The evolution of Jumpinpin Inlet - OzCoasts

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The evolution of Jumpinpin Inlet net northerly direction (COPE, 1985). Delft Hydraulics estimate that the net annual transport of sand with allowance for 50% variation at Southport Bar is large at 500 000 m 3 (Polglase, 1987). This figure could reasonably be applied to Jumpinpin. Figure 3.3. Detailed plan of Jumpinpin Inlet (Source: Queensland Transport, December 1981) 8
The evolution of Jumpinpin Inlet 4.0 Coastal processes An understanding of Jumpinpin requires a generic awareness of the coastal processes that act upon a coastline and the terminology involved. Coastal processes are important as they dictate the formation of an inlet and largely govern its morphology. This chapter presents information on processes that influence southeast Queensland with special reference to tidal inlets. A glossary of the terms used in this chapter is provided in Appendix A. The reader is also referred to Figures A.1 and A.2 (Appendix A) as they provide visual definitions of a typical beach profile and the morphological components of a tidal inlet. Total changes to the shoreline are the product of both short- and long-term coastal processes. Short-term changes are due to seasonal variations in wave conditions and to the occurrence of intermittent storms separated by intervals of low waves. Longterm changes result from sea-level changes or an overall imbalance between added and eroded sand. 4.1 Short-term coastal processes Short-term changes result in accretion and erosion of sand in the order of hundred(s) of metres per year. Short-term processes have been grouped as follows: • Beach and bar destruction during storms • Beach and bar building during fair weather • Littoral transport and sand trapping • Inlet migration and spit breaching • Sand bypassing • Inlet stability and closure. 4.1.1 Beach and bar destruction – storm phase During storms, strong winds generate high, steep waves that are shorter in period. In addition, these winds often create a storm surge which raises the water level and exposes parts of the beach not usually vulnerable to waves. The storm surge allows waves to pass over offshore bars without breaking. When the waves finally break, the remaining width of surf zone is not sufficient to dissipate the increased energy contained in the storm waves. The remaining energy throws more sand into suspension, thus eroding the beach, berm and sometimes the dunes. In severe storms, such as tropical cyclones, the higher water levels resulting from storm surges allow waves to erode parts of the dune. The Shore Protection Manual 9
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