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Kwangtung Province<br />

:ography by Lands & Survey Department PWD<br />

© Hong Kong Government 1978<br />

Market<br />

Towns


UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG<br />

LIBRARY<br />

Hong Kong Collection<br />

gift from<br />

N.T. <strong>Development</strong> Dept.<br />

Hong Kong


ACC. NO.<br />

DATE OF ACC.<br />

CLASS NO.<br />

AUTHOR NO. ;-' - J<br />

Contents<br />

Introduction<br />

<strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong><br />

Fanling-Sheung Shui-Shek Wu Hui<br />

Yuen Long<br />

Introduction<br />

REBOUND<br />

In 1972, Hong Kong's Executive Council gave its approval<br />

to the adoption of a "Ten Year Housing Target<br />

Programme", which included proposals for the expansion<br />

of the three Market Towns— <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong>, Fanling/Sheung Shui/<br />

. 15 Shek Wu Hui and Yuen Long. Plans have now been<br />

drawn up for the expansion of these Market Towns in the<br />

25 New Territories so that ultimately they accommodate<br />

nearly half a million people .<br />

Urban development in the New Territories is in fact taking<br />

place on three distinct levels. The New Towns of Sha Tin,<br />

Tuen Mun and Tsuen Wan are the first ranking urban<br />

centres. They are followed by the Market Towns, and then<br />

the smaller rural townships such as Cheung Chau, Mui O,<br />

Sai Kung and others.<br />

The three Market Towns are being expanded and<br />

developed as balanced townships, as self-contained as<br />

possible, with all modern basic amenities.<br />

At <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> and Yuen Long, the first two industrial estates<br />

in Hong Kong are also being developed.<br />

Although historically the Market Towns have always played<br />

a significant role in the life of the New Territories, growth<br />

in recent years has been overshadowed by the rapid buildup<br />

in population within the three New Towns. However,<br />

with the drawing up of the latest plans, the scope of<br />

development in the Market Towns has been increased<br />

greatly and they are likely to emerge once again as<br />

important centres in their own right.<br />

The present population of the three Market Towns is about<br />

100,000 and the transition to fully balanced townships<br />

housing almost 500,000 people is the responsibility of the<br />

New Territories <strong>Development</strong> Department (N.T.D.D.).<br />

Established within the Public Works Department in 1973 to<br />

plan and develop New Towns an


, long<br />

N<br />

Metres<br />

1 000 1500 2000<br />

<strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> <strong>Development</strong><br />

general land use proposal<br />

Cartography by Lands & Survey Department, PWD (<br />

© Hong Kong Government, 1978 I


TAIPO<br />

The old town of <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> lies at the head of the northwestern<br />

arm of Tolo Harbour, at the point where the road from<br />

Kowloon to Fanling crosses the Lower Lam Tsuen River.<br />

On the north-eastern side of the river adjacent to the Ting<br />

Kok Road is <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> Old Market. Between 1960 and 1970<br />

the town expanded rapidly as the area southeast of the<br />

old town on both sides of Kwong Fuk Road was developed.<br />

This most recent part of the town is known as <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong><br />

Central Area.<br />

At present, <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> has a population of about 30,000.<br />

Many more people live in its peripheral areas, around the<br />

shores of Tolo Harbour and in the valleys leading up into<br />

the surrounding hills and mountains. There is a strong<br />

feeling of identity with the mountains and the sea which<br />

form an attractive backdrop to <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong>. The local fishing<br />

fleet can still be seen anchored off <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> Kau where the<br />

ferry pier and other marine facilities are situated.<br />

Agriculture still plays an important part in the local<br />

economy and much of the produce from the villages of the<br />

area is sold from the market and hawker stalls in <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong>.<br />

The continuing pace of urban development inevitably<br />

means that agricultural land close to the town will be lost,<br />

but with such a large hinterland as <strong>Tai</strong>po enjoys the<br />

traditional function of the town as a market centre will<br />

remain important in the future.<br />

The <strong>Development</strong> Plan<br />

The principal objective of the plan to expand <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> is to<br />

develop a community within a more satisfactory urban<br />

environment having an adequate range of commercial,<br />

industrial and community facilities. Much of the new land<br />

available for development will be reclaimed from the sea,<br />

but the existing areas of the town will also be further<br />

developed and improved.<br />

In carrying out reclamation, borrow areas will be brought<br />

into operation to provide the necessary filling material<br />

and the proper reinstatement and after-use of these borrow<br />

areas is an important element in the overall plan.<br />

The major land uses will be centred around the<br />

reclamation to the north and east of the existing town.<br />

Primarily for residential use — both public and private -<br />

the area will also include commercial development,<br />

principal community buildings such as the cultural complex,<br />

open space and some industrial land. North-east of the<br />

town adjacent to Ting Kok Road, will be the <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong><br />

Industrial Estate — already in the course of development.<br />

Peripheral areas will contain additional lower-density<br />

residential areas, further light industrial land, village areas<br />

and open space zones.<br />

The ultimate population of the <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> area is expected to<br />

be about 220,000 people, of whom some 170,000 would<br />

be living in the <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> township itself.<br />

Transport<br />

<strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> will be linked to Sha Tin New Town and Kowloon<br />

by a new coastal trunk road, which will eventually be<br />

extended to Yuen Long. The existing road connecting<br />

<strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> with Fanling will also be improved.<br />

Rapid communications with Sha Tin, Kowloon and Fanling<br />

will also be provided by the Kowloon-Canton Railway. The<br />

initial stages of an extensive modernisation programme are<br />

already under way with the double tracking of the<br />

main line between Hung Horn and Sha Tin and by the early<br />

1980's it is expected that this will have been extended to<br />

<strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong>. Considerable improvements are also planned for<br />

the rolling stock which will be in use on the railway. The<br />

expanded town will continue to be served by the stations at<br />

<strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> Market and <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> Kau which will themselves<br />

be modernised.<br />

Within the town, a network of roads is planned to serve<br />

each of the individual planning areas. This network will be<br />

linked to the trunk road by two interchanges. Another<br />

important link in the network will be the major road<br />

planned along the edge of the future reclamation to serve<br />

the industrial estate and the land uses within the<br />

reclaimed area.


1. <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> is a traditional market centre.<br />

2. Island House — the residence of the Secretary for the New Territories.<br />

3. The <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> District Office.


1. <strong>Tai</strong><strong>Po</strong> Tau Village.<br />

2. A typical Hakka woman and her children<br />

relax in the shade.<br />

3. The Yuen Chau Tsai squatter area which is<br />

being cleared and re-developed.


1. The <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> Market railway station.<br />

2. Sailing is a popular recreation around <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong>.<br />

3 &4. Transport and communications will be improved in <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong>.<br />

At present, some of the remote villages are served by private \<br />

transport. * tfc A<br />

TAI PO MARKI


Three main bus terminals are to be provided — one next to<br />

<strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> Market Railway Station and an other on reclaimed<br />

land. The third terminal will be incorporated within the<br />

industrial estate, and certain housing estates may be<br />

provided with sub-terminals to cater for local feeder<br />

services.<br />

An extensive network of cycle tracks and pedestrian ways,<br />

separated from the major roads, will also be developed.<br />

Housing<br />

Three public housing estates are planned for <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong>, to<br />

accommodate about 83,000 people.<br />

Construction work on the first estate, for 30,000 people,<br />

has started and it should be occupied by the end of 1980.<br />

Land formation work for the estate is already in progress<br />

adjacent to Ting Kok Road. The second estate to provide<br />

homes for 30,000 people, will be located north of Kwong<br />

Fuk Road between Island House and the <strong>Po</strong>lice Bungalow.<br />

The last estate will be to the south of <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> Central Area<br />

and will accommodate about 23,000 people.<br />

Private residential development areas provided for in the<br />

plan are expected to house another 55,000 people. The<br />

existing residential areas have an estimated maximum<br />

population capacity of 29,000. <strong>Development</strong>s in the<br />

peripheral areas, including low-density residential use in<br />

some of the borrow areas, are expected to accommodate<br />

the balance of future population growth.<br />

Recreation<br />

As nearly 30 per cent of the population of the expanded<br />

town will be under the age of 15, emphasis will be placed<br />

on the provision of an adequate range of recreational<br />

facilities linked together by the cycle track and footpath<br />

systems.<br />

The types of open space to be provided will range from<br />

active areas for organised games to landscaped picnic and<br />

viewing areas in the surrounding foothills.<br />

A stadium and a swimming pool complex will be provided<br />

as well as riverside walks and waterfront open space.<br />

Weekend ferry trips to the Sai Kung Peninsula area are<br />

expected to continue to increase in popularity, with the<br />

improved ferry facilities at the <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> Kau being used more<br />

intensively.<br />

Special emphasis has been placed on this aspect of the<br />

development and a comprehensive study on landscaping<br />

and recreational facilities is being undertaken to<br />

recommend and co-ordinate action that will enhance the<br />

environment of the new development.<br />

One of the aims of the landscaping plan is to retain the<br />

present harmony between the town and the surrounding<br />

countryside and harbour.<br />

Industry and Employment<br />

Several areas have been set aside in the plan for the<br />

development of light industries, including service trades.<br />

The <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> Industrial Estate now under development is<br />

expected to provide better prospects for skilled workers<br />

within the community. Some workshop sites for smallscale<br />

service trades will be provided at appropriate locations<br />

within the high density residential areas. Commercial<br />

establishments within the town will also provide<br />

employment opportunities.


1 & 2. Agriculture ar^fishing p/ay ar<br />

in the life of the market town.<br />

importer) ^f»€i rt<br />

m^H**"'<br />

e of arip/oyment.


1. Large areas are being reclaimed from the sea<br />

to provide land for industrial and housing development.<br />

2. The <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> police station.<br />

3. School children buy snacks from a street vendor.


Education<br />

There are at present six secondary schools and seven<br />

primary schools in <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong>. A new secondary school and<br />

two new primary schools will be provided within the public<br />

housing estate in the first stage of <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> development,<br />

now in progress. Additional primary and secondary schools<br />

will be built in accordance with the Education Department's<br />

programme. All planning areas will include site reservations<br />

for schools to ensure that every child receives a primary<br />

school education. From September 1978 every child<br />

entering secondary school will be assured of three years of<br />

secondary education.<br />

Community Facilities<br />

Two private clinics are now in operation at <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> and a site<br />

for a third government facility has been reserved adjacent<br />

to the central area. A site for a district hospital to meet longterm<br />

needs has also been reserved outside the main highdensity<br />


1. Mountains and green pastures provide an attractive backdrop to <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong>.<br />

2. Recreational cycling along the Ting Kok Road.<br />

3. A new secondary school and two primary schools will be among the many<br />

facilities to be provided in the first stage of <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> development.


Sheung Shui-Shek Wu Hui-Fanling <strong>Development</strong><br />

general land use proposal<br />

250 500 750<br />

i.identiai<br />

1<br />

Public Housing<br />

Village Type Housing<br />

1 Light Industrial<br />

Govt, Institution & Community<br />

Public Open Space<br />

Lowland Rural Area<br />

Cartography by Lands & Survey Department PWD (<br />

© Hong Kong Government 1978 I


FANLING/SHEUNG SHUI/SHEK WU HUI<br />

Fanling, Sheung Shui and Shek Wu Hui are some 8 km<br />

north of <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong>. Fanling is situated at the junction of the<br />

road from <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> with that to Sha Tau Kok. Existing<br />

development consists primarily of the old villages on either<br />

side of Jockey Club Road, of which the largest groups are<br />

Fan Leng <strong>Tai</strong> Wai, Fan Leng Nam Wai and Fanling Pak<br />

Wai, plus the more modern development of Luen Wo Hui,<br />

a market centre alongside the Sha Tau Kok Road. Nearby<br />

is the industrial area of On Lok Tsuen.<br />

Just to the north lies Sheung Shui, with its old walled<br />

village side-by-side with other recent extensions. Some<br />

5,000 people now live there. The improvement of this<br />

village forms an important aspect of the development.<br />

Close by is Shek Wu Hui, which today is a fairly modern<br />

development built after a wide-spread fire which swept the<br />

area in the 1950s. The streets are quite narrow however<br />

as'they still follow the old pattern and many of them are<br />

crowded, particularly near the market, as Shek Wu Hui is<br />

also one of the traditional centres for the surrounding area.<br />

The <strong>Development</strong> Plan<br />

Comprehensive plans have been prepared to cover all the<br />

three areas but each will retain its own individual<br />

identity. Much of the land to be developed is in private<br />

ownership and will have to be resumed and the people<br />

now living there will have to be rehoused before work can<br />

begin. The existing population is about 43,000,<br />

but when fully developed it will be the home of nearly<br />

170,000 people.<br />

The bulk of the additional population, particularly in the<br />

initial stages of the programme, will be accommodated in<br />

Sheung Shui where most of the public housing will be<br />

constructed. Sheung Shui Village and the Shek Wu Hui<br />

development will be retained.<br />

Three public housing estates have been planned, two at<br />

Sheung Shui and one at Fanling. Sites have also been<br />

provided for private residential development and there will<br />

be land for an estate under the Housing Authority's<br />

"Home Ownership" scheme, village housing and light<br />

industries.<br />

Extension areas for Sheung Shui village have been<br />

identified, and a light industrial area is likely to be developed<br />

between the village area and the railway line.<br />

The existing Sheung Shui railway station will be at the heart<br />

of the development, and additional transport facilities will<br />

be provided in adjoining areas beginning with the<br />

construction of a bus terminal. A community centre is also<br />

planned nearby.<br />

A large open space will act as a landscaped buffer zone<br />

separating the development at Sheung Shui from that<br />

of Fanling.<br />

This open space, in front of the Ling Hill and temple and<br />

adjacent to the Fan Leng group of villages, will include the<br />

important "fung shui" area facing the hill.<br />

"Fung shui" is a type of Far-Eastern geomancy, with the<br />

literal meaning of "wind and water". This practice has been<br />

used for thousands of years to determine the best site for a<br />

Chinese home or workplace in relation to natural features<br />

of the landscape such as waterways, land form and<br />

vegetation.<br />

<strong>Development</strong> at Fanling will be centred on the area<br />

adjoining the railway station. There will be a public housing<br />

estate for about 20,000 people, and private<br />

commercial/residential development for another 4,000.<br />

Sites have been reserved for community facilities and a<br />

cultural complex.<br />

15


1. Fan/ing, Sheung Shui and Shek Wu Hui are some 8 km north of <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong>.<br />

2. "The Better Ole"restaurant near Fanling railway station.<br />

3. The <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> and Sheung Shui railway stations will be modernised. There, are<br />

also plans for the double-tracking of the main line.


I<br />

The Luen Wo Market area, as well as the existing On Lok<br />

Tsuen industrial area, will be improved.<br />

The improvement of the On Lok Tsuen area will be by<br />

provision of adequate roads and drains, and the retraining<br />

of the adjacent river channel. At Luen Wo Hui, a traffic<br />

plan will be imposed to see that the existing narrow roads<br />

are not overloaded and efficiently serve the abutting<br />

properties. Private development in the area is expected to<br />

continue and provision has been made for the expansion<br />

and further development of existing villages.<br />

The entire development area is low-lying and the general<br />

level has to be brought up to avoid possible flooding.<br />

Suitable material from surrounding hills has to be obtained<br />

and brought in for this purpose. Close contact with local<br />

people will be maintained in order that their cherished<br />

landmarks, some of which have local fung shui significance,<br />

are not unnecessarily affected. Special attention is also<br />

being paid to plan and budget for reinstatement work so<br />

that land created from borrow areas is put to worthwhile<br />

subsequent use compatible with the rural character of the<br />

countryside.<br />

Transport<br />

The existing road between Fanling and <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> will be<br />

upgraded to dual carriageway standard with a connection<br />

to the trunk road at Lam Kam, just north of <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong>. Within<br />

the development area, through traffic will be carried on the<br />

Fanling Bypass. The Bypass will be aligned parallel to the<br />

existing railway on the south-west side of the tracks and<br />

then turn onto the line of the existing <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> Road passing<br />

through the area formerly occupied by tanneries.<br />

Three connections will be provided to the internal road<br />

network which will be based primarily on the improvement<br />

to dual carriageway standard of Jockey Club Road and<br />

Sha Tau Kok Road. In addition, a new internal<br />

route between Fanling and Sheung Shui will be provided<br />

alongside the railway, and San Fung Avenue will be<br />

replaced by a new road between the Jockey Club Road/<br />

San Fung Avenue junction and the existing roundabout at<br />

the junction of <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> Road/San Fung Avenue.<br />

An internal by-pass road to the Luen Wo Market area<br />

is also allowed for in the plan.<br />

Each of the planning areas will be served by a system of<br />

local roads.<br />

The railway stations at Fanling and Sheung Shui are to be<br />

retained and modernised. There are also plans for the<br />

double tracking of the main line.<br />

The main bus terminal for the area will be at Sheung Shui.<br />

As the population in the area builds up, the terminal is<br />

expected to be expanded, with ancillary facilities including a<br />

public light bus terminal, taxi ranks and car parking areas.<br />

Other smaller bus terminals will be provided at Luen Wo<br />

Market and Fanling railway station and some may also be<br />

provided within the public housing estates.<br />

The development area will be served by a network of<br />

footpaths and cycle tracks which will be separated from the<br />

major roads. This system will be linked to <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> by cycle<br />

tracks which will be provided as part of the improvements<br />

to the road between Fanling and <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong>.<br />

Housing<br />

Of the three public housing estates planned — two at<br />

Sheung Shui and one at Fanling — the first estate will be<br />

in the former tanneries area between <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> Road and<br />

the railway. When complete it will have a population of<br />

30,000. Another estate under the Housing Authority<br />

Home Ownership scheme is also planned for this area.<br />

The second housing estate at Sheung Shui will<br />

accommodate some 23,000 people and will be located on<br />

the north-east side of Jockey Club Road. The Fanling<br />

estate will be on a site adjacent to the railway station<br />

and will house about 20,000 people.<br />

The Shek Mu Hui extension area, the planned Luen Wo<br />

Market development, and a site next to the Fanling housing<br />

estate will provide for private development to accommodate<br />

some 37,000 persons. It is estimated that the existing areas<br />

will have an eventual population capacity of 21,000.


A temple near the Fanling railway station is popular<br />

mth both local children and tourists.


1. The sewage treatment plant at Shek Wu Hui.<br />

2. An old market at Fan Leng Lau Village.<br />

3. A new swimming pool under construction near the Fanling railway station.


<strong>Development</strong> around the main high density areas will<br />

include low density, high class residential sites, village<br />

housing areas and some new village schemes.<br />

Industry and Employment<br />

Three areas have been allocated for the development of<br />

light industry to provide adequate employment opportunity<br />

for the people living in the area.<br />

The biggest of these is at On Lok Tsuen, an area which<br />

already contains a high proportion of industrial sites. The<br />

other two sites will be developed near Sheung Shui village<br />

and in the former tanneries area.<br />

Small scale service trades will be provided for by the<br />

development of workshop areas in suitable locations within<br />

the high density residential areas. Commercial development<br />

in other areas will also present employment opportunities.<br />

Recreation<br />

To meet the needs of young people who are likely to make<br />

up a considerable proportion of the expanded town<br />

population, adequate recreational facilities will be available.<br />

Work has begun on the construction of a swimming pool<br />

complex on land adjoining Fanling Playground and a site<br />

has been reserved nearby for a stadium. A further area of<br />

land has been set aside at Sheung Shui for a second<br />

swimming pool and stadium complex.<br />

It is envisaged that the facilities so provided will not only<br />

cater for the requirements of local residents but also those<br />

of villagers in the north-eastern sector of the New Territories.<br />

A large open space area will be developed between Fanling<br />

and Sheung Shui and the individual planning areas will<br />

provide for local open space and amenity areas. The type<br />

of open space will vary from active areas for volleyball,<br />

etc., to landscaped sitting out areas.<br />

The proposed cycle track and footpath system will link the<br />

main areas and facilities.<br />

Education<br />

At present there are eleven primary schools and three<br />

secondary schools in Fanling and Sheung Shui. Additional<br />

schools will be provided in the development area set out in<br />

the Education Department programme and appropriate<br />

reservations will be made in each of the planning areas.<br />

Medical, <strong>Po</strong>lice and Fire Services<br />

Sheung Shui has a private clinic and Fanling a small<br />

district hospital. This hospital is expected to be expanded to<br />

meet the needs of the growing population.<br />

There is a small police station in Sheung Shui village and<br />

the Frontier <strong>Po</strong>lice H.Q. is now under construction on a site<br />

adjacent to the Fanling roundabout.<br />

Both Sheung Shui and Fanling have fire stations, and<br />

provision has been made for the Fanling Station to be<br />

expanded.<br />

Community halls or estate welfare buildings will be<br />

provided for within the public housing estates and a social<br />

centre is to be built in Sheung Shui. A cultural complex is<br />

also planned at Fanling.<br />

Estimated Cost<br />

During the 10-year period of development, total<br />

expenditure in the public sector for the expansion of Fanling<br />

and Sheung Shui will be about $1,300 million at 1977<br />

price levels. Private enterprise is expected to invest a<br />

similar sum in development during this period.<br />

The first stage of work at Fanling (Package 3) will begin<br />

in 1978/1979 and will cost about $65 million.<br />

The first sites to become available for disposal to the private<br />

sector will be at Shek Wu Hui and it is envisaged they will<br />

be ready in 1979/1980.<br />

21


1. Fan Leng Lau Village.<br />

2. The divisional fire station at Fanling.<br />

3 & 4. Additional schools will be provided in the Fanling/Sheung Shui/Shek Wu Hui<br />

area as set out in the Government programme.


N<br />

Metres<br />

100 200 300 400 500<br />

Yuen Long Town <strong>Development</strong><br />

general land use proposal<br />

Cartography by Lands & Survey Department PWD (<br />

* Hong Kong Government 1978 \


YUENLONG<br />

Yuen Long occupies a strategic location in the middle of the<br />

largest flood plain in the north-western part of the New<br />

Territories, and is the traditional market centre for the<br />

agricultural produce of the surrounding villages, farmlands<br />

and fish ponds. Part of the old town may still be seen<br />

to-day in the Kau Hui (Old Market) area.<br />

It is 40 km by road from the existing urban areas of<br />

Kowloon, 22 km from the Tsuen Wan New Town, 6.5 km<br />

from Tuen Mun New Town, 16 km from Sheung Shui<br />

(via San Tin) and <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> (via Lam Tsuen).<br />

The planned development at Yuen Long will cover an area<br />

of approximately 160 hectares.<br />

Rapid development including the provision of infrastructure<br />

during the past decade has resulted in an increase of the<br />

town population to about 37,000 persons, mainly due to<br />

influx from the surrounding countryside.<br />

With further development of the town and its light industrial<br />

area, a higher rate of population growth is envisaged. Its<br />

present population is expected to grow to an ultimate<br />

figure of 95,000 in the next 10 to 15 years when all the<br />

building land presently reserved for residential,<br />

commercial/residential uses and for public housing is<br />

developed and occupied.<br />

Some 15 to 20 per cent of the future population is<br />

expected to seek jobs in the labour-intensive light industrial/<br />

manufacturing sector. The proposed industrial estate at<br />

Wang Chau, little more than a kilometre north of Yuen<br />

Long town, will provide sites for special land-intensive type<br />

industries similar to those in the <strong>Tai</strong> <strong>Po</strong> Industrial estate.<br />

The <strong>Development</strong> Plan<br />

With the territory-wide population increase, the demand<br />

for more building land for various urban uses, the<br />

improvement of the New Territories Circular Road, the<br />

completion of the bulk of flood control schemes and other<br />

major public works projects, more systematic development<br />

of the town took place in accordance with planning<br />

layouts in the mid '60s.<br />

These planning layouts form the basis of the present<br />

development plan of the market town. The principal<br />

objective of the plan is to foster the growth of balanced<br />

communities with adequate commercial, industrial<br />

and community services in the further development and<br />

redevelopment of the area.<br />

Over the years, the town has been providing the main<br />

employment opportunities for its hinterland population with<br />

its private-run wholesale marketing facilities and service<br />

industries.<br />

The influence of industrialisation has however spread to this<br />

relatively remote area and demand for proper industrial<br />

premises has increased in recent years. This trend is<br />

expected to continue in particular following the establishment<br />

of labour-intensive light industrial/manufacturing sector.<br />

25


1. Yuen Long is in the middle of the largest flood<br />

plain in the north-western part of the New Territories.<br />

It is surrounded by /arm/and and fish ponds.<br />

2. Part of an old area in Yuen Long.<br />

3. A private market.<br />

nnnnn<br />

.


The main objectives of the development plan are:<br />

• to provide a site for a new public housing estate for<br />

approximately 11,000 persons;<br />

• to provide more sites for private commercial/residential<br />

development;<br />

• to allow in-filling development to take place within the<br />

town boundaries;<br />

• to make adequate reservations for essential Government,<br />

Institution and Community uses as well as local open<br />

space development; and<br />

• to reserve sufficient sites for light industrial<br />

development and service industries.<br />

To achieve these aims, a development strategy has been<br />

formulated and a network of packages of engineering<br />

works programmed which include the formation of sites<br />

within the development area and the provision of roads<br />

and drainage connections to building sites.<br />

Since most of the hills nearby are either mainly well-wooded<br />

or carefully kept clear of squatter or burial activities, the<br />

development plans do not propose to affect them. Instead,<br />

borrow areas have been identified at <strong>Tai</strong> Tong, 4 km to the<br />

south of the town, where suitable fill material will be<br />

obtained and taken in to bring the building sites up to<br />

formation level. In order that no ugly scars are left<br />

unheeded in the countryside, funds have been set aside<br />

and plans have been drawn up for landscaping work to be<br />

carried out afterwards.<br />

Transport<br />

As the town develops, a system of roads will be<br />

constructed. A network of footpaths, cycle tracks, subways<br />

and footbridges has been planned to provide safe<br />

connections between the various areas of development.<br />

As well as maintaining the existing system of internal<br />

roads, a number of pedestrian precincts will be developed<br />

to ensure that shopping streets are reasonably<br />

segregated from unnecessary vehicular traffic.<br />

Sites have also been reserved for off-street car parks which<br />

may be converted to multi-storey development, should the<br />

need arise.<br />

Housing<br />

A public housing estate to accommodate 11,000 people is<br />

planned near Shui Pin Wai at the north-western part of the<br />

town. This is in addition to another site in the eastern part of<br />

the town which has already been developed and occupied.<br />

Most of the high density residential/commercial areas of<br />

the town have already been developed. It is estimated that<br />

the total area of building land for private residential use,<br />

will eventually accommodate 60,000 persons.<br />

To allow for some mixture of residential properties, about<br />

11 hectares of building land for medium and low density<br />

residential development are also provided at the southwestern<br />

part of the town to attract the higher income group.<br />

Industry<br />

At present there is about one hectare of industrial land at<br />

the north-eastern corner of the town, adjacent to the<br />

existing public housing estate. A few multi-storey flatted<br />

factories have been erected here, andThese presently<br />

provide jobs for the local people.<br />

Further north of this is an area of flat land totalling<br />

about 23 hectares which is mainly used for fish ponds.<br />

This area is zoned for industrial uses.<br />

A block of government-constructed flatted factories is<br />

located at the eastern edge of the existing built-up area of<br />

the town.<br />

27


<strong>Po</strong>nd fish farming and the timber industry have been two of the<br />

traditional sources of employment around Yuen Long.


Education<br />

There are already eight primary and three secondary<br />

schools within the town boundaries, providing a total of<br />

148 classrooms. Provision for more sites has been made<br />

to meet further educational requirements when the<br />

population increases.<br />

Community Facilities<br />

There are already a number of existing facilities including a<br />

a government office building, a post office, clinic, firestation,<br />

ambulance depot, police station, blind people's<br />

home, Family Planning Association office, rural committee<br />

buildings, a government stadium, and a town hall area<br />

housing a public library, a bus terminus, two retail markets<br />

and two privately run wholesale markets.<br />

In addition to these existing facilities, a number of new or<br />

additional facilities are proposed — including a small<br />

district general hospital, an extension to the stadium, a<br />

magistracy, a civic centre, a swimming pool complex, an<br />

additional retail market, clinic, post office, ambulance depot,<br />

fire station and bus terminus and hawker bazaars and<br />

cooked food stall centres.<br />

The clubhouse of the Yuen Long Sports Association has<br />

now been completed.<br />

Two sites are already developed and managed as rest<br />

gardens and playgrounds.<br />

A small town park and more recreation and open space<br />

facilities will be provided in the new development to cater<br />

for the growing population.<br />

A study into the landscaping requirements is being<br />

undertaken in order that the provision of recreational and<br />

sporting facilities as well as amenity planting are properly<br />

integrated and programmed to enhance the environmental<br />

quality of the "urban development.<br />

It will be seen that many of the facilities already existing or<br />

to be provided are at district level. They will cater not only<br />

for the requirements of the townspeople but also those of<br />

the villagers in the various clusters of communities,<br />

scattered in the large plain in the north-western part of the<br />

New Territories. The availability of such amenities<br />

will go a long way to recapture the eminence of<br />

the town as a focal point for recreational, cultural and sports<br />

activities for the district.<br />

Estimated Cost<br />

During the 10-year period of development, total<br />

expenditure in the public sector for development of Yuen<br />

Long town will be about $474 million at 1977 price levels.<br />

The packaged engineering works began in July 1977.<br />

Much of the land in Yuen Long, except for a few small<br />

areas, is expected to be fully formed and ready for<br />

development within six to seven years.<br />

All sums of money mentioned in the text<br />

are in Hong Kong dollars<br />

29


1. The main street at Yuen Long.<br />

2 &3. The Yuen Long Stadium and Town Hall


A lovely tree- lined river-front promenade along the Nam Sang Wai near Yuen Long.


180<br />

160<br />

140<br />

<strong>Tai</strong><strong>Po</strong><br />

XD17flSlbl<br />

Sheung Shui<br />

ShekWuHui<br />

Fanling<br />

<strong>Po</strong>pulation<br />

in<br />

Market Towns<br />

1977-1987<br />

Persons<br />

in thousands<br />

220<br />

180<br />

120<br />

100<br />

Yuen Long<br />

80<br />

60<br />

40<br />

after<br />

1987<br />

86-87<br />

85-86<br />

84-85<br />

83-84<br />

82-83<br />

81-82<br />

80-81<br />

79-80<br />

78-79<br />

77-78<br />

Mar. 77<br />

Cartography by Lands & Survey Department PWD I<br />

© Hong Kong Government 1978 I


Land Use Distribution<br />

\Lowland<br />

al Area<br />

Area & percentage<br />

jGovt., Institution<br />

& Community Area<br />

1793.4<br />

hectares<br />

\Govt., Institution<br />

\& Community Area<br />

Govt., Institution & Community Area<br />

^94,5<br />

\Lowland<br />

\Rural Area<br />

ustrial Area<br />

Industrial Area<br />

45.5<br />

Indetermined/Other uses<br />

ndetermined/ Other uses<br />

.1<br />

\Undetermined /Other uses<br />

Commercial Area<br />

0.7<br />

esentia<br />

Area<br />

_5BMkM<br />

Residentia*! Area<br />

210.5<br />

hectares<br />

Residential Area<br />

^37.9<br />

hectares<br />

Residential zoning<br />

Height of block is an indication of eventual<br />

population density in each residential category.<br />

<strong>Tai</strong><strong>Po</strong><br />

Sheung Shui-Shek Wu Hui-Fanling<br />

private housing<br />

Yuen Long<br />

public<br />

housing<br />

O'to£/aphy by Lands & Survey Department PWD I<br />

© Hong Kong Government 1978 I<br />

R.I— 4=Restdential Zones !—4 VTH==V!l}age Type Housing C/R = Commercial/Restdential RS^Speciai Residenttj


711.4095125 1281351<br />

Hong Kong. New Territories <strong>Development</strong><br />

Dept.<br />

Market towns. 1979.<br />

Date<br />

Due<br />

Date Due<br />

& *Yf<br />

Borrower's<br />

No. I<br />

Date<br />

Due<br />

I<br />

Borrower's<br />

No.<br />

1281351<br />

[HKP] 711.4095125 H77 m<br />

XD17fiSlbl

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