Metropolitan Melbourne Investigation Discussion Paper - Victorian ...

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A total of 495 native vertebrate fauna and 72 native invertebrate species have been recorded within the investigation area. Perhaps surprisingly, given the level of habitat modifi cation, metropolitan Melbourne has a diverse vertebrate fauna with approximately 70 per cent of species currently known in Victoria recorded within the investigation area. A list of fauna recorded within the investigation area is published at www.veac.vic.gov.au. The investigation area contains 319 species of birds, approximately two-thirds of all fauna species recorded in the investigation area. Mobile species such as birds are well suited to urban areas as they can more easily move between fragmented habitat patches. Species such as rainbow lorikeet Trichoglossus haematodus and Australian magpie Gymnorhina tibicen are common in a variety of habitats across Melbourne while others, such as eastern yellow robin Eopsaltria australis, white-browed scrubwren Sericornis frontalis and superb fairy-wren Malurus cyaneus, prefer more intact habitat. Box 2.2 The grey-headed flying-fox – an urban adaptor The grey-headed fl ying-fox Pteropus poliocephalus, the largest member of the fruit bat family, is endemic along the south-eastern coast of Australia including south-west Victoria. It had been an occasional visitor to the Melbourne area since 1884, but it wasn’t until 1986 that it settled in the Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne. The population was subsequently relocated to Yarra Bend Park in 2003 as it was causing serious damage to signifi cant vegetation at the gardens. Urban areas appear to be becoming increasingly important to the grey-headed fl ying-fox with fl ying-fox camps within or near Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane and Darwin. The movement to Melbourne is probably due to a combination of natural habitat removal, local climate change (Melbourne is now warmer and more humid) and an increased and year-round availability of food resources (for example, 120 plant species native to Queensland and NSW and favoured by the grey-headed fl ying-fox have been planted in parks and along Melbourne’s streets). Melbourne also provides protection from shooting, and street lighting may provide easier night-time navigation. Source: Yarra Bend Park fl ying-fox campsite: review of the scientifi c research. 54 Forty-seven terrestrial and semi-aquatic mammal species have been recorded within the investigation area, largely bats and other arboreal mammal species such as possums and gliders. This may be because urbanised areas such as Melbourne often lack suitable habitat for ground-dwelling mammals. 56 The common brushtail possum Trichosurus vulpecula and common ringtail possum Pseudocheirus peregrinus are the two most widespread arboreal native mammal species within inner Melbourne. They have adapted to inner Melbourne for several reasons including an unspecialised diet, their use of man-made structures for shelter and their ability to move across cleared ground and via the tree canopy. 56 Other arboreal mammal species such as yellow-bellied glider Petaurus australis, feathertail glider Acrobates pygmaeus and eastern pygmy possum Cercartetus nanus, have more specialised diets and are largely restricted to natural areas in outer metropolitan Melbourne. Seven marine mammal species such as dolphins and seals have also been recorded. Forty-one reptile species have been recorded within the investigation area. These include 29 lizard species with all major groups (geckos, skinks, dragons, goannas and legless lizards) represented. Eight snake species have also been recorded, with common species including eastern brown snake Pseudonaja textilis, tiger snake Notechis scutatus and common copperhead Austrelaps superbus. 40
Figure 2.9 Bioregional conservation status of Ecological Vegetation Classes in the investigation area Source: Department of Sustainability and Environment Legend Bioregional Conservation Status Endangered Vulnerable Rare Major Depleted Least Concern Roads Major Rivers Investigation area boundary Water bodies 0 3.5 7 14 21 Kilometres Nineteen amphibian species have also been recorded within the investigation area (out of a total of 33 species within Victoria). Species such as the southern brown tree frog Litoria ewingii and eastern banjo frog Limnodynastes dumerilii are common within Melbourne and can often be heard calling from suburban gardens. Sixty-two species of fi sh have been recorded within the investigation area. These include freshwater fi sh such as eels, lampreys, galaxiids, gudgeons, river blackfi sh Gadopsis marmoratus, pigmy perch, smelt and tupong Pseudaphritis urvillii. Seventy-two terrestrial and freshwater invertebrate species have been recorded within the investigation area. These include 59 terrestrial and freshwater insect species (mostly butterfl y species) and 13 crustacean species (such as yabbies and crayfi sh). Many species of invertebrates are yet to be described. Threatened species and communities The investigation area contains a large proportion of Victoria’s threatened fl ora and fauna species with 178 plant species, 106 vertebrate fauna and eight invertebrate fauna species listed as threatened in Australia and Victoria. 57,58 Habitat for some species such as the grassland earless dragon Tympanocryptis pinquicolla and various orchid species occurs almost exclusively within the investigation area. Box 2.3 on the following page provides some background on one of these species, the Eltham copper butterfl y Paralucia pyrodiscus lucida. 41
Page 1 and 2: Metropolitan Melbourne Investigatio
Page 3 and 4: Metropolitan Melbourne Investigatio
Page 5 and 6: Council members (left to right): G
Page 7 and 8: CONTENTS Foreword 1 The structure o
Page 9 and 10: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY picture of the us
Page 11 and 12: PART A INTRODUCTION This part provi
Page 13 and 14: Metropolitan Melbourne’s populati
Page 15 and 16: 1.4 Scope of the investigation This
Page 17 and 18: sporting facilities and parks, gard
Page 19 and 20: 1.7 Policy context 1.7.1 INTERNATIO
Page 21: A signifi cant, staged increase in
Page 24 and 25: 2 METROPOLITAN MELBOURNE - THE PLAC
Page 26 and 27: 22 Figure 2.1 Geology of the invest
Page 28 and 29: Beaumaris and Sandringham. This are
Page 30 and 31: 26 Figure 2.2 Geomorphological unit
Page 32 and 33: had a signifi cant impact on many b
Page 34 and 35: Water quality Water quality is natu
Page 36 and 37: 2.3 Biodiversity Biodiversity refer
Page 38 and 39: 2.3.3 ECOLOGICAL VEGETATION CLASSES
Page 40 and 41: 36 Figure 2.6 Existing native veget
Page 42 and 43: 38 Figure 2.8 Vegetation quality wi
Page 46 and 47: Box 2.3 Eltham copper butterfly The
Page 48 and 49: The investigation area contains abo
Page 50 and 51: Globally, warming is accelerating.
Page 52 and 53: Figure 2.11 Average annual inflows
Page 54 and 55: 3 METROPOLITAN MELBOURNE - THE PEOP
Page 56 and 57: Box 3.1 Woodlands Historic Park Woo
Page 58 and 59: Figure 3.2 ‘Batman’s Treaty wit
Page 60 and 61: 3.3.2 THE GROWTH AND URBANISATION O
Page 62 and 63: 3.3.3 MELBOURNE’S PLANNING HISTOR
Page 64 and 65: 3.4 The people of metropolitan Melb
Page 66 and 67: 3.4.2 MELBOURNE’S FUTURE POPULATI
Page 68 and 69: 4 PUBLIC LAND The Victorian Environ
Page 70 and 71: G Other government departments own
Page 72 and 73: 4.4 Public land use categories An e
Page 74 and 75: National and state parks Victoria
Page 76 and 77: Other natural features reserves suc
Page 78 and 79: Table 4.5 Regional parks in the inv
Page 80 and 81: and tensions between user groups ar
Page 82 and 83: and utilities areas than elsewhere
Page 84 and 85: Table 4.6 Reference areas NAME AREA
Page 86 and 87: A summary of popular sport and recr
Page 88 and 89: Recycled water Melburnians use abou
Page 90 and 91: 4.7.5 COMMERCIAL RESOURCE USES Acro
Page 93 and 94: PART D THE CONTRIBUTION OF PUBLIC L
Page 95 and 96:
5.3 The contribution of public land
Page 97 and 98:
LIVEABILITY GOAL: Dynamic resilient
Page 99 and 100:
5.4 Opportunities for enhancing the
Page 101 and 102:
Table 6.1 Open space categories CAT
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6.3 A history of Melbourne’s publ
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6.4 Open space strategies for metro
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Figure 6.2 Urban growth boundary an
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Trails are an important component o
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Public open space per capita Public
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Figure 6.7 Public open space per ca
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6.9 Providing new open space Box 6.
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COMMENTS INVITED The open space con
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Parklands and gardens The City of M
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Coastal impacts Sea-level rise in f
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8 ENHANCING BIODIVERSITY IN METROPO
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Climate change may also affect ecos
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Box 8.3 The National Reserve System
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Victoria’s Native Vegetation Mana
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Box 9.1 A short history of public l
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9.3 Scope of surplus public land Pu
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9.3.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF SURPLUS PU
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Box 9.3 Summary of Crown land asses
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government purchasers with suffi ci
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Biodiversity conservation Chapter 8
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10 DRAFT RECOMMENDATIONS Public lan
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Regional park Regional parks are se
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Water production areas Water produc
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10.2 Recommendations to enhance the
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Figure 10.1 Proposed additions to K
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Figure 10.2 Proposed additions to B
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Figure 10.3 Proposed Point Cook Coa
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Figure 10.4 Proposed Bandicoot Corn
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Figure 10.5 Ryans Swamp and surroun
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Figure 10.6 Edithvale Wetland Legen
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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ABS BP C
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REFERENCES 1 Department of Infrastr
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80 Richardson, K., Steffen, W., Sch
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177 Parliament of Victoria (2008) S
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APPENDIX 1 COMMUNITY REFERENCE GROU
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APPENDIX 3 HISTORIC PLACES IN METRO
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Kings Domain Resting Place, Melbour
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ID SITE NAME PLACE TYPE Brimbank H0
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ID SITE NAME PLACE TYPE H0932 Retai
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ID SITE NAME PLACE TYPE H1051 Forme
Page 184 and 185:
ID SITE NAME PLACE TYPE H0718 North
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PROTECTED AREA MUNICIPALITY AREA (H
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PROTECTED AREA MUNICIPALITY AREA (H
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Proportion of public open space in
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Public open space ownership within
Page 194 and 195:
Public open space per capita (2006,
Page 196:
Public consultation Land is general
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