A Revision of the Old World Species (Lepidoptera, Pieridae)

38 Osamu Yata
Habitat and habits: This rather rare and local butterfly mainly inhabits moun
tainous forests (about 300-1000 m alt.).
Earlystages: The early stages are unknown.
Eurema timorensis Shirozu & Yata, 1977
[PI. 18]
Eurema timorensis Shir6zu & Yata, 1977: 340, figs 1-4. (Timor) [NSA, examined]
Diagnosis: Forewing length less than 23 mm. Black distal border on fore
wing upperside with its inner edge bluntly obtuse-angled at vein 4, spot absent;
discocellular marking represented by a faint black bar; hindwing with a series of
submarginal spots arranged in an evenly curved line; vein-dots conjointed with
narrow and black anticiliary line; uncus short, with uncal projection well developed
with its apex strongly bicuspid; P3 slender with blunt apex; P5 of valva much
flattened and beak-shaped; lateral hollow elliptical, median groove without any
sulcus internally; banks of longitudinal groove strongly compressed on its anterior
half.
Description: Male (PI. 18 (1-4, 7-8)). Upperside: Ground colour yellow.
Forewing black costal border broad, gradually broadened distally, with its inner edge
sharply defined; black distal border broad, with its inner edge oblique from costa to
vein 4, bluntly, obtuse-angled at vein 4, more deeply excavated in space 2 than in
space 3, diffusely zigzag-shaped in spaces la and lb+c; discocellular spot absent;
fringe black. Hindwing black distal border somewhat broad, becoming increasing in
width towards tornus, but tapering near apex and tornus, narrowly and weakly
interrupted at the middle of each space, with its inner edge somewhat diffused; anal
border undeveloped; fringe black. Basal portions of both wings almost not blackish.
Underside: Ground colour somewhat paler than on upperside. Forewing without
apical or subapical patch; discoidal cell spot absent; discocellular marking repre
sented by a faint black bar which is divided into an upper and a lower black spots,
covering more than half of the discocellular vein; tornal spot absent; sex-brand pale
reddish brown, long and narrow, ending somewhat before a point oforigin of vein 2;
small vein-dots much reduced, almost conjointed with anticiliary line; fringe black.
Hindwing with a series of submarginal spots in spaces la to 8 arranged in an evenly
curved line parallel to wing margin, but those in spaces la to 8 barely traceable;
submarginal spots in spaces 7 and 8 close to each other across vein 8, but never
conjointed with each other; subbasal dots present each in spaces lb+c and 7; a
minute basal spot absent; discocellular spot almost same as in forewing, but some
what longer; vein-dots same as in forewing; fringe black. Ultraviolet reflectance on
upperside: Structurally reflective on yellow areas except tornal to anal area of
hindwing, appearing bright-white in UV-photos (PI. 21 (9, upper) in Part II).