Global entrepreneurship report - ResearchGate

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Changes in Entrepreneurial Activity Over Time The global level of <strong>entrepreneurship</strong> has certainly changed over the past three years. As seen in Table 2, for example, the number of entrepreneurially active adults among the 20 countries included in GEM 2000 increased from 123 to 133 million between 2000 and 2001, and then to 161 million in 2002. A similar pattern was found among the 28 countries in GEM 2001. It is interesting to note, however, that these increases occurred despite the fact that the average participation rate per country fell during this period. The explanation is that growth in the human population and entrepreneurial activity of large developing countries more than offset the decline in <strong>entrepreneurship</strong> evidenced among the developed countries, mostly in Western Europe. Indeed, among the G-7 countries, while the population and labor force grew from 689 to 699 million, and 416 to 440 million, respectively, between 2000 and 2002, the number of entrepreneurially active individuals Table 2: Aggregate Changes in Total Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) Over Time Data collection year 2000 2001 2002 Number of countries in project 20 28 37 GEM 2002 Countries TEA index (average across countries) 8.0% TEA Index (based on total labor force) 12.0% Lowest TEA level 1.8% Highest TEA level 18.9% Total population, all ages (thousands) 3,882,000 Total labor force: 18-64 yrs. (thousands) 2,375,000 Total active in entrepreneurial process (thousands) 286,000 GEM 2001 Countries* TEA index (average across countries) 9.6% 7.6% TEA index (based on total labor force) 10.8% 11.8% Lowest TEA level 4.5% 1.8% Highest TEA level 20.7% 17.9% Total population, all ages (thousands) 2,453,000 2,476,000 Total labor force: 18-64 yrs. (thousands) 1,462,000 1,482,000 Total active in entrepreneurial process (thousands) 158,000 175,000 12 GEM 2000 Countries** TEA index (average across countries) 9.5% 9.2% 7.7% TEA index (based on total labor force) 10.8% 10.7% 12.8% Lowest TEA level 4.2% 4.5% 1.8% Highest TEA level 21.4% 15.5% 17.9% Total population, all ages (thousands) 2,044,000 2,089,000 2,112,000 Total labor force: 18-64 yrs. (thousands) 1,132,000 1,239,000 1,258,000 Total active in entrepreneurial process (thousands) 123,000 133,000 161,000 G-7 Countries*** TEA index (average across countries) 8.9% 8.7% 5.8% TEA index (based on total labor force) 10.8% 8.3% 6.7% Lowest TEA level 5.6% 5.2% 1.8% Highest TEA level 16.6% 11.6% 10.5% Total population, all ages (thousands) 689,000.00 696,000 699,000 Total labor force: 18-64 yrs. (thousands) 416,000.00 438,000 440,000 Total active in entrepreneurial process (thousands) 45,000.00 40,000 30,000 *Portugal not in project for 2002, not included for 2001 comparison. **Ireland data for 2000 was not usable; dropped for 2001, 2002 comparisons. ***Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom and United States.
Table 3: Change in Percent Growth in GDP and Total EntrepreneurialActivity (TEA) from 2000 to 2002 Change from Total Entrepreneurial Change from % Growth in GDP Previous Year Activity (TEA) Previous Year Country 1999 2000 2001 1999-2000 2000-2001 2000 2001 2002 2000-2001 2001-2002 India 6.71 5.36 4.08 -1.35 -1.28 8.97 11.55 17.88 2.59 6.32* Argentina -3.39 -0.79 -4.41 2.60 -3.62 9.22 11.11 14.15 1.89 3.05* Israel 2.64 7.44 -0.85 4.80 -8.30 7.14 5.67 7.06 -1.47 1.39 Brazil 0.81 4.36 1.51 3.55 -2.85 21.44 12.74 13.53 -8.69* 0.78 Norway 2.10 2.40 1.40 0.30 -1.00 11.86 8.78 8.69 -3.08* -0.08 Korea 10.89 9.33 3.03 -1.57 -6.30 16.34 14.89 14.52 -1.45 -0.37 Singapore 6.93 10.26 -2.04 3.32 -12.30 4.22 6.58 5.91 2.36 -0.67 United States 4.11 3.75 0.25 -0.36 -3.50 16.58 11.61 10.51 -4.97* -1.10 Denmark 2.31 3.02 0.95 0.71 -2.07 7.17 8.01 6.53 0.85 -1.48 Belgium 3.03 4.02 1.01 1.00 -3.01 4.80 4.54 2.99 -0.27 -1.54* The Netherlands .** 3.36 1.22 .** -2.14 .** 6.44 4.62 .** -1.82 Canada 5.39 4.53 1.50 -0.86 -3.03 12.22 10.98 8.82 -1.24 -2.16 United Kingdom 2.41 3.08 1.93 0.67 -1.15 6.91 7.80 5.37 0.89 -2.43* Sweden 4.51 3.61 1.21 -0.90 -2.40 6.67 6.68 4.00 0.01 -2.68* Germany 2.05 2.86 0.57 0.81 -2.28 7.45 7.99 5.16 0.54 -2.83* South Africa .** 3.36 2.22 .** -1.14 .** 9.45 6.54 .** -2.90* Ireland .** 11.46 5.85 .** -5.61 .** 12.23 9.14 .** -3.09* Finland 4.05 5.59 0.74 1.53 -4.85 8.12 7.66 4.56 -0.46 -3.10* Japan 0.80 2.40 -0.29 1.60 -2.69 6.38 5.19 1.81 -1.19 -3.38* Spain 4.20 4.18 2.67 -0.01 -1.51 6.85 8.16 4.59 1.31 -3.58* New Zealand .** 3.85 2.51 .** -1.33 .** 18.07 14.01 .** -4.06* France 3.19 4.17 1.80 0.98 -2.36 5.62 7.37 3.20 1.76 -4.17* Italy 1.59 2.87 1.78 1.27 -1.09 7.33 10.16 5.90 2.83 -4.26* Russia .** 9.03 5.05 .** -3.99 .** 6.93 2.52 .** -4.41* Hungary .** 5.23 3.80 .** -1.44 .** 11.43 6.64 .** -4.79* Poland .** 4.00 1.00 .** -3.00 .** 9.97 4.44 .** -5.53* Australia 4.76 3.13 2.55 -1.63 -0.58 15.18 15.50 8.68 0.32 -6.83* Mexico .** 6.64 -0.28 .** -6.91 .** 20.73 12.40 .** -8.33* Column Averages 3.46 4.28 1.46 0.82 -3.28 9.52 9.94 7.65 -0.37 -2.29 *Statistically significant change, p
Page 1 and 2: GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP MONITOR 200
Page 3 and 4: Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 200
Page 5 and 6: Lists of Tables and Figures List of
Page 7 and 8: Team Denmark Finland France Germany
Page 9 and 10: Executive Summary The Global Entrep
Page 11 and 12: Scope of Entrepreneurial Activity O
Page 13 and 14: Cross-National Differences in Entre
Page 15: Figure 3: Global Distribution of To
Page 19 and 20: Motivations and Types of Entreprene
Page 21 and 22: entrepreneurially active adults exp
Page 23 and 24: Science, Technology and High Potent
Page 25 and 26: Association Between Entrepreneurial
Page 27 and 28: National Context and Entrepreneuria
Page 29 and 30: Special Topics GEM research provide
Page 31 and 32: Correlations between several nation
Page 33 and 34: Figure 9: Domestic Classic Venture
Page 35 and 36: family ownership expected within fi
Page 37 and 38: y which individuals assemble the re
Page 39 and 40: (i.e., motivation and skill) of the
Page 41 and 42: International Database projections
Page 43 and 44: Table E-2: Correlations Between Yea
Page 45 and 46: For more information on the Global
Page 48: 12/02 15M

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