dicalcium phosphate, anhydrous, granular,
USP/FCC grade. It is anhydrous (giving it good
storage stability), very compressible and provides
a high level of calcium and phosphorus.
Our calcium phosphates are most effectively used
in direct compression tableting. This three-step
procedure - which consists of weighing (actives and
excipients), mixing and compressing - is all that is
required to manufacture a wide variety of tablets.
Both wet and dry granulation take more steps.
Eu and JP grades are available upon request.
For Wet Granulation
Calipharm-D ® : Dicalcium phosphate, dihydrate,
powder, USP/FCC.
Calipharm-T ® : Tricalcium phosphate, anhydrous,
powder, NF/FCC.
Calipharm-A ® : Dicalcium phosphate, anhydrous,
powder, USP/FCC.
The powder forms of calcium phosphates can
be used in a wet granulation with a variety of
commonly used binders, starches, gums, cellulosics
and other polymers. Their water and solvent
insolubility make the calcium phosphates ideal
for wet granulation.
Manufacture of Calcium Phosphates
H 3
PO 4
+ Ca(OH) 2
Ca(H 2
PO 4
) 2
Monocalcium Phosphate
H 3
PO 4
+ Ca(OH) 2
Manufacture
Ca(H 2
PO 4
) 2
•H 2
O
Monocalcium Phosphate
Monohydrate
H 3
PO 4
+ Ca(OH) 2
CaHPO 4
Dicalcium Phosphate
Anhydrous
H 3
PO 4
+ Ca(OH) 2
Figure 1
CaHPO 4
•2H 2
O
Dicalcium Phosphate
Dihydrate
Ca(OH) 2
+ H 3
PO 4
Ca 5
(OH)(PO 4
) 3
Tricalcium Phosphate
To manufacture calcium phosphates, very pure
foodgrade phosphoric acid is used. The phosphoric
acid is reacted with calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH) 2
,
which comes from limestone (CaCO 3
). The
products are precipitated from solution.
When Ca(OH) 2
is added to phosphoric acid in the
appropriate ratio, the products are monocalcium
phosphate or dicalcium phosphate. When acid is
added to the calcium hydroxide, the precipitate is
tricalcium phosphate. As defined in the USP/NF,
tricalcium phosphate is a variable mixture of
calcium phosphates, having the approximate
composition 10CaO•3P 2
O 5
•H 2
O. This composition
corresponds to the formula Ca 5
(OH)(PO 4
) 3
or
Ca 10
(OH) 2
(PO 4
) 6
. TRI-TAB ® is this material in the
granular form. The manufacturing process general
equations are shown in Figure 1.
2