Global entrepreneurship report - ResearchGate

Special Topics
GEM research provides rich insights into the
patterns of entrepreneurial activity around the
world. Indeed, as this program has broadened and
the knowledge base accumulated, it has become
obvious that a single annual report is no longer an
adequate vehicle for expressing its many findings.
Consequently, special units within the GEM research
team have been commissioned to develop reports
around topics of particular interest to the domain of
entrepreneurship. The following sections provide
glimpses into GEM findings around three of these
special areas: women and entrepreneurship,
entrepreneurial finance and family-sponsored
entrepreneurship. A more complete analysis of these
topics, as well as a discussion of policy implications
suggested by these results, will be forthcoming in
the spring of 2003.
Women and
Entrepreneurship 20
Both gender and age play a major role in
predicting participation in entrepreneurial activity.
Their joint impact is illustrated in Figure 7 for the
entire GEM sample. While this is weighted to
represent the labor force population of 2.4 billion,
the patterns within world regions and specific
countries are quite similar. 21 The exhibit presents the
prevalence rate for the overall TEA index,
Figure 7: Entrepreneurial Activity by Gender and Age
Number
Number
per 100 Women Men per 100
TEA All
18-24 yrs. 7.7 13.2
25-34 yrs. 12.8 19.7
35-44 yrs. 10.2 14.6
45-54 yrs. 6.2 11.2
55-64 yrs. 5.0 6.8
TEA Opportunity
18-24 yrs. 5.6 10.8
25-34 yrs. 7.6 13.3
35-44 yrs. 5.2 9.8
45-54 yrs. 3.2 7.1
55-64 yrs. 2.5 3.7
TEA Necessity
18-24 yrs. 1.9 1.8
25-34 yrs. 5.0 6.0
35-44 yrs. 4.8 4.3
45-54 yrs. 3.0 4.1
55-64 yrs. 2.4 2.8
Nascent Firms
18-24 yrs. 4.1 8.1
25-34 yrs. 7.3 10.6
35-44 yrs. 6.0 7.9
45-54 yrs. 3.7 6.2
55-64 yrs. 3.0 3.8
25
New Firms
18-24 yrs. 3.7 6.1
25-34 yrs. 6.1 10.3
35-44 yrs. 4.7 7.0
45-54 yrs. 2.8 5.3
55-64 yrs. 2.2 3.3
14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20