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Table A-4. Agricultural Reuse – Non-Food Crops 389 State Wyoming Reclaimed Water Quality and Treatment Requirements crop plus demonstrable denitrification • Minimum of Class C wastewaterprimary treatment and disinfection • Fecal coliform - 200/100 ml or greater but less than 1000/100 ml Reclaimed Water Monitoring Requirements individual spray field tested annually for nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and pH • Treated wastewater to be analyzed for fecal coliform, nitrate as N, ammonia as N, and pH at a minimum • Monitoring frequency - once per month for lagoon systems - once per week for mechanical systems • Frequency specified in NPDES permit required if more frequent Treatment Facility Reliability • Multiple units and equipment • Alternative power sources • Alarm systems and instrumentation • Operator certification and standby capability • Bypass and dewatering capability • Emergency storage Storage Requirements • Emergency storage Loading Rates gal/acre/day • Will be applied for the purpose of beneficial reuse and will not exceed the irrigation demand of the vegetation at the site • Not to be applied at a rate greater than the agronomic rate for the vegetation at the site • Will be applied in a manner and time that will not cause any surface runoff or contamination of a groundwater aquifer Groundwater Monitoring alkalinity, hardness, temperature, and pH Setback Distances (1) • 30 feet to adjacent property lines • 30 feet to all surface waters • 100 feet to all potable water supply wells • 100-foot buffer zone around spray site Spray Irrigation: • 100 feet to adjacent property lines and any public right-of-way Flood Irrigation: • 30 feet to adjacent property lines and any public right-of-way Other • Pertains to irrigation on agricultural lands supporting indirect food chain crops • Animals not allowed to graze on land for 30 days after reclaimed water application (1) Distances are from edge of wetted perimeter unless otherwise noted.
390 Table A-5. Unrestricted Recreational Reuse Reclaimed Water State Quality and Treatment Requirements Reclaimed Water Monitoring Requirements Treatment Facility Reliability Storage Requirements Loading Rates Groundwater Monitoring Setback Distances California • Disinfected • Total coliform - • Warning • No tertiary sampled at alarms impoundment recycled water least once • Back-up power of disinfected that has been daily from the source tertiary subjected to disinfected • Multiple recycled water conventional effluent treatment units within 100 feet treatment (see • Turbidity - capable of of any monitoring continuously treating entire domestic water requirements if sampled flow with one supply well recycled water following unit not in has not filtration operation or received Monitoring storage or conventional requirements if disposal treatment) - recycled water provisions oxidized, has not received • Emergency coagulated conventional storage or (not required if treatment: disposal: membrane • Sampled and short-term, filtration is analyzed 1 day; used and/or monthly for long-term, turbidity Giardia, enteric 20 days requirements viruses, and • Sufficient are met), clarified, filtered, disinfected • Total coliform measured at a point between the disinfection process and the point of entry to the use impoundment - 2.2/100 ml (7 day median) - 23/100 ml (not to exceed in more than Cryptosporidium for first 12 months and quarterly thereafter • Samples to be taken at a point following disinfection and prior to the point where recycled water enters the use impoundment • Ongoing monitoring may be discontinued number of qualified personnel Other
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EPA/625/R-04/108 September 2004 Gui
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Foreword In an effort to help meet
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Chapter Page 2.3.3.2 Site Use Contr
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Chapter Page 3.6.3.3 Land Applicati
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Chapter Page 6.4 Incremental Versus
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Chapter Page 8.5.20.1Drarga, Morocc
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Table Page 3-6 Typical Pathogen Sur
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Table Page 8-10 Major Reuse Project
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Figure Page 2-19 Available Reclaime
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Acknowledgements The Guidelines for
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William Everest Orange County Water
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*Dr. Christopher Scott, P.E. Intern
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Robert Whitley Whitley, Burchett an
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CHAPTER 1 Introduction The world’
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water treatment and disposal. Under
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1.7 References Department of the In
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Florida, has been in operation sinc
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• Prevention of improper operatio
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industrial uses must also be added
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following indirect impacts associat
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2. Identification of metal alloys i
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Table 2-3. North Richmond Water Rec
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2.2.3.4 Petroleum and Coal Processe
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tration and excess application is r
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or very low calcium content in the
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e attributable to different types o
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environmental enhancements (wetland
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The Yelm, Washington, project in Co
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Figure 2-6. Three Engineered Method
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the development of anaerobic condit
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Figure 2-7. Schematic of Soil-Aquif
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zone injection wells as compared to
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metabolism. One would expect simila
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A guiding principle in the developm
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source control and protection progr
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not dissimilar from those that coul
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Table 2-12. San Diego Potable Reuse
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Figure 2-9. Water Resources at RCID
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Figure 2-11. Estimated Potable Wate
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The obvious question that must be a
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Figure 2-15. North Phoenix Reclaime
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effective through a test program fu
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It is important to note that, in al
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achieve compliance with a streamflo
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gallons of stored water (143,850 m
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feet per year (130 mgd or 492,100 m
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euse site, and (2) produce a reliab
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As outlined in the Water Conservati
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Calabrese, E.J., C.E. Gilbert, and
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Johns, F.L., R. J. Neal, and R. P.
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Southwest Florida Water Management
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3.1.1 Preliminary Investigations Th
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should be known including the prese
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Figure 3-3. Fresh Water Source, Use
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which consists primarily of landsca
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Figure 3-7. Potable and Reclaimed W
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quirements for water reuse applicat
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of tourists, and seasons of high fl
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must either directly or indirectly
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uct is commonly referenced as the
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isms that may be found in raw and s
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Table 3-7 Pathogens in Untreated an
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Table 3-10 Some Suggested Alternati
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3.4.1.7 Chemical Constituents The c
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The health effects resulting from o
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consistent results, indicating that
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The chlorine dosage required to dis
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trite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen
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Table 3-13a. Microfiltration Remova
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• All water pollution control fac
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discharge the wastewater to approve
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lection of how control valves respo
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tuations, which can affect system r
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salts from the root zone or to inte
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Figure 3-14. Example of a Multiple
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der some circumstances, using a rec
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Though inspection and review regula
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Figure 3-18. TDS Increase Due to Ev
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hanced, wetlands application may be
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der this provision, reclaimed water
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Figure 3-21. Irrigation Lateral Sep
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Ahel M., W. Giger W., and M. Koch.
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Federal Water Quality Administratio
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Klingel, K., C. Hohenadl, A. Canu,
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ter Treatment Plant Effluent. Unive
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124503. Environmental Monitoring an
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148
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Figure 4-1. California Water Reuse
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Table 4-1. Summary of State Reuse R
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average) except when reclaimed wate
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water quality requirements vary fro
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Table 4-7. Unrestricted Recreationa
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Table 4-10. Industrial Reuse (1) Ar
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and Washington) have regulations or
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is delivered to the reuse system on
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• Agricultural Reuse - Food Crops
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Table 4-13. Suggested Guidelines fo
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Footnotes 1. These guidelines are b
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genic microorganisms during the dis
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174
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5.1.1 Appropriative Rights System T
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5.2 Section 5.2 “Water Supply and
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egulations that establish criteria
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sons ranging from health effects to
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nonpotable systems, or the installa
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thorization of entities with whom t
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if reclaimed water is available whi
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cost of its operation • MRWPCA wi
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Pinellas County Utilities - STANDAR
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Owner’s Full Name and Service Add
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eclaimed water of sufficient qualit
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fourth element addresses the coordi
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6.2 • Economic - delay in or avoi
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tion of ordinances or regulations t
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One example of such a capital contr
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allowed the City to postpone expans
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General and administrative costs sh
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Table 6-2. User Fees for Existing U
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urse its water and wastewater reven
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Table 6-4. Estimated Capital and Ma
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new service; (2) the fees charged c
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Table 6-9. Percent Costs Recovered
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Washington State Department of Ecol
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A public participation program can
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Table 7-1. Positive and Negative Re
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Figure 7-3. Survey Results for Diff
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sults, monitor the effectiveness of
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grams, the user is concerned with t
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Table 7-3. Trade Reactions and Expe
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to remind homeowners about dry seas
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developed to enhance and improve th
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• Protect public health and the e
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the survey respondents claimed to k
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Table 8-1. Sources of Water in Seve
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of water scarcity, meaning that in
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wastewater treatment to produce usa
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Water Supply and Sanitation Coverag
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Table 8-3. Summary of Water Quality
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The government of Tasmania, Austral
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Table 8-5. Life-Cycle Cost of Typic
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ment, at which stage, around 9,000
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There was another attempt to reuse
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tor for water reuse at a national l
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8.5.9 France France’s water resou
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treatment. Enteric diseases, anemia
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The 2 largest reuse projects are th
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Table 8-11. Uses of Reclaimed Water
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Table 8-13. Reclaimed Water Standar
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Another key element of the Drarga p
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high reliability of wastewater, the
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d (30 mgd) of reclaimed water for n
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authorities. These authorities are
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Over 40 irrigation projects have be
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terms and general conditions of rec
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8.5.35 Zimbabwe In Zimbabwe, water
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Scott, C. A., J. A. Zarazua, G. Lev
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Table A-1. Unrestricted Urban Reuse
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Table A-2. Restricted Urban Reuse 3
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Table A-2. Restricted Urban Reuse S
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Table A-3. Agricultural Reuse - Foo
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Page 389 and 390: Table A-4. Agricultural Reuse - Non
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Page 421 and 422: Table A-5. Unrestricted Recreationa
Page 423 and 424: Table A-5. Unrestricted Recreationa
Page 425 and 426: Table A-6. Restricted Recreational
Page 431 and 432: Table A-7. Environmental - Wetlands
Page 433 and 434: Table A-7. Environmental - Wetlands
Page 435 and 436: Table A-8. Industrial Reuse 406 Sta
Page 447 and 448: Table A-9. Groundwater Recharge 418
Page 457 and 458: Table A-9. Groundwater Recharge Sta
Page 459 and 460: Table A-10. Indirect Potable Reuse
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Appendix B. State Website Internet
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Appendix B. State Website Internet
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Acronyms AID U.S. Agency for Intern
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446
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Appendix D: Inventory of Water Reus
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Appendix D: Inventory of Water Reus
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