Growing Poplar and Willow Trees on Farms, National - FAO

soils <strong>and</strong> desert areas whereas others (especially P. heterophylla) grow in
frequently flooded swamp areas. The balsam poplars <strong>and</strong> aspens also tend to
tolerate acid soils whereas white <strong>and</strong> black poplars (such as P. alba <strong>and</strong> P.
nigra) seem to be more tolerant of saline soils. Conversely, willows are
largely forest margin or shrubl<strong>and</strong> species, rather than forest trees. The tree
willows are often found on dampish river plains or along waterways <strong>and</strong> the
shrub willows usually prefer growing in boggy heath l<strong>and</strong> or damp stony
upl<strong>and</strong> areas.
1.2 <strong>Poplar</strong> clones for New Zeal<strong>and</strong> situations
The main clones/varieties of poplar grown by nurseries <strong>and</strong> regional
councils for farmers <strong>and</strong> l<strong>and</strong>owners are: ‘Argyle’; ‘Kawa’; ‘Tasman’;
‘Toa’; ‘Veronese’ <strong>and</strong> ‘Yunnanensis’. HortResearch tree scientists
recommended the following clones for particular situations:
• Drought resistance – ‘Veronese’; ‘Tasman’; ‘Argyle’; ‘Dudley’; ‘Fraser’;
‘Selwyn’; ‘Crowsnest’; ‘Yunnanensis’.
• Possum resistance – ‘Eridano’; ‘Kawa’; ‘Toa’; ‘Shinsei’; P. trichocarpa;
‘Yeogi’.
• Wet, sheltered valleys <strong>and</strong> moist areas – ‘Eridano’; ‘Kawa’; ‘Toa’;
‘Otahuao’; ‘Weraiti’.
• Windy, exposed slopes (clones that are better able to withst<strong>and</strong> breakage)
– ‘Veronese’; ‘Crowsnest’; ‘Fraser’; ‘Selwyn’; ‘Tasman’.
• Shelter areas or shelterbelts – ‘Crowsnest’ <strong>and</strong> ‘Veronese’.
• Non-brittle forms in windy climates – ‘Fraser’; ‘Selwyn’; ‘Veronese’.
• Fodder – ‘Flevo’; ‘Tasman’; ‘Veronese’; ‘Argyle’.
• Timber – ‘Kawa’; ‘Veronese’; ‘Yeogi’; ‘Weraiti’; ‘Otahuao’.
• Firewood – ‘Kawa’; ‘Yeogi’.
<strong>Poplar</strong> <strong>and</strong> willow names
Farmers <strong>and</strong> others often refer to their trees by the clone names or species
name, such as Yunnanensis, Kinuyanagi (actually species called Populus
yunnanensis <strong>and</strong> Salix schwerinii, respectively), <strong>and</strong> ‘Kawa’ or
‘Crowsnest’ (clones). In this booklet we will therefore give the ‘common’
name in brackets after the species <strong>and</strong> later refer to it by this name.
Likewise clone names will appear with single quotes (except in headings).
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