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agsq 14, 2014 - sPf 9<br />
www.PunjabiDailyOnline.ca<br />
Bfrq dysL gulfmI qoN gulfmI qk df sPr<br />
zf: aYs: nfjL 416-271-1040)<br />
iswK gurduafrf aYkt, 1925 dI gfQf<br />
(afKrI iksq)<br />
doPfV hoieaf ieh pMQ lgfqfr 1947<br />
qk doPfV hI irhf sI. ies doPfV kr ky iswK<br />
kOm, 1947 qoˆ pihlf koeI vI pRBfvÈflI<br />
rfjnIiqk pRogrfm dyx dy smrwQ nhIˆ ho skI<br />
sI. ies df sfrf Ëor gurduafirafˆ Auwpr kbËf<br />
krn `qy hI lwgdf irhf sI. dovyˆ DVy iewk-dUjy<br />
dIafˆ lgfqfr lwqfˆ iKwcdy rhy sn. iswtf 1947<br />
ivwc iswKfˆ dy Ëbrdsq AujfVy<br />
aqy kqlyafm ivwc inkilaf<br />
sI. gurduafirafˆ Auwpr kbËf<br />
krn dy bfvjUd iswK lIzriÈp ÈRomxI<br />
gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI nUM iewk nhIˆ rwK skI<br />
sI. awDy qoˆ vwD pMjfb (62 ÌIsdI) pfiksqfn<br />
ivwc rih igaf sI. lgpg pOxy do sO ieiqhfsk<br />
gurduafry AuwDr rih gey sn. ies qrHfˆ<br />
pfiksqfnI pMjfb dy bhuq vwzy ihwsy ivwcoˆ ÈRomxI<br />
kmytI Éqm ho geI sI. ies df mqlb hY ik<br />
pMjfb iswK gurduafrf aYkt 1947 ivwc pwCmI<br />
pMjfb ivwcoˆ Éqm ho igaf sI aqy isrÌ pUrbI<br />
pMjfb ivwc hI rih igaf sI. ieh gurduafrf<br />
aYkt df 1925 qoˆ lY ky 1947 qk df sÌr sI.<br />
ikAuˆik pMjfb iswK gurduafrf aYkt, sUbfeI<br />
aYkt sI aqy hY ies leI 1947 qoˆ bfad vI<br />
ies nUM kdy vI Bfrq dI pfrlImYˆt ivwc pyÈ nhIˆ<br />
kIqf igaf sI. BfrqI pfrlImYˆt qfˆ dUr dI gwl<br />
sI ies nUM kdy pUrbI pMjfb dI ivDfn sBf ivwc<br />
vI pyÈ nhIˆ kIqf igaf sI. iswK lIzriÈp nUM<br />
ieh gwlfˆ 1947 qoˆ pihlfˆ hI socxIafˆ cfhIdIafˆ<br />
sn. iswKfˆ dIafˆ Bfrq dI afËfdI leI bhuq<br />
vwzIafˆ kurbfnIafˆ sn ies krky iswK lIzriÈp<br />
nUM 1947 qoˆ pihlfˆ hI afËfd Bfrq ivwc afpxy<br />
gurduafrf aYkt nUM sUbfeI drjy qoˆ rfÈtrI<br />
pwDr df drjf Bfv afl ieMzIaf iswK gurduafrf<br />
aYkt df drjf idvfAux dI koiÈÈ krnI cfhIdI<br />
sI qfˆ ik afËfd Bfrq ivwc aMgryËfˆ dy bxfey<br />
hoey aYkt nUM Gwto-Gwt ihMdusqfnI sMivDfn df<br />
pfiksqfn `c hoey Dmfky `c vfl-vfl bcy kbfielI ijrgf<br />
pyÈfvr- aPgfinsqfn srhwd nyVly pwCm<br />
AuqrI pfiksqfn dy aÈfˆq ielfky `c inÈfnf bxf<br />
ky buwDvfr nUM kIqy gey bMb Dmfky `c kbfielI<br />
ijrgf dy mYˆbr vfl-vfl bcy.<br />
milk abduwl hkIm afpxy vfhn rfhIˆ<br />
bjfAUr eyjMsI huMdy hoey ikqy jf rhI sI Ausy<br />
dOrfn sVk kMZy lwgy bMb `c Dmfkf krky AunHfˆ<br />
nUM inÈfnf bxfieaf igaf. irmort kMtrol nfl<br />
kIqf igaf bMb Dmfkf vfhn dy iblkul nyVy<br />
bIijMg-dwKxI-pwCmI cIn `c aYqvfr nUM dsqk<br />
dyx vflI qyË bfrÈ nfl mrn vfilafˆ dI igxqI<br />
12 qwk puwj geI hY. qyË bfrÈ ny gueIJoAU sUby<br />
`c iËafdfqr Èihrfˆ aqy mMzlfˆ nUM Kqm kr<br />
idwqf hY, ijs nfl ndI df jl pwDr vD igaf<br />
aqy afvfjfeI Twp ho geI hY. qyË bfrÈ kfrn<br />
Èihrfˆ `c hVH df Kqrf bxI hY. kuJ Èihrfˆ `c<br />
ibjlI aqy sMcfr ivvsQf `c muÈikl hoeI.<br />
zf[ suKidafl isMG<br />
aYkt hox df mfx qfˆ hfsl ho jfˆdf. ieh<br />
aMgryËfˆ df bxfieaf hoieaf aqy iswKfˆ `qy<br />
Toisaf hoieaf aYkt hY. ies leI ies nUM 1947<br />
qoˆ bfad ihMdusqfnI rUp dyxf cfhIdf sI.<br />
iswK rfjnIqI df ieh vwzf duKfˆq hY<br />
ik iswKfˆ dI rfjnIqI 1947 qoˆ pihlfˆ vI<br />
gurduafirafˆ dy duafÜy hI kyˆdrq rhI hY aqy<br />
1947 qoˆ bfad vI. iswK afpxI rfjnIqI nUM<br />
gurduafirafˆ ivwcoˆ kwZ hI nhIˆ<br />
sky. 1947 qoˆ bfad gurduafrf<br />
aYkt, iewk vfr vI nf qfˆ kdy<br />
pMjfb ivDfn sBf ivwc pyÈ hoieaf hY aqy nf hI<br />
pfrlImYˆt ivwc. sB kuJ ËbfnI-klfmI hI huMdf<br />
irhf hY. 1955 df nihrU-qfrf isMG pYkt vI<br />
ËbfnI-klfmI sI aqy isrÌ aÉbfrI ibafnfˆ<br />
Auwpr hI afDfrq sI. 1947 qoˆ bfad kIqI geI<br />
koeI vI qrmIm vwD qoˆ vwD Bfrq srkfr dy gRih<br />
ivBfg qk hI sImq rhI hY. awj koeI vI ieh<br />
kih skdf hY ik `pMjfb iswK gurduafrf aYkt-<br />
1925` dI afËfd Bfrq dy sMivDfn ivwc aqy<br />
pUrbI pMjfb dIafˆ ivDfnsBfeI sUcIafˆ ivwc koeI<br />
vI ilKqI Qfˆ nhIˆ hY. iswK irafsqfˆ Auwpr ieh<br />
lfgU nhIˆ sI. pYpsU Auwpr ieh lfgU nhIˆ sI.<br />
1956 qoˆ pihlfˆ ies aYkt dI jo vI vrqoˆ iswK<br />
irafsqfˆ aqy pYpsU ivwc huMdI rhI hY, Auh isrÌ<br />
iewk prMprf dy qOr `qy ËbfnI-klfmI hI huMdI<br />
rhI hY. hor qfˆ hor, jdoˆ pihlI nvMbr, 1956<br />
nUM pYpsU nUM pMjfb ivwc Èfml kIqf igaf sI qfˆ<br />
vI gurduafrf aYkt nUM pYpsU dy rly hoey Kyqr<br />
ivwc lfgU krn leI pMjfb ivDfn sBf ivwc koeI<br />
kfrvfeI nhIˆ hoeI sI.<br />
iehI kfrn hY ik awj hirafxf ivDfn<br />
sBf vwloˆ hirafxy dy gurduafirafˆ leI vwKrI<br />
kmytI bxfAux dy muwdy ny `iswK gurduafrf<br />
aYkt,1925` dI pol KolH ky rwK idwqI hY. afËfd<br />
Bfrq ivwc 1925 dy gurduafrf aYkt df koeI<br />
vI kfnUMnI afDfr nhIˆ hY.<br />
hoieaf pr AunHfˆ nUM koeI nuksfn nhIˆ puwjf. surwiKaf<br />
Pors qurMq Dmfky vflI Qfˆ `qy phuMc gey<br />
aqy ielfky dI GyrfbMdI krky Koj muihMm ÈurU kr<br />
idwqI hY. aÈfˆq pwCmI Auqr kbfielI Kyqr `c<br />
ijrgf dy mYˆbrfˆ `qy jfnlyvf hmlf hoxf bhuq<br />
afm gwl hY. iesy sfl meI `c imrfnÈfh kol<br />
hoey hmly `c srkfr dI hmfieq krn vfly<br />
pRBfvI kbfielI ijrgf milk kfdr Kfn aqy<br />
AunHfˆ dy do surwiKaf gfrzfˆ dI mOq ho geI sI.<br />
cIn `c bfrÈ kfrn imRqkfˆ dI igxqI 12 qwk puwjI<br />
mMinaf jf irhf hY ik BfrI bfrÈ kfrn gueIJoAU<br />
dI arQ-ivvsQf `qy 64 kroV Xuafn df nuksfn<br />
hoieaf hY.<br />
aiDkfrIafˆ ny 35,000 lokfˆ nUM<br />
surwiKaq Qfvfˆ `qy phuMcf idwqf hY. sUbfeI BUivigafink<br />
kyˆdr ny ikhf ik gueIJoAU dy pUrbI<br />
aqy dwKxI ielfikafˆ `c mMglvfr qoˆ buwDvfr<br />
drimafn bfrÈ dI dsqk dyx dI sMBfvnf hY.<br />
“isafsI jLMjIrF dy tuwt jfx df arQ ieh kdI<br />
nhIN huMdf ik dysL afjLfd ho igaf hY”<br />
15 agsq 1947 df ajyhf sPr jLrUr<br />
hY ijs idn Bfrq goiraF dI vsqIvfd dI pMjflLI<br />
lfh ky iewk nvyN dOr ivwc dfiKl huMdf hY. bhuq<br />
hwd qIk bVIaF afsF, jjLbfqF, BivwsL dy supny,<br />
axpVHqf dIaF pMjflLIaF df tuwtxf, Dfrimk<br />
AUc nIc df ZYh ZyrI hoxf, smfjI brfbrqf aqy<br />
DrmF dIaF vMzIaF df nsLt hoxf hr iewk jIvMq<br />
ieMnsfn df suPnf sI, hoieaf ies dy sB kuJ hI<br />
Ault. pRoPYsr mohn isMG Auhnf idnf df kvI<br />
ivlkdf njLr pYNdf hYasmfn<br />
qoN AuWqrI afjLfdI dI prI,<br />
ibrilaF qy tfitaF ny boc leI.<br />
keI dhfky asIN bwcy vFgr zmI jF<br />
cuMgxI qy vI gujLfrf krdy rhy, ies afsry ik hux<br />
vI kuJ Kfx leI imlygf; qy hux vI imilaf!ieh<br />
sB kuJ iewk hvfeI gubfry vrgf afkfr hI bx<br />
ky rih igaf.<br />
“Bfrq mfqf jo kdI sony dI cVIaf sI, kdI vI<br />
grIbF leI afty dI icVI nf bx skI”<br />
Drm aqy smfj ny awgy pulFg ptx dI<br />
bjfey ajyhy injLfm ivwc gulfmI dIaF nIhF hor<br />
vI pwkIaF krky iemfrqF KVIaF af kIqIaF.<br />
huMdf ieh hY ik isafsI iqlkx bfjLI ieh dsdI<br />
hY ik rfjf sLfhI tuwtx mgroN jmhUrIaq dI “syb<br />
gwzI” srmfey dfrI injLfm dy hQ afAuNdI hY.<br />
sDfrx grIb lok jo kyvl vot lYx leI cYs dI<br />
Kyz vFgr kyvl goty hI huMdy hn ibkrI ivwc vycy<br />
KrIdy jFdy hn. vyKx nUM ijvy sfry sMsfr aMdr<br />
Bfrq sB qoN vwzf lok rfj hY, pr aslvfd ivwc<br />
ieh iewk ZoNg rfj hI isD huMdf hY.<br />
afm krky rojL nfhry lwgdy hn “sfzy<br />
lIzr cor hn” pr iehnf corF nUM modIKfny dy<br />
mfilk bxfAux vfly vI qF votr hI hn. asIN<br />
vot pf ky corF nUM cuxdy hF qy iPr ieljLfm bfjLI<br />
iks qy krdy ho! hux asIN ajyhI siQqI qy af<br />
KVy huMdy hF ijs ivwc sfry dy sfry BfrqI lok rfj<br />
df inkfb sfP jLfihr ho jFdf hY. asIN hux sPfeI<br />
nfl jfx skdy hF ik ajyhI hflq ivwc do DVy<br />
sfP njLr af jFdy hn. iewk lutyiraF df aqy<br />
dUjf luwt Kfx vfilaF df. lutyry jfxdy hn ik<br />
grIb KrIidaf jf skdf hY. Auh ivkfAU hY. ies<br />
qrF lutyiraF dI aqy luwt hox vfilaF dI bhuq<br />
hwd qk sFJ jF BfeIvflI vI hY.<br />
ijs nYiqkqf sdfcfr aqy siBak<br />
ivhfr dI asIN gwl krdy hF, BuwK ies nUM hVH<br />
vFgr Kor; Zfh lf vhf lY jFdI hY.<br />
dujf Bfg ien ibwn ies pRkfr df hI<br />
hY lokF nUM ieMnsfP aqy hwkF df dyxf. Gt igxqI<br />
vfly lokF dI Dfrimk, smfijk, aqy afriQk qOr<br />
qy rKvflI bfbq vDyry nf kihMdf hoieaf kyvl<br />
iewk gwl ivwc hI nbyVdy hF ik isafsI rfhbr<br />
hI ijQy rfhjLn hox AuQy ieMnsfP psMdI kI arQ<br />
rKdI hY. 1984 dy dMgy aqy isK nsl kusLI qoN lY<br />
ky AuVIsf, CqIs gVH ivwc msIhIaF df kqly<br />
afm, gujrfq ivwc 1947 vfly sfky df muslmfnF<br />
qy jLulm vfly hfdsy ajy qk ies krky hI<br />
ieMnsfP dI adflq ivwc ltk rhy hn ik<br />
aprfDI apxI Aumr Bog ky mr jfxgy, iPr<br />
afpIN hI kys rwdU bwdU ho rih jfxgy. dUjy pfsy<br />
ieh qF asIN sfry dy sfry ipwtdy rhy ik modI<br />
kfiql hY, iPLrkf pRsq hY, pr ijs idn cox<br />
krnI sI, Aus idn qfj posLI krky Bfrq df<br />
pRDfn bxf idwqf. myrf iksy nfl jLfqI iglf nhIN,<br />
mYN kyvl iehnf lokF dy sdfcfr aqy ivhfr dI<br />
gl krdf hF.<br />
Bfrq dI grIbI df ijLkr kridaF<br />
hoieaf kuwJ ajyhIaF vI dlIlF isfasI mhF blI<br />
dyNdy hn ijs qoN ieh sfbq huMdf hY ik sfry BfrqI<br />
inGfr df sbwb ies qy goiraF dy rfj df hI sI<br />
ijs ny ies dI sfrI afriQkqf qbfh kr ky rwK<br />
idwqI; ho skdf hY ies ivwc kuwJ hd qk scfeI<br />
vI hovy. ies pRkfr ijvyN afm krky hI aDkwc<br />
pVHfeI vfly lok ieh ieljLfm mVH dyNdy hn ik<br />
goiraF dI pflsI “pfVo qy rj kro”(Divide<br />
and Rule) ny Bfrq df kuwJ nhIN rihx idwqf.<br />
myrf iewk sDfrx ijhf hI svfl ieh vI puwC<br />
skdf hY ik mMn ilaf ieh pfVo qy rfj kro vflI<br />
dlIl TIk sI; afiKr ijs ny rfj krnf hY Auh<br />
kuwJ nf kuJ qF jLrUr hI krygf. do svfl ijLhn<br />
nUM tuMbdy hn, iewk qF ieh ik kI Bfrq ny ieh<br />
pfVvfd vflI gwl apxI sfrI qvfrIK ivwc<br />
pihlI vfrI suxI sI ieslfm dI gulfmI<br />
svIkfr krn qoN pihloN kI kdI Bfrq ny ieh pfVo<br />
qy rfj kro vflI pflsI kdI nhIN apnfeI sI<br />
dUjI gwl ieh hY ik mMn ilaf; goiraF ny sfnUM 15<br />
agsq 1947 qoN pihloN pfV ky duPfV jF cuPfV<br />
vI kIqf hovy, pr hux kOx pfV irhf hY jd<br />
bfbrI msjd df JgVf sfhmxy afieaf sfrf<br />
dysL Aus hI lkIr qy KVf sI jo 1947 ivwc sI.<br />
dilwq jF pCVIaF jfqF afjLfdI qoN hjLfrF sfl<br />
vI ies dI dldl ivwc sn jo awj vI hY. pqf<br />
nhIN ijs “sony dI icVI”dy Xuwg df hvflf asIN<br />
suxdy hF; iks rfm rfj ivwc sI asIN ijs<br />
qvfrIK qoN jfxU hF ieh hI afKdI hY ik sfry<br />
Bfrq ivwc kflL gorI hkUmq qoN pihloN vI pYNdy<br />
sn qy awj vI. aYs: aYm: mfeIkl aqy ivlIam:<br />
ey: hyvlYNz jo XU: aYn dy srkrdf grIb dysLF dy<br />
pflsI mykr hn ies pRkfr afKdy hn ik Bfrq<br />
ivwc dilq aqy pCVIaF hoeIaF jmfqF ivwc<br />
65% grIbI ryKf qoN ikqy hyT vsybf krdy hn.<br />
mugLl rfj koeI 1860 ivwc Bfrq ivwcoN Kqm ho<br />
igaf aqy ies dy aihlkfrF aqy bfdsLfhF ny vI<br />
isvfey mkbry jF kbrF bxfAux qoN hor pqf nhIN<br />
Bfrq dI AunqI leI kI kIqf sI. pMzq jvfhr<br />
lfl nihrU aMgRyjLF dI afriQk pflsI dI bfbq<br />
itwpxI dyNdf hoieaf afKdf hY; “ vDyry krky jo<br />
Bfg aMgRyjLF dI hkUmq hyT rhy hn Auh Bfrq<br />
ivwc vDyry grIbI dI mfr hyT sn. sLsI QrUr jo<br />
iksy vyly XU:aYn dy aMzr sYktrI aqy Bfrq dy<br />
ivdysL mMqrI mMzl ivwc kYbnt iminstr df<br />
Auhdf inBf cuky hn; afKdy hn, “ aMgRyjLF ny<br />
BfrqI klfkfrI ikrq dI mOq kr idwqI aqy<br />
Bfrq dy byjLImIny mjLdUr pYdf kr ky rwK idwqy<br />
aqy sfzI grIbI dy GfVyy hn”.<br />
iehnF dlIlF nUM jLrf ku iewk ipRjLm<br />
ilsLkor hyT vyiKaf jfvy qF ieh pqf vlgdf hY<br />
ik dovyN hI dlIlF KoKlIaF aqy lokF dIaF awKF<br />
ivwc DUV pfAux vflIaF hn. pihlI pMizq nihrU<br />
dI dlIl ik jo Bfg goiraF dy rfj hyT sn Auh<br />
vDyry grIb sn; keI svfl pYdf krdI hY. iewk<br />
qF ies hY ik koeI ieh dwsy ik Auh ikhVf Bfg<br />
Bfrq df sI jo amIr qy ivgsq sI dUjf ieh<br />
ik ies dy nfl nfl ieh vI vyKxf pvygf ik<br />
Bfrq dI awj dI hflq dIaF qrwkI vwl pulFg<br />
leI vI asIN Aus ibRitsL pihl kdmI df hI<br />
nqIjf smJdy hF jo kdI goiraF dy rfj ny kIqI<br />
sI. kuwJ ku imsflF ies pRkfr hn. jy pMjfb dI<br />
hI hflq nUM ilaf jfvy- pwCmI pMjfb ijs nUM awj<br />
asIN pfiksqfn afKdy hF, ies ivwc nihrF df<br />
jfl ivCfAux vfly gory hI sn. gujrFvflf,<br />
lfiel pur, imMtgumrI aqy isMD dy sfry rygsqfn<br />
nUM srsbjL krn vfly ieh aMgRyjLI hkUmq hI sI.<br />
ies dy hjLfrF mIlF qk sVkF aqy rylvy df jfl<br />
ivCfAux vfly ieh ieMgRyjL hI sn. Bfrq ivwc<br />
ivwidak aqy mYzIkl isstm dI pihl krn<br />
vflI ieh hI hkUmq sI. sfry jLmInI aqy pRbMiDk<br />
ZFcy nUM iksy byimsfl qrIky nfl clfAux df ZMg<br />
asIN iehnF qoN hI iswiKaf. ies dy nfl nfl<br />
smfijk KoKly ZMg nUM suDfr krn aqy Bfrq dy<br />
adlIaf dI buinafd vI iehnF ny hI rwKI jo awj<br />
vI cl rhI hY. ieh alwg gwl hY ik asIN<br />
aMmbydkfr nUM svIDfn GfVf afKdy hF pr Auh<br />
ikhVf svIDfn hY ijs dI nkl awj Bfrq ny nhIN<br />
mfrI. dysL dI imltrI, hvfeI aqy jl sYnf qk<br />
sfrI dI sfrI Ausy ZMg qy hY jo ibRitsL dy gey.<br />
Auh ikhVI nvIN Koj jF Bfl hY jo Bfrq ny afjLfd<br />
ho ky kIqI hovy. qy mYN afKFgf ik ieh aMgRyjLF dI<br />
bsqI vfd dI ieh dyx vI sI ik Auh ijQy vI gey<br />
AuhnF ny iehnF dysLF ivwc bysLumfr suDfr kIqy;<br />
(bfkI sPf 13 qy)