Optical properties of photonic crystals - New Jersey Institute of ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

30 the square of its amplitude--i.e. the maximum displacement or movement of a point on the wave; and, as the wave passes through a substance, its amplitude steadily decreases. If there is only a small fractional absorption of energy, the medium is said to be transparent to that particular radiation, but, if all the energy is lost, the medium is said to be opaque. All known transparent substances show absorption to some extent. For instance, the ocean appears to be transparent to sunlight near the surface, but it becomes opaque with depth. As radiation passes through matter, it is absorbed to an extent depending on the nature of the substance and its thickness. A homogeneous substance of a given thickness may be thought of as consisting of a number of equally thin layers. Each layer will absorb the same fraction of the energy that reaches it. The change in energy as the wave passes through a layer is a constant for a material for a given wavelength and is called its absorption coefficient. 3.1.3 Transmittance In wave motion, transfer of wave energy through the material occurs i.e., it is the energy that can be seen emerging from the material when some sort of radiation is incident on it. Now consider the case when the material surface on which the ray is incident is not as smooth as above, but is now rough. In this case the above equation changes slightly to accommodate an effect called diffusion or scattering of light at the surface of the material.
Figure 3.2 Reflection, Absorption and Transmission in case of radiation falling on a rough surface The equation is now given by: Here `A*' is the apparent absorptance in the material under consideration and `R*' and `T*' are the apparent reflectance and apparent transmittance respectively. Now as one can see, it would not be possible to exactly predict the behavior of radiation at the surface of the material. Also, as a consequence of the roughness the surface area has increased. Therefore an apparent factor is brought into the picture. As the apparent absorption increases, the apparent reflection decreases.
Page 1 and 2: Copyright Warning & Restrictions Th
Page 3 and 4: ABSTRACT BAND -GAP CHARACTERISTICS
Page 6 and 7: APPROVAL PAGE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF
Page 8 and 9: This Thesis is dedicated to my fami
Page 10 and 11: TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page 1 IN
Page 12 and 13: TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Chapt
Page 14 and 15: LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1.1 Str
Page 16 and 17: LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Figure
Page 18 and 19: 2 The friction between the photonic
Page 20 and 21: 4 progress towards all-optical inte
Page 22 and 23: As can be seen in Figure 1.2, with
Page 24 and 25: 8 1.1.2 Two Dimensional Photonic Cr
Page 26 and 27: 10 future. They may provide a novel
Page 28 and 29: CHAPTER 2 BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICAN
Page 30 and 31: 14 transfer and computing. Applicat
Page 32 and 33: 16 Chigrin and Lavrinenko in collab
Page 34 and 35: 18 component of the wave vector rem
Page 36 and 37: 20 2.2.1 Transfer Matrix Method The
Page 38 and 39: Figure 2-3 Structure of a 2D photon
Page 40 and 41: 24 enhancing the efficiency of lase
Page 42 and 43: 26 Figure 2-6 A perfect waveguide i
Page 44 and 45: CHAPTER 3 FUNDAMENTALS OF OPTICAL P
Page 48 and 49: 32 3.2 Control of Properties of Mat
Page 50 and 51: 34 Figure 3.3 Spontaneous-emission
Page 52 and 53: 36 current it generated. But the fi
Page 54 and 55: 38 be used in a solar cell, generat
Page 56 and 57: 40 4.1.3 Spectral Range The spectra
Page 58 and 59: 42 beyond the scope of MultiRad. Th
Page 60 and 61: 44 c. It considers only Silicon as
Page 62 and 63: Figure 5.1 Schematic of bench top e
Page 64 and 65: 48 radiative properties of interest
Page 66 and 67: 50 The final structure of the 3D cr
Page 68 and 69: 52 The wafers are then planarized b
Page 70 and 71: 54 Fig 6.2 Block diagram showing di
Page 72 and 73: 56 decreases to a minimum in a cert
Page 74 and 75: 58 only be carried in one dimension
Page 76 and 77: Figure 6.9 Simulated transmission t
Page 78 and 79: 62 Fig 6.10 Transmission spectra fo
Page 80 and 81: 64 Figure 6.11(b) Transmission spec
Page 82 and 83: 66 As can be seen from the above ta
Page 84 and 85: Fig 6.14 Simulated reflectance spec
Page 86 and 87: Fig 6.16 Simulated transmittance sp
Page 88 and 89: 72 7.2 Recommendations Much of the
Page 90 and 91: 1.4 54.9 58.3 44.6 64.1 1.5 62.4 70
Page 92 and 93: 11.2 60.3 64 53.8 48.2 11.3 59.7 62
Page 94 and 95: APPENDIX A2 RAW DATA This appendix
Page 96 and 97:
APPENDIX A2 (CONTINUED) 80 0.232 5.
Page 98 and 99:
APPENDIX A2 (CONTINUED) 8Z 0.221 2.
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
BIBLIOGRAPHY [1] E. Yablonovitch, "
Page 112:
96 [25] G. E. Jellison, F. A. Modin
show all

Optical properties of photonic crystals - New Jersey Institute of ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?