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PDF of Lecture Notes - School of Mathematical Sciences

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1. DISTRIBUTION THEORY<br />

Just substitute<br />

P (x, y − x) = P X1 (x)P X2 (y − x).<br />

Theorem. 1.8.2<br />

Suppose X 1 , X 2 are continuous with <strong>PDF</strong>, f(x 1 , x 2 ), and let Y = X 1 + X 2 . Then<br />

1. f Y (y) =<br />

∫ ∞<br />

−∞<br />

f(x, y − x) dx.<br />

2. If X 1 , X 2 are independent, then<br />

f Y (y) =<br />

Pro<strong>of</strong>. 1. F Y (y) = P (Y ≤ y)<br />

∫ ∞<br />

−∞<br />

= P (X 1 + X 2 ≤ y)<br />

f X1 (x)f X2 (y − x) dx.<br />

=<br />

∫ ∞ ∫ y−x1<br />

x 1 =−∞ x 2 =−∞<br />

f(x 1 , x 2 ) dx 2 dx 1 .<br />

Let x 2 = t − x 1 ,<br />

⇒ dx 2<br />

dt = 1<br />

⇒ dx 2 = dt<br />

=<br />

=<br />

∫ ∞ ∫ y<br />

−∞<br />

∫ y<br />

−∞<br />

−∞<br />

f(x 1 , t − x 1 ) dt dx 1<br />

{∫ ∞<br />

}<br />

f(x 1 , t − x 1 ) dx 1 dt<br />

−∞<br />

⇒ f Y (y) = F ′ Y (y) =<br />

∫ ∞<br />

−∞<br />

f(x, y − x) dx.<br />

Pro<strong>of</strong>. (2)<br />

Take f(x, y − x) = f X1 (x) f X2 (y − x) if X 1 , X 2 independent.<br />

34

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