Byron Flora and Fauna Study 1999 - Byron Shire Council

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BYRON FLORA AND FAUNA STUDY, 1999 Subtropical rainforest near the coast – littoral rainforest (Sites BB5, BB7, BB16, BB17, BB30, BB36) Littoral rainforest contains species that are also found in dry rainforest sub-formations and are able to withstand high levels of airborne salt (Floyd 1990b). In Byron Shire, littoral rainforest (Beach Acronychia Acronychia imperforata-Tuckeroo Cupaniopsis anacardioides -Three-veined Cryptocarya Cryptocarya triplinervis-Beach Alectryon Alectryon coriaceus associations) occurred in sheltered, fire-protected sites on siliceous sands with Coast Banksia Banksia integrifolia common in the canopy where there was an increase in fire frequency. At Cape Byron, littoral rainforest occurred on metasediments with Brush Box often present in the canopy. Site BB36 was located on coastal sand south of Broken Head. The upper stratum was dominated by Brush Box and Broad-leaved Lilly Pilly. Other species present in the upper stratum included Hard Corkwood Endiandra sieberi, Pink Bloodwood Corymbia intermedia, Strangling Fig Ficus watkinsiana and Hoop Pine. The midstratum included Red Pear-fruit Mischocarpus australis, Stinking Cryptocarya, Scented Acronychia Acronychia littoralis, Saffron Heart Halfordia kendack, Bennett’s Ash and Tuckeroo. Sessile Burrawang Lepidozamia peroffskyana, Crow’s Nest Fern Asplenium australasicum, Stinking Cryptocarya, Hoop Pine and Prickly Alyxia Alyxia ruscifolia were present in the lower stratum. The ground stratum comprised Kreysigia Tripladenia cunninghamii, Midgen Berry Austromyrtus dulcis, Cabbage Palm Livistona australis and Blue Flax Lily Dianella caerulea. Below the escarpment and to the west of Byron Hills, a suburb of Byron Bay, the substrate consisted of sand enriched with basalt (washed down from the soils on the plateau above the escarpment). At Site BB16 the upper stratum comprised Brush Box with rainforest species such as Bennett’s Ash, Australian Teak, Crow’s Ash Pentaceras australe, Cudgerie, Firewheel Tree Stenocarpus sinuatus and Brown Bolly Gum Litsea australis in the overstorey. The midstratum included Veiny Lace-flower Archidendron muellerianum, White Lace-flower Archidendron hendersonii, Saffron Heart, Hoop Pine, Crystal Creek Walnut and Three-veined Laurel. The lower stratum included Guioa Guioa semiglauca, Stinking Cryptocarya, Lantana and Brush Caper Berry Capparis arborea. The ground stratum was dominated by rainforest seedlings. Rainforest
A GREENPRINT FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE Such areas tend to be regarded as being of low conservation significance but often provide habitat for Threatened species. The Endangered Davidson’s Plum was recorded in several areas which fell into this category. This association was mapped mainly on basaltic soils but was also recorded on rhyolite, metasediments, sediments, alluvium and aeolian sands. Rainforest regrowth typically included (in addition to Camphor Laurel), pioneer and midstage species such as Umbrella Cheese Tree Glochidion sumatranum, Cheese Tree Glochidion ferdinandi, Guioa, Red Ash, Blackwood, Brown Kurrajong Commersonia bartramia, Red Cedar, Crow’s Ash and Cudgerie. The mid and lower strata included a high diversity of rainforest species in addition to weed species, e.g. Lantana). The ground stratum included species such as Blue Flax Lily, Native Ginger and Common Ground Fern Calochlaena dubia. Most areas of rainforest regrowth included a significant proportion of exotic plants (e.g. Small-leaved Privet Ligustrum sinense, Large-leaved Privet L. lucidum (Photo 31), Crofton Weed Ageratina adenophora, Mistweed, Mickey Mouse Plant and White Passionflower Passiflora subpeltata). 4.7.3 Camphor Laurel +/- naturalised exotic tree species Camphor Laurel forest and woodland and other naturalised exotic tree species Camphor Laurel was recorded mainly on basalt-derived soils and to a lesser extent on metamorphic soils. Small areas were mapped on alluvium, rhyolitic-basaltic soils, rhyolite, sediments and aeolian substrates. Although Camphor Laurel dominated the canopy, the mid and lower strata varied considerably. At some sites the mid and lower strata were sparse with few species present, in other areas the Camphor Laurel forest contained a structurally and floristically diverse rainforest understorey. Camphor Laurel 51-80% (cL1) Camphor Laurel (51-80%) +/- subtropical rainforest spp. +/- Eucalyptus spp. +/- Brush Box +/- Acacia spp. (Sites PS11, H26) On Pleistocene sands (Site PS11) Camphor Laurel was recorded as the dominant species in the upper stratum with Brush Box, Paperbark and Flooded Gum Eucalyptus grandis subdominant. The mid and lower strata were dominated by Callicoma Callicoma serratifolia, Umbrella Cheese Tree, Bangalow Palm and Paperbark and Tall Saw Sedge, Eared Swamp Fern Blechnum camfieldii and Spreading Shield Fern Sticherus lobatus. At Wilsons Creek Road on basalt soils (Site H26, Photo 8) Camphor Laurel dominated forest included Flooded Gum and Tallowwood Eucalyptus microcorys in the upper stratum. The midstratum was dominated by Camphor Laurel with rainforest species present including Crow’s Ash, Guioa and Sweet Pittosporum Pittosporum undulatum. The lower strata included Lantana and Bracken Fern and the ground stratum was dominated by Mistweed. Camphor Laurel 81-100% (cL2) Camphor Laurel (81-100%) +/- subtropical rainforest spp. (Sites PS3, BB23) Site P3 at McGettigan’s Lane was located in Camphor Laurel forest on basaltic soils. Camphor Laurel was the only species present in the upper stratum. The midstratum was sparse but dominated by Camphor Laurel. The introduced Loquat Eriobotrya japonica was also common in the midstratum and White Bolly Gum Neolitsea dealbata was present but not common. The ground stratum was dominated by Camphor Laurel. Guioa seedlings were present in the ground stratum but were uncommon. On metasediments at Broken Head (BB23), Camphor Laurel was the only species present in the upper stratum. The mid and lower strata were dominated by Camphor Laurel with Sweet Pittosporum, Guioa and Lantana also present. The ground stratum comprised rainforest seedlings, Harsh Ground Fern Hypolepis muelleri and Camphor Laurel seedlings. 44
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Byron Flora and Fauna Study 1999 - Byron Shire Council

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