DoD Responses to Transnational Threats - The Black Vault

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VOLUME III - SUPPORTING REPORTS* THREATS AND SCENARIOS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DOD RESPONSE CAPABILITIES AND OPTIONS Operational Intelligence Panel Nuclear Panel Biological Warfare / Chemical Warfare Panel Physical, Launched, and Unconventional Means Panel Information Warfare / Electronic Warfare Panel Civil Integration and Response Panel * Volumes 1 and 2 of this report represent the consensus view of this Task Force along with its analytical results and recommendations. Volume 3 of this report contains materials that were provided as inputs to the Task Force, but whose findings and recommendations may not represent the consensus view of this Task Force. v
PREFACE The Defense Science Board has examined new national security missions in the post Cold War period through a series of studies that began in 1995. In Technology for 21 st Century Military Superiority, a task force examined Department of Defense (DoD) missions with an eye toward identifying where new investments would be appropriate to ensure military superiority. The 1996 Summer Study Task Force, in its report Tactics and Technology for 21 st Century Military Superiority, examined ways to achieve substantial increases in the effectiveness of rapidly deployable forces and took a more comprehensive look at the missions identified in the 1995 report. This year’s study continues the theme by looking at a new class of threats facing the United States in the 21 st century. Since the demise of the Soviet Union, the United States has been modernizing forces to address a wider range of missions and adversaries, to include some that are very different from those faced in the four decades following the end of World War II. Perhaps less well appreciated, as highlighted in the 1995 study, these adversaries have also been modernizing their forces to discourage the United States and its coalition allies from influencing their foreign policy. They have lessons learned from Desert Storm. Their military modernization has included the purchase of large numbers of missiles and mines; some submarines with high speed torpedoes; the construction of underground facilities; and development of capabilities for weapons of mass destruction to include biological and chemical weapons. Coupled with their high tolerance for the loss of human life – both theirs and ours – their initiatives present a formidable challenge to long-term national security. Even a small nation with a modest defense budget can afford such modernization. Lastgeneration weapons are still effective, particularly in large numbers. And last-generation weapons are much less costly than the more modern weapons. Coupling that with US requirements to be able to rapidly project force to unpredicted locations worldwide results in real problems to global security. Further, potential adversaries employing inexpensive and much more readily available weapons of mass destruction can now use the global information infrastructure, along with the Global Positioning System and commercial imagery satellites, as their C3I system; and use the worldwide, robust commercial transportation infrastructure to project “force” anywhere, anytime. This can present a military capability as deadly as large conventional forces, and available – now – to very small adversaries, in terms of population, defense budget, and land area. In fact, it is available to adversaries with no claimed homeland – the transnational threat. The transnational threat lies on a continuum ranging from violent domestic groups to belligerent nation states. It threatens the United States, US forces abroad, and allies. Such transnational threats, with political and economic agendas, and the willingness and ability to use vii
Page 1 and 2: The Defense Science Board 1997 Summ
Page 3 and 4: OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE
Page 5 and 6: 1997 DSB SUMMER STUDY DoD Responses
Page 7: VOLUME II - FORCE PROTECTION PREFAC
Page 11 and 12: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY With the change i
Page 13 and 14: to accomplish. An enhanced force pr
Page 15 and 16: crucial and thus the task force end
Page 17: CHAPTER 1. Setting the Stage “Thi
Page 20 and 21: At the request of the Chairman, Joi
Page 22 and 23: iological agents. Others involve ch
Page 24 and 25: In summary, DoD has many unique cap
Page 27: CHAPTER 2. Organizing a DoD Respons
Page 30 and 31: Further, they demonstrate that the
Page 32 and 33: coordinate activities, a member of
Page 34 and 35: Whether the successful execution of
Page 36 and 37: area hospitals. While no injuries o
Page 38 and 39: Major Military Conflicts Major Tran
Page 40 and 41: ability to project its forces abroa
Page 42 and 43: The Task Force recommends an initia
Page 44 and 45: Figure 11 shows the spectrum of new
Page 46 and 47: No New Organizations DoD can and sh
Page 48 and 49: Structuring the Operational and Tec
Page 51: CHAPTER 3. Technical Challenges “
Page 54 and 55: antibodies that might point to the
Page 56 and 57: Although it is important to continu
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detonated in a city, at a military
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headlines. With their often greater
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The Department of Energy, the Assis
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Union’s chemical and biological w
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among many users and suppliers to t
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The intended effects of an informat
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DoD must build the capability to im
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CHAPTER 4. Summary of Recommendatio
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− Define and develop an expanded
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THE UNDER SECRETARY OF DEFENSE 30 1
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ANNEX B. Task Force Organization an
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Task Force Membership Chair/Vice-Ch
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DoD Response Capabilities & Options
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ANNEX C: Policy and Technology Reco
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will facilitate development of sear
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2. The Secretary of Defense should
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• Assign the military services re
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• The Department of Energy’s na
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• DoD should continue, under Nunn
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violet searchlights” might be use
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implement defense information warfa
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ANNEX D: Summary of Laws and Execut
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In emergency situations, several ex
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protection and training, for physic
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6. Defense Against Weapons of Mass
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DoD Responses to Transnational Threats - The Black Vault

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